建立密植高产桑园的桑压条苗甲醛处理法

为了改造低产桑园、建立密植高产桑园,研究建立了提高压条苗生产效率的压条苗甲醛处理法,研究结果表明压条苗甲醛处理的生根数比环割处理增加130%,比非环割增加190%;压条苗甲醛处理的新根的生长比环割处理高1.5倍,比非环割处理高1.3倍;成苗率也是压条苗甲醛处理最好。该方法是一种高效成苗的方法。     

嘉兴平原桑园土壤分类及肥力的调查

选择浙北嘉兴平原桑园代表性土壤，进行调查，研究其成因、分类及特性，并对高低产桑园土壤的理化性状进行化验分析，明确了嘉兴平原桑园土壤是历史上由人工堆迭而成，在分类系统上归属于潮湿土纲、正常潮湿土亚纲、潮土土类、暗潮土亚类、堆迭土土属，又分为粘质堆迭土、壤质堆迭土、粉质堆迭土３个土种。在统计众多土壤理化性状数据的基础上，暂拟本区高产桑园土壤１６项理化性状，作为本地区桑园地力建设的参考。     

基于玉米种植的生长育肥猪粪污农田承载力

本研究旨在以生长育肥猪和玉米种植农田为模型,准确评定生长育肥猪粪肥养分的产生量和不同施肥量下玉米的生物产量及养分需求量,以此为基础建立基于粪肥还田利用的玉米种植农田粪肥承载系数。试验选取8头13周龄胎次和体重（（33.2±3.5）kg）相近的"杜×长×大"生长育肥猪进行饲养试验,分别于16和25周龄各进行一次消化试验,测定其粪、尿产量及粪肥氮、磷产生量。玉米种植试验设6个处理组,对照组施用化肥,负对照组不施肥,4个试验组分别按玉米种植全期氮标准需要量的100%、130%、160%和磷标准需要量的100%施用猪粪有机肥,分别在乳熟后期和完熟期测定玉米种植的氮、磷需求量,与猪粪肥氮、磷产生量拟合,测算粪肥农田承载系数。结果表明,按130%氮需求量施用猪粪有机肥,一季玉米种植乳熟后期和完熟期收获,对氮、磷的需求量分别为122.1、53.0 kg·hm^-2和190.2、62.8 kg·hm^-2,按130%氮施肥量下乳熟后期和完熟期收获的玉米农田承载系数,以N为基础为61.1头·hm^-2和95.2头·hm^-2,以P为基础为90.5头·hm^-2和107.3头·hm^-2,而且施用猪粪有机肥还可增加玉米生物产量,一定程度上增加玉米中氮、磷含量。因此,分别基于玉米对氮和磷的需求,单季玉米种植每公顷土地生长育肥猪的承载参数分别为95.2头和107.3头。     

Distribution and Genotypic Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Poultry in Split and Dalmatia County,Croatia

Consumption of poultry contaminated with Campylobacter jejuni has been recognized worldwide as the leading cause of campylobacteriosis. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence and genotype diversity of Campylobacter jejuni in poultry meat intended for consumption in Split and Dalmatia County, which is the second biggest County in Croatia. Furthermore, we also wanted to discover possibly stable clones of C. jejuni appearing in different samples and periods of time, which would indicate their ability to persist in or adapt to poultry. In the period from March 2008 until June 2010, 834 samples of poultry from various sources were examined using a surface swab technique. Isolation of C. jejuni was performed by Preston broth and Karmali agar. Identification of the isolates was carried out using biochemical tests. C. jejuni was found in 84 of 574 chicken samples (14.6%) and in nine of 260 samples of turkey (3.5%). Pulse‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to analyse 61 obtained isolates using SmaI and KpnI. Of 22 different macrorestriction profiles (MRP) that were found, five were detected in poultry from both different locations and periods of time. Samples from 11 locations were found to be contaminated with more than two different genotypes of C. jejuni. Interestingly, the same MRP were found both in poultry declared to be of domestic origin and in the poultry imported from abroad. The prevalence of C. jejuni in poultry samples was in accordance with previously reported results. Genotypic analysis indicated that the population of C. jejuni in Split and Dalmatia County was diverse and that multiple strains of C. jejuni could be found in the same poultry samples. Furthermore, the same genotypes were identified from the samples obtained from different locations and periods of time, which could support the theory of a global existence of certain MRP that are able to persist in or adapt to poultry.     

