Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.     

罹患口腔炎乌苏里蝮的相关生理学指标分析

口腔炎是人工养殖蛇类的常见病之一,为了深入了解和尽早做好预防工作,对罹患口腔炎的成年雄蛇乌苏里蝮(Gloydius ussuriensis)进行解剖观察,并检测了相关器官的系数、血液学指标和激素等。结果表明:整体肥满度、躯体肥满度、肾系数等数值罹患口腔炎蛇略高于健康蛇;而肝系数、精巢系数和脂肪体系数等罹患口腔炎的蛇低于健康雄蛇,且前两者呈显著性差异,后者呈极显著性差异。性激素检测结果显示罹患口腔炎的蛇血液睾酮和雌二醇含量均低于健康蛇,且均具极显著性差异。血细胞指标中,红细胞数量、红细胞分布均差、白细胞总数、淋巴细胞数量和淋巴细胞比率等均为罹患口腔炎的蛇高于健康雄蛇,且具显著性差异,但嗜中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的比值(NLR)、中性粒细胞数量和比率、中间细胞数量及其比率均为患口腔炎的雄蛇低于健康蛇,且具显著性差异。结论:口腔炎不仅影响了主要代谢器官的器官系数的变化,而且血液多项指标和性激素水平也有明显差异。性激素含量的变化将对乌苏里蝮的正常生殖繁育产生不可忽视的影响。另外,NLR和红细胞分布宽度2个血常规指标可作为早期诊断炎症发生的首选参数。     

牛体细胞核移植技术

对牛体细胞核移植技术中核供体细胞周期同期化处理，电融合条件及去核方法等进行了研究。结果表明，血清－饥饿组（细胞周期同期化处理组）的移核重构胚细胞融合率（83．3％），卵裂率（70％）和囊胚发育率（33．8％）与血清－选择组对应指标间无显著性差异（82．3％，69．2％，32．4％，P＞0．05）；但上述2组分别极显著高于血清－随机组（64．8％，33．8％，4．35％，P＜0．01），试验确立了场强1.025kV/cm，脉冲宽度50μs，连续2次脉冲为最佳电融合条件。摸索出的点击去核法，对卵母细胞进行去核，去核成功率达90％，极显著高地吸引法的68．3％（P＜0．01）；其囊胚发育率为34．1％，显著高于吸引法的18．0％（P＜0．05），与挤压法（20．9％）相比差异不显著（P＞0．05），移植重构胚胎移植后，产2头成活的体细胞克隆牛。     

RNA Synthesis in Porcine Blastomere Nuclei Introduced into in Vitro Matured Ooplasm

The objective was to investigate the RNA synthesis in porcine blastomere nuclei upon transplantation into in vitro matured enucleated oocytes. Nuclei from 2- to 8-cell porcine embryos were introduced into the ooplasm of in vitro matured and enucleated porcine oocytes by electrofusion, and the resultant reconstructed embryos were cultured in vitro. Before fusion or at different intervals after this event embryos were incubated with [³H]-uridine, fixed, and histologically processed for autoradiography in order to detect RNA synthesis. About two thirds of the embryos were considered to depict normal development. All blastomeres displayed pronounced RNA synthesis before fusion, at 3 and 9 h after fusion the synthesis decreased or ceased, and at 24-49 h some embryos resumed synthesis at the 1- to 2-cell stage.     

鸡痘病毒282E_4株TK基因重组载体质粒的构建

应用已克隆的鸡痘病毒（ＦＰＶ）２８２Ｅ＿４株基因组ＴＫ基因，在ＮｃｏⅠ部位引入痘苗病毒Ｐ７．５启动子和Ｐ１１启动子控制下的大肠杆菌ＬａｃＺ基因，经酶切鉴定，成功地构建了用于ＦＰＶ重组的载体质粒。与亲本毒株在鸡胚成纤维细胞内共转染，产生了表达ＬａｃＺ基因的重组鸡痘病毒。经传代筛选、纯化，重组病毒较稳定。实验结果表明，以ＴＫ基因构建的重组载体质粒可用于外源基因的重组表达研究。     

