棉花阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白基因的克隆、表达与染色体定位分析

陆地棉李氏超短纤维突变体(Li1li1)是显性单基因突变体,表现为茎秆、叶片卷曲,纤维短至6mm,其隐性纯合体(li1li1)则表现为株型和纤维发育都正常。对开花后10d的李氏纤维发育正常材料(li1li1)和超短纤维突变体(Li1li1)胚珠纤维混合体进行mRNA差异显示反转录PCR(DDRT-PCR)分析,获得1条在李氏纤维发育正常材料中上调表达的差异片段。进一步通过5'RACE技术获得全长为621bp的cDNA,测序及DNA序列的生物信息学分析表明该cDNA片段与拟南芥编码阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白基因AGP14有52%相似性,故命名为GhAGP。表达特征分析表明,该基因在陆地棉根、茎、叶和纤维中组成性表达,在棉纤维中优势表达。基因组序列分析显示,该基因在二倍体棉种非洲棉和雷蒙德氏棉中各有1个拷贝,在四倍体棉种陆地棉TM-1和海岛棉海7124中分别存在2个拷贝,表明A、D亚组中各有1个拷贝。利用本实验室陆地棉遗传标准系TM-1和海岛棉海7124培育的含140个单株的BC1作图群体,将GhAGP基因的2个拷贝分别定位在四倍体棉花部分同源转化群染色体6和染色体25上。     

Evaluation of visible implant elastomer tags for pathogenesis research in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Two different colours (red and green) of visible implant elastomer (VIE) were used in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The visibility, location and retention of the VIE tags was investigated and any adverse effects on fish survival and growth determined. The use of VIE tags for monitoring individual fish during a bacterial challenge with either Streptococcus agalactiae or S. iniae was also studied. The results showed that VIE treated fish were lighter but not shorter than the non‐tagged control fish and that tagging caused no mortality. The retention of tags was better at the base of pectoral fin followed by the nasal area, lower abdomen, upper abdomen and branchiostegal rays inside the operculum. During the bacterial challenge experiment individual animals could be easily identified using the VIE tags. In this preliminary study, VIE tagging appears suitable for Nile tilapia research, as with other fish species, and could be a novel method to identify individual animals during microbial pathogenesis studies.     

piggyBac转座子应用研究进展

piggyBac转座子是来源于鳞翅目昆虫粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)的DNA型转座子。目前piggyBac转座子已成为在昆虫中应用最广泛的转座子之一。近年来国内外研究者更将其应用领域拓宽到了鱼类,寄生虫和哺乳动物等转基因研究中。随着对piggyBac转座子功能和分布的深入认识,piggyBac转座子将更多应用于基因功能研究,基因治疗,转座子介导的细胞系基因诱变及基因工程蛋白表达等基础研究和应用研究中。     

表达短ie-1 dsRNA的转化细胞对家蚕核型多角体病毒的抑制作用

为了利用RNAi技术提高家蚕对核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)的抗性,根据BmNPV复制必需基因ie-1设计其相应的dsRNA,构建带有ie-1 dsRNA表达盒的转基因载体piggyantiIE-Neo,结果显示:表达短ie-1 dsRNA的稳定转化Bm细胞,对BmNPV的增殖表现出抑制作用,但在病毒感染后期,由于病毒恢复增殖导致RNAi的效果被掩盖。通过反向PCR分析外源DNA片段插入基因组位点,结果显示:在转化细胞中,外源DNA可通过随机整合或按照piggyBac特定的转座位点TTAA插入细胞基因组。     

A3启动子缺陷piggyBac转座子在家蚕中的转基因研究

构建了A3启动子缺陷piggyBac转座质粒,以增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因EGFP为标记基因对家蚕品种N is-tari进行转基因实验,发现其具有较高的表达EGFP的转化效率,G0代中EGFP阳性蛾区检出占总注射蚕卵的比率达0.618%,且EGFP的表达呈组织特异性。PCR实验分析也证实了标记基因的成功导入。该实验中标记基因及转基因阳性个体均易于检出,为启动子缺陷转基因方法在家蚕组织特异性启动子筛选研究上的应用奠定了基础。     