贵阳市高尔夫俱乐部草坪基地建植与管理

通过贵阳市高尔夫球场草皮基地的建植和养护管理 ,从中总结了过渡气候带建植草坪应注意的一些问题。根据所建草坪的功能 ,选择相适应的草种应用于高尔夫球场。并对其适应性进行了研究     

冬季种养结合对稻田土壤微生物量及有效碳氮库的影响

以双季稻冬闲田种植绿肥与养鸡结合的新型种养制度为平台,通过冬季绿肥和鸡粪还田,减少水稻生育期化肥用量,探讨“冬季绿肥-双季稻”轮作种植制度和“冬季种养结合-双季稻”种养制度下对稻田土壤微生物碳、氮和可溶性有机碳、氮的影响。试验包括5个处理,分别为冬闲(F)、冬季种植黑麦草(R)、冬季种植紫云英(M)、冬季种植黑麦草与养鸡结合(RC)以及冬季种植紫云英与养鸡结合(MC)。结果表明,在整个试验的动态过程中,微生物量碳、氮及可溶性有机碳、氮含量高低总体趋势表现为绿肥养鸡>绿肥>冬闲,各处理间差异显著(P<0.05);“冬季种养结合-双季稻”种养制度能显著提高土壤微生物量碳、氮和可溶性有机碳、氮。各处理微生物量碳、氮和可溶性有机氮在3月24日达到最大值,RC、MC、R和M处理微生物量碳最大值分别为492.22,464.91,432.34和435.48 mg/kg;微生物量氮的最大值分别为118.20,101.03,70.13和85.46 mg/kg;可溶性有机氮的最大值分别为1001.47,926.21,832.80和870.75 mg/kg;可溶性有机碳在早稻苗期达到最大值,RC、MC、R和M最大值分别为278.95,266.40,246.13和249.84 mg/kg。微生物量碳含量的高峰在早稻移栽初期、晚稻孕穗期和灌浆期,微生物量氮的高峰出现在早稻分蘖期、齐穗灌浆期和晚稻孕穗期,可溶性有机碳在稻田养鸡及成鸡出栏后较高。与冬闲田种植绿肥和休闲相比,冬闲稻田种植绿肥结合养鸡对增加微生物生物量的贡献更大,并显著提高土壤的可溶性有机碳氮,间接反映了种养制度能提高土壤有机碳、氮的矿化速率和土壤的活性有机碳氮以及满足水稻生长期间自身养分需求。     

高温胁迫下冷季型草坪草的耐热性评价

对5个典型冷季型草坪草品种在海南进行耐热性试验.在大田高温胁迫环境下,草坪草热害症状最初表现为叶片发生萎蔫,生长率减缓或停滞,但其是否受害却最先反映在叶片灼伤率上,受害最终表现为草坪盖度和根系生长量的下降.叶片灼伤率是判断草坪草早期是否受到热伤害最敏感的指标.耐热性评价结果:Pacer高羊茅Festuc atundincea cv.Pacer＞Houndog高羊茅F.arundinacea cv.Houndog＞Merit草地早熟禾Poa pratensis cv.Merit＞Derby黑麦草Lolium pernne cv.Derby＞Cobra匍匐翦股颖Agrostis palustris cv.Cobra.28～36 ℃可认为是冷季型草坪草的临界受害温度区间,28～32 ℃为初始受害温度区间,32～36 ℃为致死温度区间.     

脉冲电场处理对鸡蛋蛋白液特性的影响

采用高压脉冲电场处理鸡蛋蛋白液,研究了不同场强处理对蛋白液功能性质的影响.结果显示,蛋液pH值和电导率与场强的变化成正比,随场强的增加都有增大的趋势,且均表现为不同处理强度间变化不大;变性温度受影响较小,几种处理的变性温度基本相同;而蛋液黏度、凝胶弹性与场强的关系不明显,受影响较小.     

关于我国《禁止生物武器公约》履约工作的思考

简要介绍了《禁止生物武器公约》产生背景、发展历史、主要内容、组织结构、履约方式及其在国际军控领域所起的作用以及我国兽医领域履约成效,对未来履约工作进行了深入思考,提出了加强组织建设、加快国家生物安全体系建设、加强国家生防能力建设、加大生物安全和科学家行为准则、职业道德宣传教育和强化生物安全监管合作与交流的建议。