大豆黄酮对伊莎鸡卵泡发育及其P450arom基因表达的影响

实验探讨了大豆黄酮(DAI)对伊莎鸡卵泡发育及其芳香化酶(P450arom)mRNA表达的影响。实验选取16只产蛋后期伊莎鸡,等分为对照组和DAI处理组。对照组饲喂基础日粮,实验组在基础日粮中添加10 mg/kgDAI。实验持续7周后,分离排卵前卵泡(F1、F2、F3……)的颗粒层及小黄卵泡和大白卵泡,通过RT-PCR法检测P450arom mRNA表达的相对丰度。结果表明:DAI明显提高了伊莎鸡小黄卵泡和大白卵泡的数量,P450arommRNA在伊莎鸡不同发育阶段卵泡中的表达存在差异,部分卵泡P450arom mRNA表达的相对丰度显著增加。因此,在产蛋后期伊莎鸡基础日粮中添加DAI可增加不同发育阶段卵泡的数目,上调部分卵泡中与发育相关的基因表达以促进卵泡发育。     

关于西部草地资源大开发基本原则、途径与目标的探讨

生产，生活和生态的统一，增加投入。因地制宜与分类开发，掌握开发限度，是西部草地资源开发的基本原则。其开发的主要途径是生态功能。生产功能，后生物生产层的开发。要达到的目标则是高产品和好环境，草业生产的持续发展，人与自然的协调关系。     

青海省果洛州草地退化探析及畜牧业可持续发展策略

分析了果洛州草地退化的原因,指出了果洛州畜牧业可持续发展的策略。果洛州的草地退化是自然因素和人为因素综合作用的结果。人类活动和气候变化是导致果洛州草地退化、区域生态环境恶化的两大因素,鼠虫害起了促进作用。只有合理利用和保护天然草地、优化产业结构、使草地生态系统步入良性循环,才能使果洛州的草地畜牧业协调发展。     

华北驼绒藜种子发育期各器官间碳水化合物的再分配

对华北驼绒藜种子发育阶段的主要代谢“库”器官根、茎、果实进行了可溶性糖、淀粉和蔗糖酶的动态变化研究分析,确定其营养物质的流向及流量的大小,探索这一阶段碳水化合物的分配是否与种子低结实率有关。结果显示华北驼绒藜种子发育期间,根和茎中可溶性糖和淀粉的含量呈不断下降趋势,其中根中淀粉由盛花期到成熟期下降达48%,茎中下降幅度较小;同时这2个器官中蔗糖酶的活性也逐渐降低。果实中可溶性糖和淀粉含量呈逐渐递增的趋势,蔗糖酶活性也呈增大趋势。表明尽管根、茎通常是代谢的“库”器官,但在种子生长发育期间,根和茎转而成为 “源”器官,其大量同化物流向繁殖器官。但是从同化物的流量来看,多年生的华北驼绒藜根茎中同化物的输出比例远小于一年生的作物。     

海北州草业可持续发展调研

本文通过对海北州草业发展现状的调研,进一步分析了当前草业发展存在的问题和困难,提出了今后发展草业的思路和建议。     

Assessing Knowledge Production for Agrosilvopastoral Systems in South America

In recent decades agroforestry has undergone significant development in Latin America. South America generates the most scientific research on the topic in the region. We conducted a comprehensive review and analysis of knowledge production for South American agroforestry that includes livestock grazing, known as agrosilvopastoralism (AS), examining how different sociopolitical factors such as sources of funding, institutional priorities, and international cooperation can bias the direction and objectives of scientific research. We assessed the major attributes of scientific publications on the topic (25 articles per country; overall n = 210) and the potential factors underlying the processes of research and development in the region. The tree component was the most studied, while the livestock component received less attention. Studies were mainly focused on the production of goods and services (monetary or nonmonetary approaches), except in Brazil, where conservation was the major study objective. Stakeholders were involved in more than half of the studies (60%), and they were mostly ranchers and local producers. More than half (70%) of the studies offered recommendations based on their results, and such recommendations were mostly concerned with the management of agrosilvopastoral system components. In general, studies were led just as often by local as foreign first authors and coauthored by more than three people as part of interinstitutional working groups. Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Chile had more frequent cooperation among institutions and countries but mainly used their own funding. In contrast, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru had almost 100% of their studies supported by foreign countries (North America and Europe). Countries with greater internal funding of research generated more long-term studies. Besides this, two clear trends were detected: 1) conservation and social aspects were mainly supported by sources from external countries led by foreign principal investigators, and 2) production issues were supported from sources within countries and supported high levels of cooperation among institutions.     

绞股蓝的化学成分与药理作用研究进展

绞股蓝为葫芦科绞股蓝属植物,其主要药效成分为绞股蓝皂甙,具有广泛的药理作用,可以降低血脂、提高免疫力、抑制肿瘤、防止衰老、保护心脏和肝脏、降低血糖、镇静止痛及抗溃疡等.绞股蓝已被开发为产品大量用于药品、食品、饮料、保健茶和化妆品.文章介绍了近几年绞股蓝的研究情况,包括其主要成分、药理作用、应用现状以及开发前景,并对当前研究中存在的问题进行了探讨.     

浅谈我国养鹿业可持续发展的对策

针对我国养鹿业面临入世后的严峻挑战 ,基于国内和国际区域性养鹿业的现状和形势 ,从几方面扼要阐述了我国养鹿业可持续发展应采取的对策。     

新疆高羊茅种子发育生理生化变化的动态研究

在新疆塔里木农垦大学牧草试验站，对交战高羊茅种子发育过程中的生理生化变化进行了研究，结果表明，交战高羊茅种子发育过程中含水量是先慢后快阶段性下降，而种子干重则逐渐增加，种子在盛花期后22d达到生理成熟，含水量为52．29％，可溶性糖含量随种子发育成熟而逐渐降低，而淀粉含量则逐渐增加，但在发育后期它们含量变化有升降起伏，生长素和赤霉素含量变化总趋势是随着种子发育而降低，而脱落酸含量变化是先升后降。     

南阳牛IGF2基因第2外显子多态性及其与生长发育相关性研究

以126头纯种南阳黄牛为研究材料，利用PCR-RFLPs技术对胰岛素样生长因子2（IGF2）第2外显子的多态性及其与生长发育的相关性进行了分析。结果表明：南阳牛在该位点的遗传多态性丰富。检测到2种等位基因A和B，频率分别为0．6865和0．3135，A等位基因在群体中是优势等位基因；BB型个体的6、12、18、24月龄体斜长和胸围，12、18和24月龄的坐骨端宽，初生、6月龄和24月龄体重等体征性状显著地优于AA型；6月龄体斜长、12月龄的胸围、18月龄和24月龄坐骨端宽也显著优于杂合型。初步推断JGF2基因是非常有价值的辅助选择标记，可为南阳牛肉用型方向选择提供理论依据。