Investigation on Option and Technology Innovation in Decision-Making of Project Investment

By the analysis of the traditional decision-making on project investment, its three difficulties have been found and the assumptions on base of the decision-making are presented. Starting from the assumption, the theory of option and the theory of technology innovation were introduced to revise the traditional decision-making and to endow it with new significance. As a result, the accurate and proper information could be offered to the decision-maker in time.     

On the Regional Culture Features of the Traditional Folk Housing Architecture of Huizhou Style

The traditional architecture of Huizhou style with its unique regional cultural features makes a well- developed genre of architecture in late ancient China. Especially, the traditional folk housing of Huizhou style is the most vivid embodiment of Huizhou culture, reflecting the social history and culture in Huizhou area. The location and setting of the traditional folk housing in ancient Huizhou is greatly influenced by the geomantic theory, a fact that can be best detected in the practice of building artificial landscapes at the accesses to villages. The internal structure of the traditional folk housing of Huizhou style vividly reveals the ideology and the system of the patriarchy in ancient Huizhou. Being traders but sticking to the identity and temperament of Confucian scholars, local merchants of ancient Huizhou fostered a unique culture, which has shaped an distinctive artistic charm found in the internal decoration and furnishings of the traditional folk housing in ancient Huizhou.     

松嫩平原粮食主产区农村居民点格局及影响因素分析

揭示粮食主产区农村居民点格局及其影响因素,对城镇化背景下农村居民点整理有重要意义。该文综合运用GIS空间统计、核密度分析、全局聚类检验及空间热点探测法,从农村居民点规模、密度以及集聚特征分析农村居民点格局,并探索地形地貌、农业生产力水平及区位条件对农村居民点格局的影响。结果表明：1）微型、小型及中型居民点数量繁多,其公共基础设施不配套,破坏耕地完整性,已不适应农业生产力的发展及内部居民生活;2）农村居民点核密度最高值为1.58个/km2,整体分布密度相对较低,规模呈现全局低值集聚特征,符合粮食主产区特点。克山镇、双河镇北部、古北乡北部、向华乡东北部、北兴镇中部以及河南乡中部农村居民点呈小规模集聚,西联镇、西河镇、发展乡、克山农场、西建乡部分区域以及古城镇、向华乡、北联镇的零星区域的农村居民点呈大规模集聚;3）地形地貌是农村居民点初始区位形成的基础,但随着社会经济的转型,农业生产力水平的提高对粮食主产区农村居民点格局调整有较大的推动作用。区位因素中城镇辐射对居民点格局影响仅限于一定范围,交通道路显著改变居民点局部空间格局,具有明显的距离衰减效应。该研究可为松嫩平原粮食主产区农村居民点布局优化与调控提供参考。     

开发网络资源拓宽科技期刊的发展空间

应用网络新技术．改造传统期刊的编辑出版方式，实现新旧媒体技术的优势整合，应该是今后期刊网络化发展的主要方向。我国科技期刊网络化的形式主要有期刊网站、网络期刊、期刊网页、传统期刊电子版等。各类科技期刊应根据自身的特点和实际，选择实现期刊网络化的最佳发展道路。科普技术类科技期刊网络化比较适合采用期刊网站—网络期刊—传统期刊电子版—传统期刊纸质印刷版的发展模式；专业性科技学术期刊网络化采用期刊网页—网络期刊—传统期刊电子版—传统期刊纸质印刷版的发展模式；综合性科技学术期刊网络化采用期刊网页—传统期刊电子版—传统期刊纸质印刷版的发展樟式．     

