复合化学制剂对郁金香花期生长和衰老的影响

开花前叶面喷施６－ＢＡ和ＫＨ２ＰＯ４为主要成分的复合化学制剂可以明显提高花朵鲜重,增加株高和花茎长度;在开花中后期能使叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质含量以及花瓣含水量维持较高水平;处理后花瓣中的ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ和ＰＯＤ３种保护酶活性明显高于对照,ＭＤＡ含量则相对较低。且花朵衰老过程中ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性变化与ＭＤＡ的累积呈显著负相关。     

杂种马褂木在杨凌地区的引种价值分析

对杨凌地区15年生杂种马褂木的生长情况、观赏性、健康状况等进行调查,以当地普遍栽植的同龄七叶树、栾树为对照,比较分析杂种马褂木的引种价值。结果表明：无特殊保护措施下杂种马褂木能够健壮生长,几乎无病虫害发生,无冻裂和日灼现象;在直径、树高生长量方面,该树种生长量最大,胸径生长速度也远大于栾树和七叶树;对3个树种的干形、冠形、枝形、叶形、花果形、生长整体一致性、抗污染能力等7个观赏指标综合评价结果显示,杂种马褂木得分最高。因此,杨凌乃至关中地区在未来的城乡绿化中可适当扩大杂种马褂木的栽植规模。     

杭州地区郁金香的鳞茎发育及碳水化合物代谢

在杭州地区连年观察郁金香Tulipa gesneriana自然栽培的生育期，发现4月下旬至5月的高温天气造成郁金香花后的鳞茎膨大期缩短，也是种球出现退化的主要原因。收获球总质量和更新鳞茎的单质量(低于10g)明显降低是郁金香种球退化的主要标志。测定郁金香鳞茎的碳水化合物总量变化表明，盛花期后更新鳞茎中的蔗糖与可溶性糖总量明显增加，叶枯期开始后淀粉迅速积累，尤其是外层鳞片是淀粉的主要贮藏部位。图3表2参6     

部分郁金香品种的花期延后栽培技术研究

为了研究郁金香花期延后的栽培方法,以10个郁金香品种为试验材料,分别研究不同生根发芽处理(箱栽露地生根+2~5℃发芽+0~2℃冷藏,露地生根、发芽+0~2℃冷藏,延迟2个月箱栽露地生根、发芽+0~2℃冷藏3种处理)、不同温度处理和光照处理对郁金香开花及生长发育的影响。结果表明,采用箱栽露地生根、发芽+0~2℃冷藏处理,郁金香花的质量相似而成本低,是西安地区"五一"花期延后的较佳栽培办法;根系长出箱底刚露芽时是抑制芽延伸的最佳时期,0~2℃是抑制芽生长的最佳温度,移出冷库后郁金香在11~26℃生长速度比10~32℃快;每日从10:00到15:00在树阴下接受7380~14670 lx的光照比在太阳下接受60600~117300 lx的光照更利于郁金香株高、叶柄和花梗的伸长。     

Starch content of freeze-dried anthers and α-amylase activity of their extracts as criteria that dry-stored bulbs (Tulipa gesneriana, L.) cultivar ‘Apeldoorn’ have been exposed to 5°C

Starch and sucrose were estimated selectively in freeze-dried anthers from tulip bulbs pre-cooled at 5°C for 12 weeks and from a control batch maintained at 17°C. α-Amylase activity in anther extracts was also estimated. Based on data from our own trials (1981, 1982 and 1983) and from 18 batches from typical bulb-producing regions in The Netherlands (year 1983), sucrose was discarded as indicator. The following tentative criteria are proposed for detecting whether dry bulbs cultivar ‘Apeldoorn’ have been exposed to 5°C: starch content of freeze-dried anthers should exceed 10% and specific activity of α-amylase should be below 0.16 (arbitrary unit per mg protein). These criteria are not indicative of the duration of the 5°C period.     

郁金香第二代种球栽培试验

我国目前引种的郁金香经第一代种植后，第二代种球由于普遍退化而未充分加以利用。通过栽培和应用，发现第二代郁金香在湖北荆州可露地栽培，且在园林及花卉装饰方面有一定的利用价值。     

Polyploidy in tulips (Tulipa L.). The occurrence of diploid gametes

Summary From data available in the literature and supplemented by information from private tulip breeders, it appeared that triploid and tetraploid varieties raised in the past, resulted from crosses between diploid tulips and between diploids and tetraploids. This can only be explained by the occurrence of diploid gametes in diploid (2n=24) cultivars. This phenomenon which may affect both female and male gametes, appears to be specific for certain varieties. Consequences for practical breeding are discussed.     

切花郁金香的生育特性与植物学性状及花期调控研究

采用不同方法对切花郁金香(小王子)进行处理对其生育特性和花期调控进行研究。结果表明:在江苏淮安地区切花郁金香表现优良,成花率达97%以上;不同处理的切花郁金香生育期差异较大,去皮和500 mg/kg九二○处理,可提早郁金香的花期。     

Determining levels of resistance to Tulip Breaking Virus (TBV) in tulip (Tulipa L.) cultivars

Summary The resistance of seven tulip cultivars to tulip breaking virus (TBV) was studied after mechanical inoculation by determining the number of infected plants and the level of virus in these plants over a period of one and a half years. Three cultivars (Apeldoorn, Kees Nelis and Lustige Witwe) appeared to be susceptible. Four cultivars (Cantata, Juan, Madame Lefeber and Princeps) showed a high degree of resistance. The number of infected plants of the latter cultivars was low and virus could not always be detected in the plants at the different sampling dates. Virus could not be detected in these plants after storage. These results indicate that the virus may disappear from or was not detectable in these plants. The levels of infection found are discussed with respect of its significance in studies of TBV in tulips.     

格尔木地区郁金香露地引种栽培

简要介绍郁金香的引种品种及其形态特征、生活习性,并通过对当地气候、土壤条件的分析,制定引种栽培的措施、方法;通过多年栽培,总结出实用的栽培管理技术,为郁金香的推广提供理论依据。