氮氧自由基化合物对L7712细胞DNA RNA和蛋白质合成的抑制作用

2,2,6,6—四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基等自由基化合物,均比其还原体化合物对癌细胞DNA合成的抑制率高。四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基和四甲基吡咯啉氮氧自由基对L7712细胞DNA,RNA和蛋白质合成的抑制作用,在3—24小时内均随作用时间延长而增高,它们对癌细胞DNA合成的抑制作用机理,似属干扰代谢型。     

二氟甲基取代吡唑甲酰胺类化合物的合成及杀菌活性

以二氟乙酰乙酸乙酯和原甲酸三乙酯为起始原料,经亲核取代、环化、水解、氯代和酰化反应得到N-(1-甲基-2-羟乙基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1 H -吡唑-4-酰胺(4),4与取代异氰酸酯作用,合成了10个未见文献报道的二氟甲基取代吡唑甲酰胺类衍生物,其结构均经过1H NMR和MS分析确证。初步生物活性测试结果表明,在50 mg/L下,目标化合物 ZJ-3、ZJ-5、ZJ-7、ZJ-8 对瓜类炭疽病菌、瓜类灰霉病菌和水稻纹枯病菌具有一定的杀菌活性。     

Ecdysteroid receptor docking suggests that dibenzoylhydrazine-based insecticides are devoid of any deleterious effect on the parasitic wasp Psyttalia concolor (Hym. Braconidae)

BACKGROUND: The moulting accelerating compounds (MACs) or ecdysteroid agonists represent a selective group of insecticides acting upon binding to the ecdysteroid receptor (EcR) and leading to lethal premature moulting in larval stages and aborted reproduction in adults. Psyttalia concolor Szèpl. is a useful parasitic wasp attacking important tephritid pests such as the medfly and olive fruit fly. RESULTS: Contact and oral exposure in the laboratory of female parasitic wasps to the dibenzoylhydrazine‐based methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide and RH‐5849 did not provoke negative effects. No mortality and no reduction in beneficial capacity were observed. The ligand‐binding domain (LBD) of the EcR of P. concolor was sequenced, and a homology protein model was constructed which confirmed a cavity structure with 12 α‐helices, harbouring the natural insect moulting hormone 20‐hydroxyecdysone. However, a steric clash occurred for the MAC insecticides owing to a restricted extent of the ligand‐binding cavity of the PcLBD‐EcR, while they did dock well in that of susceptible insects. CONCLUSIONS: The insect toxicity assays demonstrated that MACs are selective for P. concolor. The modelling/docking experiments are indications that these insecticides do not bind with the LBD‐EcR of P. concolor and support the theory that they show no biological effects in the parasitic wasp. These data may help in explaining the compatible use of MACs together with parasitic wasps in IPM programmes. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

海蒿子脂溶性物质的抗食物腐败菌活性研究

[目的]研究海蒿子脂溶性物质的抗食物腐败菌活性。[方法]采用圆形纸片法,对海蒿子脂溶性物质及经柱层析分离得到的不同洗脱组分进行抗食物腐败菌试验。[结果]海蒿子粗脂对大肠杆菌和假单胞杆菌的抑菌圈分别为1.0和1.5 mm;枯草芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对海蒿子粗脂不敏感。苯洗脱组分对金黄色葡萄球菌与枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌圈均为1.0 mm;苯洗脱组分对大肠杆菌和假单胞杆菌无抑菌活性;石油醚洗脱组分对4种腐败菌亦无抑菌活性;乙醇洗脱组分对枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和假单胞杆菌的抑菌圈分别为3.0、4.5、4.0和2.5 mm,空白对照组均无抑菌活性。[结论]海蒿子乙醇洗脱组分具有较强的抗菌活性;多数海藻脂溶性物质的抗菌活性主要体现在其强极性脂成分上。     

