应用PCR技术检测HBsAg携带者血清中HBV DNA

应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术扩增38例 HBsAg 携带者和58例正常人血清中的HBV DNA 特异性片段,通过与 HBsAg 滴度及 HBV 血清标志物进行对比分析发现 HBV DNA 阳性率与 HBsAg 滴度呈正相关(r=0.981,p<0.005),与 HBeAg 减低,抗-HBe 产生以及其后的 e系统消失过程呈相应递减趋势。并且在单项抗-HBs 阳性的血清中,HBVDNA 检出率可达10%。     

甘薯抗赖氨酸及其类似物的个体筛选

以赖氨酸及其类似物处理甘薯萌动种子。筛选对赖氨酸及其类似物反应不敏感、能过量积累赖氨酸的个体.探讨了赖氨酸及其类似物对鲜薯蛋白质含量、总氨基酸含量和赖氨酸的改良效果,并初步研究了R_1,R_2和R_3的遗传表现.研究认为,赖氨酸及其类似物处理甘薯萌动种子可明显地提高后代鲜薯的总氨基酸和赖氨酸含量,且可通过无性繁殖加以固定.     

甘蓝型油菜白花基因的RAPD标记

以甘蓝型白花油菜及其分离群体为材料,对甘蓝型油菜白花性状的遗传规律进行了研究。结果表明,白花对黄花是一对由不完全显性基因(WW)控制的不完全显性遗传性状;利用集群分离法(BSA)对该白花基因进行RAPD分析,在1 200个随机引物中,获得了引物S1092(5-CCC AGG CTA C-3),在白花基因库和黄花基因库间扩增出多态性产物S-10921250;对该分离群体及其姊妹系和其他白花油菜进行的单株验证表明,S-10921250与甘蓝型油菜白花基因相连锁,遗传距离为0.84 cM。     

水稻抗条纹叶枯病基因Stvb-i的分子标记检测

为了能将与条纹叶枯病基因Stvb-i完全连锁的分子标记ST10用于分子标记辅助育种中,利用该标记检测了47份水稻材料,同时对材料进行了田间抗性调查。在5个亲本材料及7个育种中间材料中扩增出了ST10特异条带,这些材料田间表现高抗条纹叶枯病;4份高抗条纹叶枯病的材料中未扩出特异条带,这些材料中可能有其它抗性基因。     

黄瓜的分子标记和连锁图谱研究进展

黄瓜分子标记和遗传连锁图谱的研究工作相对番茄、小麦等作物比较落后,至今开展的分子标记研究多围绕黄瓜遗传关系分析进行,现有的几张遗传连锁图谱基本是由美国Staub研究小组完成,已被定位在图谱上的同工酶、RAPD、RFLP、SSR、AFLP等标记总数达到300多个,各标记间平均距离达到2.1cM,被整合在一起的遗传基因不足10个(F、B、de、ll、dm)。     

利用小麦A、B基因组特异SSR标记扩增节节麦D基因组

以节节麦SQ-214、中国春(CS)和四川育成品种SW3243为材料,利用192个小麦A和B基因组特异SSR标记,对节节麦D基因组进行了扩增,结果表明:有130个特异SSR标记(67.70%)可以在只含D基因组的节节麦上扩出产物,并对扩增效果进行了分析。     

林木抗病育种的主要途径及存在问题

六十年代以来,国外林木抗病育种研究,通过种源选择、家系选择、无性系选择,引入抗性基因,杂交育种,以及相关性选择的途径,取得了显著成绩。最突出的欧洲落叶松日本落叶松杂交获得杂种优势;从欧美杨中选育出杨树优良品种I—214;荷兰榆树抗病品种也已育成,这些都已在生产上推广应用,湿地松、火炬松抗梭锈病育种也获较显著成果。抗病育种是一种安全、经济、有效的防护措施,但是林木抗病遗传机理研究尚未取得到确切结果,林木的抗病性是变化的,病原也会产生变异,至今能提供给生产上的抗病品种为数不多,致使此项工作进展缓慢。     

QTL Analysis for Plant Height with Molecular Markers in Maize

Plant height has become one of important agronomic traits with the increase of planting densityrecently and the rapid developments of molecular markers have provided powerful tools to localize importantagronomic QTL at the genomic level. The purposes of this investigation are to map plant height QTL with mo-lecular markers and to analyze their genetic effects in maize. An F2:3 population from an elite combination(Zong3 × 87-1) was utilized for evaluating plant height in two locations, Wuhan and Xiangfan, with a ran-domized complete block design. The mapping population included 266 F2:3 family lines. A genetic linkagemap, containing 150 SSR and 24 RFLP markers, was constructed, spanning a total of 2 531.6 cm with an av-erage interval of 14.5 cm. Totally 10 QTL affecting plant height were mapped on six different chromosomeswith the composite interval mapping. Seven of 10 QTL were detected in two locations. The contributions tophenotypic variations for the single QTL varied between 5.3 and 17.1%. Additive, partial dominance, domi-nance, and overdominance actions existed among all detected QTL affecting plant heights. A large number ofdigenic interactions for plant height were detected by two-way analyses of variance. 107 and 98 two-locus com-binations were found to be significant at a 0.01 probability level in two locations respectively. 23 of them weresimultaneously detected in both locations. They accounted for phenotypic variations of 4.5 -11%. It was no-ticed that a locus, umc1122, had digenic interactive effects with other four different loci for plant height,which distributed on three chromosomes. A few of plant height QTL was involved in significant digenic inter-actions, but most significant interactions occurred between markers that are not adjacent to mapped QTL.These results demonstrated that epistatic interactions might play an equal importance role as the single-locuseffects in determining plant height of maize.     

农业生物技术在水稻种子纯度鉴定中的应用

【研究目的】为了选择直观、准确、可靠、经济可行和易于操作的水稻种子纯度鉴定技术;【方法】分析和总结了电泳鉴定法、DNA分子标记鉴定法和叶色标记技术鉴定水稻种子纯度的研究进展及应用概况;【结论】作者认为电泳鉴定法及DNA分子标记鉴定法只能获得杂交水稻杂种纯度的基本数据,不具备有效排除假杂种的功能,也不可能采取后补救措施解决因纯度低而造成的产量损失。白化转绿型叶色标记技术运用在杂交水稻上,将结束传统种子纯度的检测方法,引发种子纯度检测的革命,具有极其广阔的市场前景。     

选择对QTL连锁分析的影响(Ⅱ)

文章在侧翼标记下研究选择对于各标记基因型的频率、多基因效应等的影响,并探讨了利用各标记基因型频率的变化,在侧翼标记区间上检测QTL基因的方法。