Chromosome Locations of Additional Barley Enzyme Loci Identified Using Wheat-Barley Addition Lines

Disomic wheat-barley addition lines carrying a full hexaploid set of chromosomes of the wheat cultivar Chinese Spring, plus a pair of either chromosome 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 7 from the barley cultivar Betzes, were assayed electrophoretically. Comparisons of zymograms of each addition line with the Chinese Spring wheat and Betzes barky parents of the addition lines gave direct (presumptive in the case of chromosome 5) evidence of the chromosomal locations of nine enzyme loci which have been useful genetic markers in studies of the population genetics, ecogeneties and breeding of barley. Previously reported chromosome locations of several loci were confirmed and evidence was presented for the existence and probable chromosome locations for additional enzyme loci.     

Growth stimulation of juvenile abalone <Emphasis Type="Italic">Haliotis discus hannai</Emphasis> by feeding with salmon growth hormone in sodium alginate gel

We examined the ability of salmon growth hormone (sGH) in sodium alginate (SA) gel to accelerate the somatic growth of juvenile abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, by feeding. After the feeding of sGH at 50 μg or 100 μg in 350 mg SA gel, immunoreactivity to sGH in body fluid was maximal after 12 h, and was still detectable at 24 h. No immunoreactivity was observed in the control group. Following the feeding of sGH at 0.5 mg or 5 mg/8 g of SA gel at 7- and 14-day intervals, there was a greater increase in shell length and body weight than in the control. In abalone, sGH can be transported from food into the circulatory system and subsequently improve somatic growth.     

胎次对泌乳初期奶牛低丰度乳蛋白表达的影响

采用二维凝胶电泳结合液相色谱串联质谱的方法分析了第一胎和第三胎奶牛,产后第1天和第21天乳蛋白表达的差异.结果表明,与初产奶牛第1天乳蛋白表达模式相比,第三胎奶牛第1天的乳蛋白表达图谱上有4个蛋白表达量上调;而两个胎次第21天乳蛋白的表达模式无差异.这些差异表达蛋白包括具有免疫活性的免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、乳铁蛋白...     

Proteomic Analysis of Wheat Seed in Response to Drought Stress

Drought stress is one of the major factors affecting in wheat yield and grain quality. In order to investigate how drought stress might influence wheat quality during grain filling, three wheat cultivars Gaocheng 8901, Jagger and Nongda 3406 were subjected to drought stress during the grain filling stage. Neither globulin and glutenin, nor the relative percentage ofamylose significantly changed following drought treatments, whereas albumin and gliadin concentrations did. The SDS-sedimentation, which has a strong linear correlation with wheat baking quality was markedly decreased following drought stress. These results indicated that drought had an adverse effect on wheat qualit3,. In order to investigate the protein complexes in the wheat flour, the data from native PAGE and SDS-PAGE were combined and a total of 14 spots were successfully identified, and of these eight protein types were determined to be potential complex forming proteins.     

鳖甲胶原蛋白酶解物的分离纯化及体外抗氧化性研究

为建立中华鳖背甲中胶原蛋白酶解物(CH)的制备条件,并明确其体外抗氧化活性,本研究采用单因素试验探讨鳖甲胶原蛋白酶解物的分离条件。结果表明,其最佳提取工艺参数:胃蛋白酶添加量4 000 U·g^-1、pH值2.5、酶解温度35℃。通过透析纯化后获得体外抗氧化活性最好的组分为分子量<50 kDa的样品。该样品经Sephadex G-75凝胶色谱分离纯化得到2个组分,其中GP-2组分对O₂^-·、OH·和DPPH·3种自由基清除能力最强;之后对GP-2组分进行离子交换层析分离同样获得2个组分,其中P1组分体外抗氧化活性高于GP-2,其对DPPH·、OH·、O₂^-·清除率分别为81.67%、65.45%和6.78%。经SDS-PAGE电泳确定P1组分的分子量约40 kDa。本研究结果为鳖甲的开发利用及鳖源新型抗氧化物质的研发提供了一定的理论基础。     

