中兽药临床疗效评价的现状和展望

临床疗效是中兽医学科发展的基石,但是传统兽医学没有形成公认的及规范的临床疗效评价体系。综述了中兽医药临床疗效评价现状,并分析了规模化养殖条件下群体辨证的可行性。根据中兽医药的临床研究特点,利用临床流行病学和循证医学研究成果,提出以辨证治疗的临床实践和基于群体层次临床随机试验研究相结合的临床疗效评价模式的建议,形成中兽医药临床研究的阶段性证据链,有效评价中兽医药临床疗效,为推进中兽医学现代化提供技术支撑。     

中药复方宫炎净注射液的抗炎作用研究

为探讨中药复方宫炎净注射液对小鼠急性炎症的抗炎作用,试验通过二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、蛋清致小鼠足趾肿胀、冰醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性及棉球致肉芽肿4个急性炎症模型来研究其抗炎作用。结果表明,中药复方宫炎净注射液能显著减少小鼠的耳廓肿胀率和降低小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性（P＜0.05）;显著抑制棉球肉芽组织的生长和足趾肿胀率（P＜0.05）;其中以中药复方宫炎净注射液高剂量组效果最为显著,且与西药对照组相比无显著差异（P＞0.05）。因此,中药复方宫炎净注射液抗炎作用显著。     

鸡大肠杆菌病的模型建立与中兽医辨证论治研究进展

大肠杆菌病是养禽业常见的一种细菌性传染病,同时也是一种人兽共患病。近年来多重耐药菌株的出现,给该病的预防控制和治疗带来巨大困难,对中国养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失,同时也对人类的健康造成潜在的威胁。文章从人工感染鸡大肠杆菌疾病模型的影响因素及中兽医辨证论治进行论述,总结近年来的研究进展,为防治鸡大肠杆菌病药物筛选及新药开发提供思路。     

基于鱼类生物完整性指数评价红水河梯级水库的生态系统健康状况

应用鱼类生物完整性指数(F-IBI)评价红水河梯级水库的生态系统健康状况。在各水库设置样本采样点,测定鱼类主要表型特征及水质主要理化因子,筛选并构建F-IBI评价体系。使用1、3、5赋值法计算各水库的IBI分值以评价各水库的生态健康状况。研究表明,红水河七座水库中,天生桥水库生态系统的状况表现为"较差",岩滩水库为"健康"状态,其余各水库健康状况为"良好"。总体上,红水河水系生态系统健康状况为"较好"。     

乳酸菌发酵物与中药配伍对预防鸡大肠杆菌病协同作用的研究

试验旨在考察乳酸菌发酵物与中药(TCM)配伍后对预防鸡大肠杆菌病中药药效的影响。试验采用对鸡大肠杆菌病有效的中药组方与乳酸菌发酵物配伍组成中药乳酸菌复合物(CTCML)。以胸肌注射0.2 mL (9×10⁸ CFU/mL)大肠杆菌培养液的方法建立雏鸡大肠杆菌病人工感染模型。将144只8日龄雏鸡平均分为9个组,其中3个组为CTCML高、中、低剂量组,在雏鸡感染前按0.6、0.4、0.2 g/d剂量将药物颗粒混入日粮中给予,在雏鸡感染后按0.3、0.2、0.1 mL/d剂量将药物提取液混入饮水中给予,同时设置3个与CTCML剂量相同的TCM高、中、低剂量组及药物(盐酸环丙沙星)对照组、感染对照组和健康对照组。结果显示,CTCML高、中、低剂量组雏鸡存活率分别为75.00%、75.00%和93.75%,TCM高、中、低剂量组雏鸡存活率分别为68.75%、68.75%和75.00%,药物对照组为75.00%,感染对照组为56.25%,健康对照组为100.00%。CTCML低剂量组与CTCML高、中剂量组及TCM高、中、低剂量组、药物对照组、感染对照组相比均差异显著(P<0.05),CTCML高、中剂量组及TCM高、中、低剂量组、药物对照组彼此间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。所有感染组中,CTCML低剂量组对雏鸡增重影响最小,增重率较健康对照组低29.93%;其次是CTCML中剂量组,增重率较健康对照组低36.95%;其余各感染组较健康对照组降低42.49%~51.07%。结果表明,中药对人工感染大肠杆菌的雏鸡具有保护作用,乳酸菌对中药具有明显的协同作用。     

Comparison of faecal collection methods and diet acclimation times for the measurement of digestibility coefficients in barramundi (Lates calcarifer)

This study aimed to investigate the effects of two faecal collection methods (stripping and settlement) on the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, protein and energy of three different diets fed to barramundi. In a second experiment, the effect of acclimation time (i.e. number of days fed the diet) on the calculation of ADCs was also investigated. Each tank of fish was fed one of three diets for 12 days. Faeces were collected by both stripping and settlement, although only settlement was used prior to day seven of the acclimation period. Faeces were collected using the settlement method at regular intervals from day 1 to day 12. Comparisons between faecal collection methods were only made based on faecal material collected over a similar acclimation period. The collection of faeces by stripping produced more conservative ADCs, which were also more consistent than those obtained using the settlement technique. The calculated ADCs typically fluctuated for the first 3 days of collection before the variability diminished. Barramundi should be acclimated to diets for a minimum of 4 days before collection of faecal material, and collection by stripping is recommended to obtain the most reliable digestibility data.     

Condition monitoring and mistake precaution system for power strap based on photoelectric detection

Thermal environment is analyzed based on the field measurements of indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity of a typical Tibetan traditional dwelling in a village of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu province in winter and summer. Results show that the combination of local factors such as history, geography, climate, unique local-style dwelling houses building structure and monomer structure. The structure (envelope)of traditional Tibetan dwelling has a good thermal performance. Passive methods should be used to build thermal environment constructions. Further improvement for indoor thermal comfort conditions through comprehensive and energy-saving heating are needed.     

A study on lateral deformation calculation of foundation under embankment

Embankment load causes not only vertical settlement of foundation but also lateral deformation of foundation, and lateral deformation is one of the important factors for foundation settlement. In order to analyze lateral deformation of foundation under th     

怀化传统侗族聚落应用乡土景观材料的生态效应

采用田野调查法,实地走访了怀化市保留较完整的通道县独坡、黄土、坪坦3乡15个典型传统侗寨。研究发现,由于地域资源的有限性、稀缺性,侗民们充分尊重自然,利用场地自然资源和聚落农业生产资源,运用朴素的生态智慧合理选用聚落景观材料。景观材料的选用充分体现“低技术、低成本、低污染、低能耗、低管护”的生态智慧,体现生态、健康、舒适、保健的生态效应。城镇化进程的加快催生侗族聚落景观的生态效应失衡,须充分利用传统侗族聚落巨大的再生潜力,调整聚落产业结构和发展模式,利用现代科技手段大力发展新型乡土景观材料,使侗族聚落新型景观形态、景观肌理、景观生态效应和原生景观保持一致,构建可持续的健康、养生聚落。     

甘肃甘南传统发酵牦牛乳中细菌菌群的多样性研究

为了研究甘肃甘南传统发酵牦牛乳中细菌菌群的多样性,本试验以甘肃甘南地区传统发酵牦牛乳为研究对象,基于Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,对13份发酵牦牛乳的16S rRNA中V3-V4区进行测序,分析甘肃甘南地区传统发酵牦牛乳中细菌菌群的多样性.结果表明,最终获得720 221条高质量16S rRNA基因序列,...