要素配置与流动视角下农牧交错带农村居民点空间布局优化

农村居民点是农村社会经济活动的综合载体，其空间布局优化是全面推进乡村振兴的重要手段。为合理优化农牧交错带农村居民点空间布局及全面推进乡村振兴战略实施，该研究以武川县可可以力更镇（可镇）为例，以乡村发展要素为纽带，在界定乡村振兴、人口流动与农村居民点空间布局优化内在逻辑基础上，从产业、人才、文化、环境及组织5个维度构建农村居民点要素禀赋评价指标体系，评价居民点要素配置状况；借助社会网络分析法构建人口流动网络，以反映要素流动能力；综合要素禀赋及流动能力评价结果组合特征识别农村居民点优化类型，剖析各类型内生发展动力并提出各自优化路径。结果表明：1）乡村振兴的全面实现亟需乡村各要素的科学配置，人口流动作为要素流动的桥梁对于各类要素的合理配置起到关键作用，而农村居民点空间布局优化通过要素在布局优化动态过程中的调配流通可助推乡村振兴战略实施；2）可镇农村居民点要素禀赋得分中等及以上居民点占农村居民点总面积74.32%，评价结果呈现“南高北低，中间高边缘低”分布特征，两极化格局明显；3）可镇农村居民点程度中心度总体偏低，程度中心度等级低的居民点空间分布广泛，面积占比52.67%，可镇人口流动规模小，要素流动缺乏活力；4）可镇农村居民点优化类型划分为特色保护类（9个）、城郊融合类（20个）、集聚提升类（40个）、原地观察类（24个）、搬迁撤并类（87个）。研究结果可为乡村振兴战略下农村居民点空间布局优化提供参考。     

盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落空间格局演变分析

为科学辨识盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落演变特征及其影响因素,该文基于2005年及2012年土地利用数据提取乡村聚落,运用空间韵律指数、空间统计测度模型、GIS热点制图及地理探测器模型等来定量展现乡村聚落的规模、布局及形态的演变特征,探索自然地形、区位条件及社会经济发展水平因素对乡村聚落格局分异的影响力。研究结果表明:盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落规模整体缩减,集约用地程度提高,斑块形态趋向简单规则发展,聚落分布重心朝东南方向迁移;乡村聚落空间集聚程度进一步加强,分布密度呈"中密外疏"的空间特征;聚落规模"热点"区布局基本未变,而"冷点"区表现出了明显的轮换特征。近8 a期间,乡村聚落分布逐渐向草地、林地靠拢,且远离沙源,乡村聚落的变迁映射出沙区人地关系趋于缓和,人类活动正在以积极的方式逐渐优化沙区的生态人居环境。基于1 km×1 km网格单元进行的地理探测器分析表明研究区乡村聚落空间布局分异主要受区位条件和自然地形的影响,其中区位条件影响作用力最显著,主要表现为离农业灌区距离、离沙源距离、城镇临近度3个指标,而社会经济发展水平对其影响力不显著。该研究可为沙区乡村聚落的空间布局优化与调控、新农村建设规划及沙区聚落人居环境改善提供决策参考。     

鸡球虫病实验室诊断与中药治疗

鸡球虫病是由艾美尔属中的多种艾美尔球虫寄生在鸡肠道中引发的一种体内寄生虫病,该病分布十分广泛,几乎在家禽活动的任何环境中均能看到球虫存在。鸡球虫病多发生于15~60日龄的雏鸡,发病率有时高达100%,致死率有时高达80%以上,度过急性发病阶段的鸡群,还会表现为不能正常生长,甚至会停止发育,不得不将大量的鸡群淘汰处理。为进一步降低球虫对鸡生长发育造成的不良影响,需掌握该类疾病的具体发病特点,强化疾病诊治,并在此基础上构建针对性的防控方案,提升整体的防控成效。该文主要论述鸡球虫病的实验室诊断方法和中药治疗。     

Aflaj irrigation and on-farm water management in northern Oman

This paper reports on results from a case study on water management within a traditional, falaj irrigation system in northern Oman. In the planning and design of regional irrigation development programs, generalized assumptions are frequently made as to the efficiency of traditional surface irrigation systems. Although qualitative accounts abound, very little quantitative research has been conducted on on-farm water management within falaj systems. Daily irrigation applications and crop water use was monitored during an 11-month period among 6 farm holdings at Falaj Hageer in Wilayat Al-Awabi. Contrary to the frequent assumptions that all surface irrigation systems incur unnecessarily high water losses, on-farm ratios of crop water demand to irrigation supply were found to be relatively high. Based on actual crop water use, irrigation demand/supply ratios among monitored farms varied from 0.60 to 0.98, with a mean of 0.79. Examination of the soil moisture budget indicates that during most irrigations of wheat (cultivated in the low evapotranspiration months of October–March) sufficient water is applied for the shallow root zone to attain field capacity. With the exception of temporary periods of high falaj delivery flows or periods of rainfall, field capacity is usually not attained during irrigations within the more extensive root zones of date palm farms. The data presented in this paper should provide a better understanding of water use performance by farmers within traditional falaj systems. Moreover, these data should also serve to facilitate more effective development planning for irrigation water conservation programs in the region.