惠州市中心城区道路绿地植物群落特征及配置模式研究

以惠州市惠城区主要道路两旁道路绿地作为研究对象,通过样方法对植物群落进行了调查,总结了城市道路绿地植物群落的生长发育规律和总体特征,对所形成的植物群落进行了综合评价分析,进而对道路绿地植物配置提出了相关建议和优化模式,为今后建设城市道路绿地提供科学的理论指导。     

祁连山保护区东端气象因子与针阔混交林火险等级相关性分析

通过对祁连山保护区东端针阔混交林可燃物含水率与气象因子关系分析,采用统计回归法,建立了针阔混交林可燃物含水率与气象要素关系模型,以针阔混交林死体可燃物引燃含水率为基准,结合燃烧实验,确定了祁连山保护区东端针阔混交林森林火险等级对应的气象因子,结果表明:森林可燃物含水率模型模拟效果较好,引入森林可燃物含水率气象预测模型可提高森林火险气象指数模型的应用效果,为祁连山保护区东端针阔混交林火灾预测预防提供了科学依据。     

Comparison of temporal and spatial changes in three major tropical forests based on MODIS data

Numerous studies have shown that intact tropical forests account for half of the total terrestrial sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide.Here,we analyzed and compared changes in three main tropical forest regions from 2000 to 2014,based on time-series analysis and landscape metrics derived from moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer data.We examined spatialpattern changes in percentage of tree cover and net primary production(NPP)for three tropical forest regions—Amazon basin,Congo basin,and Southeast Asia.The results show that:the Amazon basin region had the largest tropical forest area and total NPP and a better continuity of TC distribution;the Southeast Asia region exhibited a sharp decrease in NPP and had comparatively separate spatial patterns of both TC and NPP;and the Congo basin region exhibited a dramatic increase in NPP and had better aggregation of forest NPP distribution.Results also show that aggregative patterns likely correlate with high NPP values.     

珍贵树种林下套种广东紫珠的密度效应研究

为了评价珍贵树种人工林下不同套种密度对广东紫珠 Callicarpa kwangtungensis 生长的影响, 于 7 a 生降香黄檀 Dalbergia odorifera- 檀香 Santalum album 混交林下设置 3 个密度处理种植广东紫珠,即 在行间套种 1 行、2 行、3 行,株距为 0.8 m,分别于定植后 6、12 和 18 个月调查其地径、树高和生物 量。结果表明：3 个套种密度处理间广东紫珠地径差异不显著 (P ≥ 0.05),而高生长在各时间段均差异显 著 (P ＜ 0.05),单株生物量差异极显著 (P ＜ 0.01),表现出随密度增加而升高的趋势。本研究筛选出降香 黄檀 - 檀香混交林下套种广东紫珠的适宜密度为行间栽种 3 行 (12 500 株 · hm-2),6 个月收获 1 次,每年 可采收广东紫珠 1 479.08 kg · hm-2( 鲜重 ),收入可达 5 916.33 元 · hm-2,可显著增加林农短期收益,为珍 贵树种规模发展提供了一种实用可行的经营模式。     

The use of artificial nest boxes by Siberian flying squirrels (Pteromys volans) in South Korea

In this study, we examined the use of artificial nest boxes by Siberian flying squirrels (Pteromys volans) in three coniferous and mixed forests in Gangwon Province, South Korea. Six hundred and twelve boxes with different sized entry holes (ranging from 3 to 7 cm in diameter) were placed in the forests between 2004 and 2009. Pteromys volans used nine boxes in the coniferous forests and two boxes in the mixed forests. The squirrels only used boxes with entrance holes measuring 3.5, 4, and 5 cm in diameter, showing a strong and moderate preference for boxes with 5 and 4-cm holes, respectively, and a strong avoidance for boxes with 3- and 7-cm holes. Therefore, we suggest placing artificial nest boxes with entrance holes 5 cm in diameter to encourage breeding activity. Most nests made in the artificial boxes were composed of fibrous materials from woody vines. We recommend placing artificial nest boxes with holes of 5-cm diameter in coniferous forests, which support dense populations of P. volans, to survey whether this approach would positively affect the breeding habits and population maintenance of this species.     

