混合溶剂提取杜仲籽油工艺研究

以杜仲籽为原料、环己烷和石油醚的混合溶液为提取溶剂,进行杜仲籽油提取工艺研究。对影响杜仲籽油提取得率的料液比、溶剂密度、提取温度、提取时间等单因素进行探讨,采用正交试验进一步对提取工艺进行优化。结果表明:提取杜仲籽油的最佳工艺为料液比1∶8(g/mL)、溶剂密度为0.754 g/cm3、提取温度60℃、提取时间60 min,在此条件下杜仲籽毛油提取得率为30.10%。     

中国东北山地区生态保护重要性评价——以本溪市为例

基于RS和GIS平台,应用单因子评价法和综合评价法,评价本溪市生态保护重要性,明确生态保护的重要区域,并从建设用地管制分区、交通水利建设等方面提出相应政策建议.结果表明,本溪市生态环境质量总体较好,水源涵养、防风固沙、生物多样性等功能相对完善,而土壤保持性功能需加强;由于矿产开采、建设利用等人为干扰,中心城区、本溪县东部和桓仁县西部的生态服务能力较低.     

通用小型四冲程汽油机排放性能

以168F型汽油机为例,引入排放物单工况分担率的概念,分析讨论了通用小型四冲程汽油机CO、HC、NOx排放物的生成特点。研究结果表明分担率能明确给出各工况的CO、HC、NOx排放值对整机比排放的影响,指出通用小型四冲程汽油机需在控制产品质量的前提下,通过优化汽油机整机与化油器的匹配,各工况点选用合适过量空气系数来优化燃烧过程,能够满足美国和欧洲现行第2阶段排放限值。     

稻瘟菌糖原合成酶激酶MoGSK3功能探究

【目的】观测稻瘟菌（Magnaporthe oryzae）糖原合成酶激酶基因MoGSK3敲除突变体表型,明确MoGSK3在稻瘟菌中的潜在生物学功能,为挖掘防治稻瘟菌新型药剂的潜在靶标提供参考。【方法】基于同源重组原理,用split-PCR方法获得稻瘟菌MoGSK3敲除突变体菌株,将MoGSK3基因克隆到pFL2载体上得到MoGSK3-C融合载体,并将其通过PEG介导的原生质体转化法导入MoGSK3突变体中得到回补菌株。培养观察野生型菌株Guy11、突变体菌株G3-9及回补菌株GC-1的菌落形态和生长状况,采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测稻瘟菌产孢相关基因的表达量;观察稻瘟菌不同菌株的分生孢子形态,通过附着胞洋葱表皮穿透试验及接种水稻叶片,研究其致病力;通过KI-I-2染色对野生型菌株Guy11及突变体菌株G3-9分生孢子和附着胞中的糖原运输能力进行观测。【结果】稻瘟菌MoGSK3突变体存在多个表型缺陷,与野生型菌株Guy11相比,MoGSK3突变体菌株G3-9菌落直径显著变小,生长缓慢,产孢相关基因表达量下降且分生孢子出现末端伸长畸形的状态。MoGSK3基因缺失还会导致稻瘟菌菌丝末端无法形成正常的分生孢子梗,附着胞无法穿透洋葱表皮形成侵染菌丝,接种划伤水稻叶片也无法形成褐色病斑。对MoGSK3突变体菌株G3-9分生孢子及附着胞进行糖原染色后发现,突变体菌株G3-9在糖原转运能力方面存在明显缺陷。【结论】MoGSK3基因参与稻瘟菌的生长、分生孢子形成及形态建成、侵染、糖原转运等过程,是稻瘟菌重要的毒力因子。     

转移因子纳米脂质体的制备及检测

为确定转移因子纳米脂质体的最佳制备工艺,以及保质期。本研究采用逆相蒸发法制备,以包封率为优化指标,正交试验优选最佳配方。电镜下观察形态,检测包封率、渗透率。结果确定最佳制备工艺:卵磷脂/胆固醇(摩尔比)为2:1,转移因子(TF)浓度为6mg/m l,吐温-80为1m l,有机相/水相(体积比)为4:1。电镜下大部分粒径小于100nm,分布均匀,包封率高达49.5%,四个半用后的渗透率为52.4%。优选工艺制备的转移因子纳米脂质体质量符合标准,具有一定的稳定性。     

Effects of bFGF on brain edema,nerve function injury and autophagy related protein in rats with traumatic brain injury

AIM:To study the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on brain edema, nerve function damage and autophagy related proteins in rats with head injury. METHODS:The rat model of craniocerebral injury (CI) was constructed. The rats were divided into control group, CI group, and low-, middle-and high-dose bFGF groups (n=10). The CI model was established in CI group, while the rats in control group were not given epidural impact. The rats in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose bFGF groups were given bFGF at 2, 4 and 6 μg, respectively, by intraperitoneal injection after 30 min. The neurological function in the rats was evaluated by improved neurological function scoring. The rat brain tissues were taken, and the water content was detected. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β in the brain tissue were measured by ELISA. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content was analyzed by thiobarbituric acid method. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was examined by WST-8 assay. The glutathine peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was detected by colorimetric method. The protein levels of autophagy related proteins LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1 in the brain tissues were determined by Western blot. RESULTS:The neurological function score was increased significantly of the rats in CI group. The rat model of craniocerebral injury was successfully constructed. Neurological function scores in the rats in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose bFGF groups were reduced, the water content of the brain tissue was also reduced (P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1 β were decreased in the brain tissues (P<0.05), the content of MDA was declined (P<0.05), the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were increased (P<0.05), the protein levels of LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1 were decreased, compared with the untreated rats in CI group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:bFGF improves the nerve function of the rats with craniocerebral injury, reduces the water content of the brain tissue, reduces the expression of autophagic protein LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1.The mechanism is related to the inhibition of inflammatory reaction and oxidative damage.     

粉壤土条件下影响地下滴灌灌水器流量的因素分析

分别选取灌水器工作压力、土壤容重和土壤初始含水率为因素,采取混合水平均匀设计安排试验,对各因素实测数据进行相关、回归和通径分析,利用通径系数直接评价和比较各试验因素对地下滴灌灌水器流量的影响程度.结果表明:工作压力对灌水器流量的直接通径系数最大,土壤初始含水率和土壤容重通过工作压力对灌水器流量的间接通径系数次之,其它直接或间接通径系数很小,剩余通径系数较小.这说明试验所选的三个因素可反映地下滴灌灌水器水力要素之间的关系,其中地下滴灌中工作压力是决定灌水器流量的主要因素,土壤初始含水率和土壤容重通过工作压力对灌水器流量的作用不可忽略.     

辐射花粉技术在西瓜单倍体培养中的应用

从基因型、辐射源及辐射量和授粉时间等方面详述了辐射花粉方法培育西瓜单倍体植株的主要影响因素,并全面分析了再生植株倍性鉴定的方法,为今后相关方面研究提供理论支持.     

水稻幼穗响应盐胁迫的转录组分析

盐胁迫是影响作物生长发育的重要环境因素之一.鉴定水稻耐盐新基因以及揭示其可能的机制并应用于新种质创制和新品种选育,是提高水稻耐盐性的重要途径之一.本研究以实验室自主选育的耐盐性不同的水稻品系58M和58L为材料,用0.6％NaCl处理0、6、24 h后收集水稻的幼穗,并进行转录组测序研究.结果发现,以0 h的幼穗为对照...