金黄色葡萄球菌SSL7蛋白对补体系统的作用分析

为探究金黄色葡萄球菌超抗原样蛋白(Staphylococcal superantigen-like proteins,SSLs)与补体系统相关的生物学特征,利用原核表达系统表达SSL7重组蛋白,并通过补体杀伤试验、Western Blot以及Pull-down对其有关补体系统的生物学特征进行研究。结果表明:1)重组蛋白SSL7可在大肠杆菌感受态细胞BL21(DE3)系统中大量可溶性表达,大小约25ku;2)SSL7可阻断新鲜兔血清对大肠杆菌DH5α的补体杀伤作用;3)SSL7抑制补体激活后攻膜复合体(Membrane attack complex,MAC)的形成,新鲜兔血清无法在金黄色葡萄球菌NCTC 8325菌体表面形成MAC沉积;4)SSL7能捕获健康人血清(Human normal serum,HNS)中的补体C5,阻断补体系统的激活。综上,金黄色葡萄球菌超抗原样蛋白SSL7可以通过特异性结合补体C5阻断补体级联反应,逃避宿主免疫应答以达到致病的目的,为进一步探究SSL7的感染机制、揭示SSLs蛋白功能奠定基础。     

玉米基因雄性不育双杂合保持系的选育研究

本研究从1982年开始,选用玉米ms1、ms2和ms10三个雄性核不育基因以及易位断点与相应ms基因紧密连锁的T4-6b、T9-10a、T4-10f和T6-10（5519）四个易位系作为基础材料，采用细胞遗传技术育成若干个骨干自交系的基因雄性不育双杂合保持系。至今，已选育出黄早四和Mo17背景的ms2基因杂合保持系。保持系与ms2基因不育系杂交，子代     

Neutralizing and Complement-fixing Monoclonal Antibodies as an Aid to the Diagnosis of Equine Herpesvirus-1 Infection

One complement-fixing (C-MAb) and three complement-dependent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (N-MAbs) were raised against Hisar-90-7 equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) strain. The target antigen of the C-MAb (2A5) and two of the N-MAbs (1H6, 9C4) was identified as a 140 kDa polypeptide in Western blotting. The target antigen of N-MAb (9C6) could not be identified. Purified polypeptides of five EHV-1 strains isolated from different regions and at different times gave intense bands at 140 kDa when reacted with N-MAb (1H6) in Western blots. In sandwich ELISA, all four MAbs captured the viral antigen from clinical materials, giving a reliable and rapid diagnosis of EHV-1 infection in equines.     

Cryopreservation of sheep red blood cells. 3. Complement titrations with frozen sensitized cells

The effect of different suspending and washing procedures for recovery of sensitized sheep erythrocytes (EA) after freezing at −196°C was investigated. Best results were obtained using gelatin-veronal-buffered saline-sucrose containing 0.15 mM-Ca and 1 mM-Mg (GVBSM⁺⁺-sucrose) as the suspending and first washing buffer. The cryoprotective agents tested were polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), neutralized PVP, purified PVP and a gum product, Avelex 1030. All PVP preparations tested gave good results as cryoprotectants in terms of cell recovery after thawing whereas Avelex 1030 was less satisfactory. The EA cells frozen in the presence of untreated PVP showed, however, increased susceptibility to the hemolytic action of complement, whereas cells frozen with purified or neutralized PVP gave titers similar to that obtained with fresh cells. Good results were also obtained with Avelex 1030. Complement titrations with frozen EA cells were more reproducible than titrations with fresh cells.     