玉米Mu转座因子及其应用

Mu因子是玉米中的一类新型转座因子。本文介绍了Mu因子的发现、分布和类型，对Mu因子的基本遗传特征（突变类型、突变频率、插入专一性、靶位点等）和Mu因子活性的调控（生长发育调控、后生遗传调控）进行了综述，重点论述了Mu活性的调控和应用Mu因子进行玉米插入诱变和基因标签的研究进展。     

Movement of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, in a regulated lowland Australian river: implications for management

Abstract  Introduced common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., is the most abundant large fish in the Murray-Darling Basin and past studies have considered it non-migratory. Movement information is, however, important for targeting control efforts to appropriate habitats and spatial scales. Movement patterns of common carp in the Murray River were investigated between November 1999 and August 2001. In total, 3337 common carp were boat electric fished and externally tagged. Of the 293 (8.8%) fish recaptured, up to 1898 days later, the majority (80%) moved <5 km. However, over 7% of the tagged population moved ≥100 km, and the maximum distance was 890 km. Intermediate-sized males moved the greatest distances, usually downstream. Conversely, females and larger males remained close to floodplain spawning areas. For improved management, there is a need to recognise different movement strategies within common carp populations.     

PiggyBac转座元件的构建及其在团头鲂基因组中的转基因效率

鳞翅目昆虫粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)的PiggyBac(PB)转座子已用于模式生物小鼠的转基因及插入诱变研究,目前,该转座子在养殖鱼类中的转基因效率如何还不清楚。构建了带PiggyBac转座子左臂、右臂、EF1α启动子和绿色荧光蛋白(eGFP)编码框的pPBs-EF1α-eGFP供体质粒。以50 ng/μL供体质粒和100 ng/μL体外转录的PB转座酶mRNA共同显微注射入团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)1~2细胞期受精卵中,团头鲂eGFP的荧光表达率可达58.26%,PCR检测结果显示,该转座系统在团头鲂成鱼基因组中的整合效率为53.04%。表明PiggyBac转座子可高效介导基因在团头鲂基因组中的插入,为进一步开展团头鲂插入诱变研究奠定了基础。     

水稻长穗颈高秆隐性基因eui2的分子标记和定位

以协青早eB-2和矮脚南特杂交的F3为分析群体,用AFLP分子标记技术及BSA分析方法筛选出4个多态性片段E1、E2、E3和E4与eui2连锁,其中E1被定位于第10染色体长臂中部RFLP标记G291和G2155之间,与G291相距4.7cM,与G2155相距13.1cM.用SSR标记RM304、RM258、RM269、RM271和E1构建的eui2基因的局部分子标记连锁图表明,eui2基因位于分子标记E1和RM304之间,二者距eui2的遗传距离分别为0.6和1.4cM.     

ZB transposon and chicken vasa homologue (Cvh) promoter interact to increase transfection efficiency of primordial germ cells in vivo

ABSTRACT

1. In order to increase the efficiency of generating transgenic chicken, this trial focused on two points: primordial germ cells (PGCs）transfection in vivo and a germline-specific promoter.

2. In order to transfect PGCs in vivo, two plasmids (pZB-CAG-GFP, pCMV-ZB）were co-injected into chicken embryos via the subgerminal cavity at Hamburger and Hamilton (HH) stage 2–3 or via blood vessel at HH stage 13–14. Results showed that the percentage of GFP+ embryos, viability and hatching rate of embryos injected at HH stage 13–14 were significantly higher than that at HH stage 2–3.

3. Two plasmid transposon systems were used for chicken embryo micro-injections. The donor plasmid, with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene, was mediated by the ZB transposon. The helper plasmid was a transposase expression vector driven by the promoter of the chicken vasa homologue (Cvh) gene or Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. Results showed that 60.98% of gonads in Cvh group expressed GFP, which was 52.50% higher than seen in the CMV group. Only gonad tissue from the Cvh group showed any GFP signal, whereas both gonads and other tissues in the CMV group showed green fluorescence.

4. The data suggested that ZB transposon-mediated gene transfer was efficient for transfecting PGCs in vivo; the Cvh promoter drove the transposase gene specifically in the germline and increased the efficiency of germline transmission. Blood vessels injection at HH stage 13–14 may be a more efficient route for PGCs transfection in vivo.