SOD对紫外辐射受损的苏云金芽孢杆菌作用的研究

探讨了超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)等自由基清除剂对苏云金芽孢杆菌紫外辐射的影响。结果表明 ,SOD、绞股蓝皂甙等自由基清除剂能够明显地提高紫外辐射损伤细胞的存活率 ,并且SOD的保护作用表现为防护与恢复两种不同的作用。又通过细胞电泳与琼脂糖凝胶电泳发现紫外辐射后其细胞膜及质粒DNA均受到了明显的损伤 ;SOD对细胞膜损伤有一定的恢复作用 ,而对DNA不表现恢复效应。由此认为 :紫外线对细胞膜及DNA均有损伤 ,SOD恢复作用的主要部位在细胞膜而不是DNA分子。为进一步确定SOD的作用以及利用自由基清除剂制备高效的Bt农药提供了理论基础。     

龙眼胚性培养物高分辨率蛋白质双向电泳技术

试验以龙眼胚性培养物为材料,通过对小型垂直板双向电泳和固相pH梯度凝胶双向电泳比较分析,进行龙眼胚性培养物高分辨率蛋白质双向电泳技术方法的研究.结果表明,采用固相pH梯度凝胶双向电泳可以极大地提高分辨率,相同龙眼胚性培养物的蛋白样品染色后所得的蛋白质谱点数从334左右增加到810左右;由于龙眼胚性培养物的蛋白等电点集中在3.5-7.0之间,采用13 cm的IPG胶条时,以pH 4-7的IPG胶条分离蛋白的效果佳.     

HPCE测定鱼体内孔雀石绿主要代谢物的残留

[目的]为加强孔雀石绿的管理和监控提供理论依据。[方法]采用高效毛细管电泳法(检测波长为265 nm),研究孔雀石绿在鲫鱼体内的主要代谢物隐性孔雀石绿的残留情况。[结果]不同浓度的隐性孔雀石绿标准品在0.062 5~1.000 0μg/ml范围内与相应的峰面积呈良好的线性关系,回归直线方程为:y=610.230x-23.345(R=0.9994)。加样回收率试验表明,隐性孔雀石绿的回收率为95%~102%。隐性孔雀石绿的保留时间为6.732 min,其在鱼体内的残留时间较长,呈非常平缓的下降趋势,不易消除,药浴30 d后隐性孔雀石绿的残留量为0.028μg/ml。[结论]高效毛细管电泳法检测鱼体内隐性孔雀石绿的残留具有消耗少、分离速度快、灵敏度高、重复性好等优点,且可以直接检测出隐性孔雀石绿。     

菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒DNA限制性内切酶图谱分析

采用“酶-SDS-酚”法提取的菜粉蝶(Pieris rapae)颗粒体病毒京农801株(PrGV-JN801)DNA,A260/A280=1.85,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳呈现一条带。三种限制性内切酶消化PrGV-JN 801 DNA,其结果分别为:Hind Ⅱ,12个片段;EcoR Ⅰ,15个片段;Bam HI,12个片段。三种酶切所得限制性片段累加分子量的平均值75.04×10~6道尔顿为PrGV-JN 801DNA的分子量。     

条锈菌侵染早期小麦叶片RNA和rRNA的合成

 采用示踪方法研究了条锈菌侵染早期小麦叶片的RNA和rRNA合成。结果表21h期间,表现不亲和性反应的叶片总RNA合成有所增加,而亲和性反应寄主叶片则低rRNA合成未受侵染影响。在接种后39~45h期间,只有呈亲和性反应的寄主叶片RNA和大幅度增加。对rRNA各组分合成的测定表明条锈菌侵染所影响的只是大分子量rRNA,胞质和叶绿体rRNA的合成也存在差别。文中讨论了上述变化的病理学意义。