Cryopreservation of Sheep Red Blood Cells: 4. Titrations of The First Complement Component with Frozen Eac4 Cells

The cryoprotection of the sheep erythrocyte intermediate EAC4 cells, used as reagent in titration of the first complement component, Gl, was investigated. The cryoprotective agents tested were untreated polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), purified PVP, neutralized PVP and a hydroxyethylated potato starch of high viscosity, Avelex 1030, hydrolyzed for 40 min. Recovery of EAG4 cells after thawing was 80–90 %, with best results using untreated, purified or neutralized PVP. The EAG4 cells frozen in the presence of untreated PVP showed, however, increased susceptibility to the hemolytic action of Gl, whereas cells frozen with purified or neutralized PVP or with Avelex 1030 gave titers similar to that obtained with fresh cells. Gl titrations with frozen and thawed EAG4 cells gave more reproducible results than those obtained when titrations were performed with fresh separately prepared cells.     

Comparative evaluation of kinetic nephelometry for antibody detection

The sensitivity of the nephelometry performed as kinetic and end-point measurement for the detection of serum antibodies was evaluated in an experimental system and compared with that of the complement fixation and single radial immunodiffusion tests. The corresponding antibody titres of the used anti-FCS antiserum with BSA antigen were estimated to be 2⁻⁷ in complement fixation, 2⁻⁶ in single radial immunodiffusion and 2⁻⁴ in kinetic (rate) nephelometry tests. From the described findings it was concluded that the kinetic nephelometry with its present technical instrumentation provided a rapid serological technique to establish quantitative Heidelberger curves under experimental conditions but did not meet the required sensitivity for the detection of naturally occurring antibodies in infected donors.     

Bovine adenoviruses—IV. Two mixed antigens for routine serodiagnosis by complement fixation reaction

The frequency of bovine adenovirus infections occurring in cattle has been grossly underestimated up to the present day. Primary isolation of serotypes belonging to bovine subgroup II is cumbersome. Hardly any laboratory has used all 8 officially-recognised bovine serotypes in seroneutralisation-tests, which should be done when this type-specific method is used for serodiagnosis. The complement fixation test, known as group-reactive from human adenovirus serology, has failed to disclose the true incidence of bovine infections, as until recently the importance of a novel additional group-reactive bovine adenovirus antigen had been undisclosed. Here we describe production, composition and performance of two mixed antigens for complement fixation reactions, which take into account recent findings by our team on peculiarities of bovine adenovirus antigens. Mixed antigen 1 contains bovine serotypes 1, 2 and 3 and detects group-specific antibodies of the classical mastadenoviruses. Mixed antigen 2 contains bovine serotypes 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 and determines group-specific antibodies against the novel paramastadenoviruses. In addition, each antigen is capable of demonstrating complement-fixing type-specific antibodies in sera against the respective types included in each mixed antigen, with a net enhancing effect produced by mixing. Use of the 2 mixed antigens promptly shows whether bovine adenoviruses, presently recognised as well as unclassified, are involved in a given outbreak of respiratory or enteric disease of cattle. If needed, the responsible type may be determined in a second step of serological investigation.     

Serologic response to Brucella abortus of cattle and guinea pigs experimentally inoculated with a Yersinia enterocolitica serotype from milk

Ten strains of Yersinia enterocolitica belonging to ten various serogroups isolated from raw milk were inoculated into groups of five guinea pigs and five calves. Y. enterocolitica serotype 0:16 was the only serotype tested that induced an antibody response to Brucella abortus in calves. No anti-Brucella response could be demonstrated serologically in guinea pigs. Activity of the anti-Y. enterocolitica 0:16 calf sera against B. abortus antigen was shown by the tube agglutination test, and by the complement fixation test. The early agglutinating antibody response was partly sensitive to reduction by 2-mercaptoethanol. This sensitivity decreased later in the response. This is the first report of anti-Brucella responses induced by a serotype of Y. enterocolitica other than 0:9; sera from a group of five calves inoculated with 0:9 were tested by the same serological techniques for comparison.     

东亚夏季气候可预测性的一个论证

本文从冬季东亚西风急流与夏季副热带高压之间的动能互补与平衡关系出发,论证了夏季气候特征的可预测性在0.80以上,平均每10年(次)预测中可做到8年以上基本趋势正确。