甲醛处理豆粕对蛋白质瘤胃降解及活体外瘤胃发酵的影响

通过尼龙袋试验和产气量试验研究甲醛处理大豆粕对瘤胃蛋白质降解率、产气量和活体外瘤胃发酵参数的影响。3个处理分别为对照组、处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅱ,其中处理Ⅰ、处理Ⅱ的甲醛添加量分别占大豆粕粗蛋白质(CP)0.6%和1.2%。研究结果表明:与对照组相比,处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅱ的干物质及蛋白质的降解率及降解速度显著下降(P<0.001),快速降解组分的比例和有效降解率显著下降,慢速降解组分比例显著提高(P<0.001),但两处理组之间干物质降解速度和蛋白质慢速降解组分比例均无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,处理Ⅰ与处理Ⅱ的72h产气量和理论最大产气量均显著升高(P<0.001),而产气速度显著降低(P<0.005);甲醛处理对活体外瘤胃72h发酵的pH值、NH3-N浓度没有显著影响(P>0.05),但发酵液中丙酸摩尔比例显著上升(P<0.05),从而导致乙酸/丙酸降低。两个处理组活体外24h发酵液中甲醛浓度分别为0.994μg/mL和0.370μg/mL;而72h发酵液中甲醛浓度分别为0.410μg/mL和0.141μg/mL。本试验结论:甲醛处理能有效降低蛋白质在瘤胃内的降解率,并改善活体外发酵参数,其中甲醛添加量以占0.6%CP的处理更为有效。     

畜禽养殖废水脱氮除磷研究进展

笔者介绍了SBR、上流式活性污泥床、fiehl prototype工艺等几种目前国内外较典型的集约化养殖场废水处理方法,比较了它们在脱氮除磷方面的优缺点及其应用和研究情况,简述了畜禽养殖废水脱氮除磷现状.最后对畜禽养殖废水脱氮除磷存在的问题进行了探讨,同时对其发展趋势进行了展望.     

规模化奶牛场粪污危害、处理及循环利用模式

随着我国奶牛养殖业发展规模的壮大,规模化奶牛场数量持续增加,但奶牛场粪污污染问题也日益凸显。本文结合自身工作经验,首先分析了规模化奶牛场粪污的危害性,然后从雨污分离、固液分离和干清粪工艺对规模化奶牛场粪污处理方式进行概述,最后从厌气（厌氧）发酵获得沼气、微生物发酵用作饲料和生产生物有机肥三种不同模式介绍模化奶牛场粪污的循环利用操作,以期为规模化奶牛场粪污高效利用提供借鉴。     

母牛不孕症的中西医结合治疗

通过采用中西医结合的办法,对张掖市百万头肉牛基地母牛不孕症开展治疗,取得显著效果。母牛不孕症发病率逐渐降低,为百万头肉牛基地可持续发展创造了有利条件。     

畜禽养殖废水处理方法研究与应用

文章阐述了畜禽养殖废水对养殖区域环境可产生的污染及危害,着重介绍了畜禽养殖废水的各种处理方法,包括生态还田、固液分离、固相吸附、化学氧化、自然处理系统、生物反应器以及多种方法组合的复合处理系统。     

The effect of phenothiazine on cobalt-deficient and cobalt-dosed lambs

The mean serum folate concentrations of Large White sows were compared between one group of 13 animals, 43–80 days pregnant and another group of 9 animals at weaning when the litters were 28–30 days old. The mean concentration was higher in sows at weaning (p<0.05) and the lowest levels were found in sows no more than 51 days pregnant (p<0.05).     

复合微生物菌剂在猪粪无害化处理中的应用

为了研究微生物菌剂对粪便恶臭组分及微生物菌群的影响,选取猪粪和玉米秸秆作为堆肥原料进行28 d的堆肥试验.试验分为5组,A、B和C组分别用玉米秸秆调节堆体水分为40％、50％和60％,D和E组不加玉米秸秆,A、B、C和D组分别接种微生物菌剂,E组不添加菌剂.结果 显示,B组堆体的高温持续时间最长,粪便腐熟效果最好.与E...     

斯氏线虫在进境原木害虫检疫处理上的应用前景

本文综述了我国进境原木上截获的主要害虫类群；总结了目前进境原木害虫的检疫处理技术；重点介绍了斯氏线虫Steinernema sp．对钻蛀性害虫的防治研究，探讨了斯氏线虫在进境原木害虫检疫处理上的应用前景，提出了应用斯氏线虫防治进境原木害虫所存在的问题及今后的研究方向。     

Effect of colostrum treated by heat on immunological parameters in newborn lambs

Seventeen newborn lambs were fed with untreated colostrum (group A) and 18 lambs were fed with colostrum treated by heat (56 °C, 30 min) (group B). Blood samples were obtained at seven time points from day 0 to 38 of life. Clinical status and body weight were recorded and serum protein fractions and IgG levels were determined in blood. Phagocytosis of neutrophils from the lambs and opsonic capacity of their serum were examined using a flow cytometry method. As an indicator of in vivo cellular immunity, reactions to intradermal injection of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were examined at 8 and 16 days of age. There were no clinical signs of disease and no significant differences in body weight between groups. Lambs from group B had lower total protein initially and lower γ-globulin and IgG levels until day 32 compared to lambs from group A (P < 0.01). Heat treatment of colostrum had no significant effect on serum opsonic capacity or phagocytosis by neutrophils and these functions increased with age. However, responses to PHA in lambs from group B were lower (P < 0.01) than group A at day 8 of life, but not at day 16, suggesting that cellular immunity was affected by the treatment of colostrum. These results showed that colostrum treated by heat impaired cellular and IgG levels in lambs, but not phagocytic function. However, these changes did not affect the health or performance of the lambs.     

白冠长尾雉等鸟类感染大肠杆菌的诊治

通过对患病白冠长尾雉、红腹锦鸡、褐马鸡等观赏鸟类临床观察、剖检,并结合病原微生物分离培养、革兰氏染色镜检以及生化试验鉴定,初步诊断为大肠杆菌病.本次病例表明,不同品种观赏鸟类间可以相互感染大肠杆菌病,通过对症治疗,可以有效控制病情.