透湿性反光膜和秸秆覆盖对越橘果实品质形成的影响

以南高丛越橘品种奥尼尔(O'Neal)和兔眼越橘品种杰兔(Premier)为试材,研究透湿性反光膜、秸秆覆盖处理对越橘果实生长发育期间品质变化的影响.结果表明,越橘园覆盖反光膜和秸秆处理,其单果重大于对照,可溶性固形物、还原糖含量也高于对照.反光膜覆盖处理的果实可滴定酸、有机酸含量显著降低,秸秆覆盖处理的果实可滴定酸、有机酸含量亦略有降低.对于果实花色苷含量,反光膜覆盖处理最高,秸秆覆盖处理居其次,而对照最低.     

基于ACO-SVM的粮虫特征提取研究(英文)

[目的]研究基于ACO-SVM的粮虫特征提取,探讨粮虫特征提取的可行性。[方法]通过分析储粮害虫图像识别系统中的1个关键环节——特征提取,提出把支持向量机(Support vector machine,简称SVM)算法中交叉验证训练模型的识别率作为储粮害虫特征提取评价准则的1个重要因子,将蚁群优化算法(Ant Colony Optimization,简称ACO)应用于粮虫特征的自动提取。[结果]该算法从粮虫的17维形态学特征中自动提取出面积、周长等7个特征的最优特征子空间,采用参数优化之后的SVM分类器对90个粮虫样本进行分类,识别率达到95%以上。[结论]该研究表明蚁群优化算法在粮虫特征提取中的应用是可行的。     

不同整枝方式对塑料大棚春茬番茄生长发育的影响

[目的]为番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)塑料大棚春茬栽培中整枝技术的改进提供依据。[方法]采用随机区组设计,设改良式单干整枝法和双干整枝法2个处理,以传统单干整枝法为对照,通过对比及方差分析研究了不同整枝方式对番茄植株株高、茎粗和叶片数及产量的影响。[结果]改良式单干整枝番茄在早期产量、总产量、果实品质方面均明显高于双干整枝和单干整枝。[结论]在番茄塑料大棚春茬栽培中可改传统的单干整枝法为改良单干整枝,从而提高番茄产量,增加效益。     

YS-3PT321型培土机的改进设计与试验研究

为了解决3PT320型培土机存在的问题,提升机械作业性能,更好地满足培土作业要求,对3PT320型培土机进行了改进,研制了YS-3PT321型培土机。通过性能检测和验证试验,证明该机各项性能指标达到设计要求且符合烟草农艺需求;与3PT320型相比,机身减小,重量减轻24 kg,可进行正转或反转培土作业,且通过能力显著增强,操作灵活轻便;生产效率达0.108 7 hm2/h,是手工培土的11.3～14.1倍,比3PT320型极显著提高了生产效率,且降低劳动强度和作业成本,同时增加了前置或后置水田旋耕作业功能。     

大棚和露地栽培条件下梨果实发育特性的差异

以‘翠冠’和‘黄冠’梨为试材,分析比较了大棚和露地栽培条件下梨果实生长发育特性的差异。结果表明:大棚栽培的‘翠冠’和‘黄冠’梨果实生长发育期分别比露地栽培的长5 d和13 d,果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和单果质量均高于露地栽培的,且成熟果实纵横径比露地果实的大,果实细胞大小与果实大小变化一致。大棚栽培条件下,‘翠冠’和‘黄冠’果实不同发育时期的可溶性总糖、果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量均高于露地栽培的;果实总酚含量较低,仅为露地栽培的54.8%和66.4%,总抗氧化活性的变化与总酚含量一致。大棚栽培条件下‘翠冠’和‘黄冠’果实硬度分别比露地栽培的低14.9%和13.7%。而大棚栽培的‘翠冠’和‘黄冠’梨维生素C含量比露地栽培的低。表明大棚栽培条件下的梨果实品质优于露地栽培条件下的。     

基于数字样机技术的苹果苗切根机设计

根据苹果苗木繁育作业技术要求,对矮化中间砧半成品苹果苗进行切根工序实现机械作业。通过AIP设计软件对苹果苗切根机进行机架、切根铲部装、悬挂装置、限深轮部装等数字化建模设计,实现整机数字样机设计。可在样机加工前进行预组装,提前发现加工、装配中可能出现的问题,为样机后续加工、装配、检验等作业提供了技术保证,缩短了设计周期,降低了生产成本。样机经实际作业试验验证了其机具性能达到了设计要求。     

Degradation of Geogrids under Cyclic Tensile Load

The degradation characteristics of geogrids have important influence on the stability of reinforced embankments and retaining walls. A series of unidirectional cyclic load-extension tests under stress control were carried out on plastic geogrids. The influence of cyclic tension, pretension and load frequencies on strain and degradation characteristics of geogrids was studied. It is observed that, with the increase of cyclic tension and pretension and the decrease of load frequencies, the accumulative plastic strain and degradation index of geogrids increase, and the stiffness of geogrids decreases. Based on experimental data, the empirical equation for softening of geogrids was proposed. A modified Iwan model was put forward to describe the stress-strain relationship of the geogrids subjected to cyclic tensile load. The proposed model was proved to be reasonable by comparing the experimental data with the numerical results.     

Design of nondestructive test system for plasma clots

One of the most important measures that are used to guarantee blood transfusion safety is to detect clots in the plasma before transfusion. To overcome the disadvantages of manual detection method, this research designs a nondestructive testing (NDT) system for plasma clots inspection based on machine vision technique and artificial neural networks. The key technology for system design are studied and presented. Image acquisition is performed by custom-designed software based on MATLAB platform, and the methods of image cut, reverse color, median filter as well as gray cutting are adopted to preprocess image. The use of fisher discrimination method, combined with iterative threshold segmentation method and the selection of connected domain, can successfully eliminate the interference of air bubble and correctly extract the image of plasma clots. Plasma clots are discriminated by a recognition model based on artificial neural network BP algorithms. The results of clinical contrast experiment shows that the system can effectively detect whether plasma contains plasma clots and the new system shows a much higher degree of repeatability and stability. From the image acquisition and processing to the recognition of plasma clots, the detecting time of a sample is no more than 1 min.     

Numerical simulation of influence for the process parameters on multi-roll flexible stretch forming

Multi-roll stretch forming (MRSF) process is a new flexible process. Through extensive numerical simulations of the MRSF process, it is found that the smaller the distance between die and rollers is, the more easily the shape can be formed, and the better the quality of formed part can be. However, the distance between clamps and rollers has little effect on the formed parts. The corresponding stretch forming experiment has been done and the results show that the simulation trend is consistent with the experimental results.     

不同采收时期吴茱萸果实活性成分变化研究

采用HPLC法同时精密测定江西省吴茱萸规范化种植基地的吴茱萸果实在不同采收时期果实内吴茱萸内酯、吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱3种有效成分含量。结果表明:吴茱萸果实中吴茱萸内酯、吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱的含量在不同采收时期存在较大差异,呈现出在采收初期含量快速增加,随后开始逐渐降低的变化规律。确定江西省吴茱萸果实的最佳采收期为8月初。