PEF辅助快速提取非特异性奶牛脾脏转移因子的实验研究

应用PEF成功从奶牛脾脏中提取非特异性转移因子，并与常规提取法和复合酶提取法进行了比较.经理化特性分析，奶牛脾脏转移因子是以低分子多肽（〈10kD）为主的混合物，含有少量核酸和氨基酸.实验表明，将物料溶解于6倍质量的磷酸盐（pH7．0）缓；中液中，在脉冲电场强度为25kV／cm，脉冲数为16μs，和流速为2mL／min的条件下，提取液中低分子多肽的含量有最大值9．85mg／mL.PEF提取率是常规方法的2倍，复合酶法的1．47倍.PEF法耗时短，操作简单，成本低，因此，PEF提取是一种很有希望的提取非特异性奶牛脾脏转移因子方法.     

Embryo transplantation in cattle. Non-surgical transfer of 6 1/2--7 1/2 day old embryos to lactating dairy cows under farm conditions.

Previous attempts to transfer embryos non-surgically to heifers have been rather discouraging. The present experiment describes a simple non-surgical technique where the 6½–7½ -day old embryo is placed in a 0.25 ml ministraw, fitted into a common insemination gun and transferred cervically to synchronized lactating dairy cows. Thirty-two viable embryos were transferred to the middle part of the uterine horn ipsilateral to the ovary containing the corpus luteum. It was easy to pass the cervix, and most embryos could be deposited in the horn within 1 or 2 min. Eighteen animals were diagnosed pregnant (56% ). It is conceivable that the easy atraumatic transfers and good management (feeding, oestrus control) of the recipients contributed to the high pregnancy rate.     

牛胚胎移植产业化超数排卵的系统研究

为了提高供体牛的利用率,加速胚胎移植技术的产业化,试验系统地研究了超排方案、青年奶牛的月龄及发情周期不同阶段、重复超排次数、超排间隔时间、卵巢状态、胎次与产后间隔时间对超排效果的影响,共超排供体奶牛1 127头次,回收胚胎共10 900枚,可用胚胎数量为6 942枚,平均每头次获得胚胎数量为6.73枚.结果表明:①应用PSO1、PSO2和 PSO3三种方案进行超排处理,PSO3方案的超排成功率和平均回收可用胚胎数均高于其他两个方案;②利用发情周期9～11 d的自然发情奶牛直接超排效果最好;③对青年奶牛进行超排处理,应限制超排起始时间,15月龄以上的青年奶牛超排效果较好;④供体牛连续重复超排控制在3次以内,连续4次超排处理后极大降低胚胎可用率;⑤超排处理的间隔最短时间应该选择46～60 d;⑥经产牛1～3胎次超排效果较好,7胎次以上较差;⑦产后间隔时间选取80～90 d.     

体细胞克隆太湖猪出生

以中国太湖猪胎儿成纤维细胞为核供体,以体外成熟卵母细胞为核受体,以杜洛克猪为代孕母猪,进行了太湖猪体细胞克隆技术的研究,成功地获得了首例体细胞克隆太湖猪仔猪.经微卫星DNA多态性鉴定,确定克隆猪来自供核细胞,与代孕母猪无亲缘关系.本研究将为体细胞克隆技术在我国太湖猪育种、建立人类疾病模型等研究方面提供可行的技术方法.     

灰色关联分析在草坪草引选评价上的应用

根据灰色理论和应用数列间的相似程度来判断两个系统或系统中的两个因素之间关联程度的原理，在对引进的３个草坪草种（１４个品种）多种性状观测及分析的基础上，计算求得各性状的关联系数ε１（ｋ）及关联度γｉ，综合评价各引选品种，由定性评价转为定量评价。结果表明，在贺兰山东麓地区，表现较好的草坪草种有：草地早熟禾类的瓦巴斯、菲尔京、纳苏、爱肯尼４个品种：紫羊茅中的巴可紫羊茅、高羊茅中的梯坡，巴法７８５１两个品