Plant communities, species diversity, richness, and regeneration of a traditionally managed coastal forest, Kenya

The Kenyan coastal forests make up one of the World 25 Biodiversity Hotspots. They consist of over 140 fragments (the majority with areas less than 0.5 km²) of the once extensive Zanzibar-Inhambane lowland moist forest. The over 60 known Mijikenda sacred Kaya forests and groves scattered along the coastal hinterland form the greater part of this ecosystem. The forests are of biological and cultural significance, and this has been recognized nationally and internationally, with some now listed as World Heritage Sites. The forests are protected by councils of Kaya elders who regulate use of their resources. Increasing human population and subsequent rise in demand for forest products and land for settlement has put a strain on these relic forests. Farm encroachment and extraction of forest products in different Kaya forests have affected the vegetation ecology at varying levels. This study investigated the spatial species distribution, association and regeneration potential of commonly utilized plants in one of these traditionally managed ecosystems. A modified nested plot method was used to collect data in the field.Using TWINSPAN multivariate, and indicator species analysis, two plant communities (Asteranthe and Bridelia) and an undifferentiated vegetation type were identified. Species association in Asteranthe consisted largely of forest dependant species, with a significant presence of woody climbers. It was comprised of two sub-communities namely Manilkara and Scorodophloeos. In contrast the second plant community, Bridelia, was dominated by light demanding species. It comprised one sub-community (Catunaregam) and a seral stage (Keetia). The species diversity and richness was higher in the Asteranthe community compared to Bridelia. Some of the forest species commonly utilized by the local people were observed to regenerate both in open and closed forest habitats while others had seedling recruitment confined to closed forest.Despite some coastal forests showing physiognomic similarity, detailed study shows intra-variation linked to topography, exposition, type and intensity of human perturbation both currently and in the distant past. Clearly, vegetation patterns of coastal forests of eastern Africa change at fairly short intervals.Recruitment of forest specialists is likely to decline if closed forests are opened up by farm encroachment, however their less specialized counterparts can pioneer in re-colonization of disturbed sites if conservation is strengthened. There is need to invigorate traditional management systems of forests with cultural significance by recognizing and giving increased legal mandates to the local custodians.     

Worlding aspirations and resilient futures: Framings of risk and contemporary city‐making in Metro Cebu,the Philippines

In the Philippines, calls for creating ‘global’, ‘sustainable’ and ‘resilient’ cities are placing urban poor communities in increasingly precarious positions. These communities have long been the targets of urban development and ‘modernisation’ efforts; more recently the erasure of informal settlements from Philippine cities is being bolstered at the behest of climate change adaptation and disaster risk management (DRM) agendas. In Metro Cebu, flood management has been at the heart of DRM and broader urban development discussions, and is serving as justification for the demolition and displacement of informal settler communities in areas classed as ‘danger zones’. Using Kusno's (2010) interpretation of the ‘exemplary centre’ as a point of departure, this paper interrogates the relationship between DRM, worlding aspirations (Roy and Ong, 2011) and market‐oriented urbanisation in Cebu, and considers the socio‐spatial implications of these intersecting processes for urban poor communities. Through analysing the contradictions inherent in framings of certain bodies and spaces as being ‘of risk’ or ‘at risk’ over others, I argue that the epistemologies of modernity, disaster risk and resilience endorsed and propagated by the state are facilitating processes of displacement and dispossession that serve elite commercial interests under the auspices of disaster resilience and pro‐poor development.     

谈鹤北林业局重点天然林保护技术

本文介绍了鹤北林区森林资源现状 ,讨论了重点天然林类型的划分 ,提出了鹤北林区实现天然林保护的措施和方法。     

Plantation Forests for Sustainable Wood Supply and Development in China

With the implementation of Natural Forests Protection Program, wood resource base in China is shifting from naturally grown forests to plantation forests. This paper reviews: 1) The evolution of Chinese decade-long reforestation program and its contribution to sustainable wood supply and development, and 2) impacts of "China's Natural Forest Protection Program and " Fast-Growing and High-Yield Plantation Program in China " on China's wood supply and sustainability. In addition, this paper highlights Chinese national researches on the integrated intensive management and utilization of the plantation resource.     

城市滨海绿地景观植物种类配置影响因素分析

以海滨景观为依托的旅游城市在城市滨海区绿地建设中普遍存在绿化植物单一、植物的选择与配置不协调以及绿化系统生态脆弱的问题。在城市滨海区绿地景观植物种类选择和配置时必须考虑自然环境、生态原理、功能分区性质、空间形态等的影响因素。