2味中药复方对大鼠胃黏膜损伤保护作用及血液指标的影响

[目的]观察2味中药复方(LWZY)抗大鼠胃黏膜损伤作用及对血液指标的影响。[方法]采用无水乙醇致大鼠胃黏膜损伤模型、阿司匹林致大鼠胃黏膜损伤模型、盐酸致大鼠胃黏膜损伤模型,预防性灌胃给药,以胃黏膜的损伤指数、凝血酶原时间(PT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)为指标,评价2味中药复方药剂对各动物模型的抗胃黏膜损伤作用及对血液指标的影响。[结果]西米替丁及LWZY各给药组对阿司匹林大鼠胃黏膜损伤模型、盐酸大鼠胃黏膜损伤模型、无水乙醇大鼠胃黏膜损伤模型均有明显的保护作用,各给药组胃黏膜损伤指数均较模型组明显降低(P0.05;P0.01);无水乙醇模型中的血液值;LWZY组较模型组比较PT、FIB、APTT、TT值有明显降低(P0.05;P0.01),有统计学意义;盐酸模型中的血液值,模型组PT、FIB、APTT、TT值较正常组比较略有升高,LWZY组较模型组比较PT、FIB值有明显降低,但无统计学意义,而APTT、TT值有明显降低(P0.05;P0.01),有统计学意义;阿司匹林模型中的血液指标中模型组PT、FIB、APTT、TT值较正常组比较明显升高,LWZY组较模型组比较PT、FIB、APTT、TT值有明显降低(P0.05;P0.01),有统计学意义。[结论]LWZY对无水乙醇、阿司匹林、盐酸致大鼠胃黏膜损伤有明显的保护作用,并且有一定的体内促凝血作用,作用机制可能和凝血因子以及调节激素水平有关。     

应用化学指标表征红大品种烟叶的品质特征

[目的]探讨一种全面、完善地应用烟叶化学指标表征其品质特征的方法.[方法]以红大、K326、云87等5种具有代表性的烤烟品种的C3F烟叶为材料,对烤烟的评吸结果、常规指标、致香成分、有机酸等指标进行比较分析.[结果]红大烟叶清甜韵好,香气量充足;在常规指标中表现为烟碱、总糖、还原糖、pH高于其他品种;在致香成分中表现为直链脂肪酸及酯高于其他品种烟叶;在有机酸中表现为异戊酸、2-甲基丁酸、十六酸、苯甲酸含量高于其他品种烟叶.[结论]研究可为应用化学指标表征红大品种烟叶的品质特征提供理论及试验依据.     

酚类物质对葡萄酒品质的影响

酚类物质作为葡萄酒的"骨架"成分,在葡萄酒中起着十分重要的作用。在葡萄酒中,一般常见的酚类物质可概括为类黄酮和非类黄酮2类,这些酚类物质主要来源于葡萄的果实、果梗、酵母代谢以及储酒容器橡木桶等,它们直接影响着葡萄酒的色泽、口感和香气,对葡萄酒的品质和风味特征有很大的影响。     

葡萄糖氧化酶对红姑娘酒陈酿过程中酚类物质的影响

以红姑娘(Physalis alkekengi L.)酒为试验材料研究葡萄糖氧化酶对红姑娘酒陈酿过程中酚类物质的影响.结果表明,葡萄糖氧化酶使酚类物质的降解速率变缓,其中鞣花酸降解速率显著低于对照,儿茶素、咖啡酸、槲皮素与对照无显著差异.     

Removal Efficiency and Influence Factors of Bromide in Water by MIEX

Jar tests were used to study the removal efficiency and influence factors caused by common anions and organic compounds of bromide in water by a new magnetic ion exchange resin (MIEX). The results show that MIEX can remove bromide in pure water effectively. The removal rates of bromide by MIEX are all over 90% when the equilibrium time of ion exchange reaction between MIEX and bromide is 5 min and 3 min and the dosage is 10 mL/L and 20 mL/L, respectively. Even containing other common negatively charged matter which has inhibitory effect to some extent, the removal rates reach 50%. Anionic content and the selectivity of MIEX are the main influence factors to reduce bromide in water by MIEX. The existence of organic compounds decreases the removal rate of bromide in water by MIEX, which is approximately 70%. There are differences between anions and organic compounds in removal processes by MIEX. The equilibrium time of ion exchange reaction removing anions is about 5 min, while it takes over 20 min to remove organic compounds measured with UV 254 and DOC, respectively by MIEX with the dosage of 10 mL/L.     

落叶松挥发性有机物释放动态研究

利用SUMMA罐收集落叶松挥发物,采用预浓缩与GC/MS联用系统对不同季节的落叶松挥发性有机物成分进行分析。结果表明:不同季节落叶松挥发物的成分包括萜类、烷烃、烯烃及炔烃类、酮类、呋喃类、醇类、醛类、酸类、酯类8大类化合物,共110种,其中以萜烯类化合物为主,且含量随季节变化显著。(1S,3S)-(+)-间-薄荷-4,8-二烯(12.58%)、植紫三烯(9.02%)、(E)-2,7-二甲基-3-辛烯-5-炔(18.13%)、(Z)-2,7-二甲基-3-辛烯-5-炔(17.63%)构成了春季萜类化合物的主要成分,夏季以1,3-戊二烯(23.53%)为主,秋季则以(-)-蒎烯(17.04%)、IR?α?蒎烯(37.09%)为主。