An improved method for extraction of sorghum polymeric protein complexes

A method for fractionating sorghum proteins using extraction solvents and techniques designed to obtain polymeric protein structures (especially disulfide linked) was developed. Extraction and separation conditions were optimized in terms of completeness of protein extraction, sample stability, and analytical resolution. After pre-extraction of albumins and globulins, a 3-step sequential procedure involving no reducing agents was applied to ground whole sorghum flour. The three fractions obtained represented proportionally different protein polymer contents and molecular weight distribution as evidenced by comparative size exclusion chromatography. Protein composition also varied among the extracts with differences in kafirin composition and non-kafirin proteins detected in the fractions by RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE analysis. The ability to quantify and further characterize sorghum polymeric protein complexes will be useful for additional studies linking protein structures with functionality and digestibility and variations for these properties within diverse sorghum germplasm.     

基质分散萃取-高效液相色谱法对菠菜中噻虫胺残留的检测

研究确立了乙腈为分散萃取溶剂,以羧基化双壁碳纳米管(DWCNTs-COOH)和石墨化碳黑(GCB)为基质分散材料的菠菜(Spinacia oleracea L.)样品中噻虫胺残留基质分散萃取前处理方法,建立并优化了乙腈等度洗脱的HPLC残留样品外标定量方法。结果表明,优化色谱条件下,噻虫胺标准样品的色谱保留时间为6.258 min,在0.05~100 mg/L范围内与对应色谱峰积分面积线性响应良好,回归方程为y=4.948 2x-1.316 9(R~2=0.999 7),噻虫胺在菠菜样品中0.1、0.5和5.0 mg/kg 3个水平的添加回收率均在85%以上,各添加水平的相对标准偏差均小于7%,该色谱条件下仪器检出限为0.052 7μg/L,方法的最低检测量为0.015 mg/kg。表明该残留样本前处理方法和样品检测方法简便、高效、经济、可靠,可满足噻虫胺在菠菜中的残留定量检测要求。     

潮州6种蔬菜汤中F~-·Cl~-·NO_2~-·NO_3~-的同时测定

[目的]同时测定潮州蔬菜汤中F-、Cl-、NO2-和NO3-的含量。[方法]利用WICⅡ-型离子色谱仪,测定潮州不同鲜度6种蔬菜汤中F-、Cl-、NO2-和NO3-的的含量。[结果]菜汤中NO3-的含量较高;菜汤中有适宜的F-、Cl-含量。[结论]保鲜处理放置的蔬菜中,NO2-、NO3-含量增加。     

高效液相色谱法测定海洋生物中牛磺酸的含量

[目的]建立牛磺酸的高效液相色谱分析方法,并通过该方法测定不同海洋生物中牛磺酸的含量。[方法]应用邻苯二甲醛(OPA)柱前衍生法,研究流动相比例、流速、衍生剂比例、衍生时间等因素对牛磺酸检测的影响。[结果]当牛磺酸∶OPA=1∶2,衍生时间2 min,流动相乙腈∶水=15∶85,流速为0.5 mL/min,检测波长为360 nm时,牛磺酸浓度为10~400μg/mL时具有良好的线性关系(R~20.99),平行样品的相对标准偏差为2.9%~7.4%。利用该方法检测不同海产品中牛磺酸的含量,所选择的海洋贝类、甲壳类、鱼类中均含有牛磺酸,其中海瓜子中含量最高,达11.2 mg/g。不同组织比较,鱼肉中牛磺酸含量较高,而鳃中较低。[结论]该研究结果丰富了海洋生物中牛磺酸含量的数据,为进一步研究牛磺酸在不同组织中的合成机制提供了参考。     

Evaluation of Commercial Fe(III)‐Chelates Using Different Methods

Abstract

A collaborative assay among three laboratories was made in order to compare both the ion (CEN. EN 13368‐2:2001 E. Determination of chelating agents in fertilizers by ion chromatography. Part 2: EDDHA and EDDHMA, 2001a) and the ion‐pair (Lucena, J.J.; Barak, P.; Hernandez‐Apaolaza, L. Isocratic ion‐pair high‐performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of various iron(III) chelates. J. Chromatogr. A 1996, 727, 253–264) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods as well as the soluble and complexed Fe (CEN. EN 13366:2001 E. Treatment with a cation exchange resin for the determination of the chelated micronutrient content and of the chelated fraction of micronutrients, 2001b) methods. Fifteen and ten samples of commercial fertilizers of Fe‐EDDHA, Fe‐EDDHMA, respectively were analysed by three laboratories using these methods. No significant differences were observed between the results obtained for the Fe‐EDDHA content using the Lucena et al. or CEN method. The first method makes it possible to distinguish between the meso and DL‐racemic diasteroisomers of Fe‐o, o‐EDDHA. For the Fe‐EDDHMA formulations, the CEN method gives higher values than the ion‐pair method, since in the first one Fe‐EDDH4,6MA coelutes with FeEDDHMA. Also the CEN method does not makes it possible to distinguish between Fe‐EDDHMA and Fe‐EDDH5MA products. The variability among laboratories was larger for the CEN method than for the Lucena et al. method.     

超高效液相色谱法测定饲料中斑蝥黄和β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯含量方法的研究

为有效快速测定饲料中斑蝥黄和β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯含量,饲料经甲醇、正己烷和乙酸乙酯混合液萃取后,在氮气保护下浓缩,用甲基叔丁基醚-乙腈溶液复溶,注入超高效液相色谱仪中进行测定。结果表明:斑蝥黄浓度为1.25~10.0μg/mL,β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯为2.50~20.0μg/mL线性关系良好;斑蝥黄和β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯的检测限为0.06 mg/kg,定量限为0.20 mg/kg。斑蝥黄5个添加水平的平均回收率为72.8%~82.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.41%~1.06%;β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯5个添加水平的平均回收率为72.0%~82.8%,RSD为0.46%~1.41%。说明该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高、准确度好,适用于测定饲料中斑蝥黄和β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯含量。     

小型生物质直燃炉结构设计

基于目前现有生物质燃烧炉的燃烧效率低,且燃烧过程中焦油生成过多等问题。以高效率燃烧方式的薄层燃烧为该小型生物质直燃炉的主要燃烧方式,大大提高燃烧效率的同时,有效较低焦油与烟尘的产生,并且采用螺杆输送装置对炉膛进行持续供料,实现稳定的不间断燃烧,为成功解决农村生物质燃料浪费及环境污染起到积极作用,为新形势下的能源可持续发展提供思路。     

DETERMINATION OF METALLIC IRON IN HIGH TITANIUM SLAG BY HEADSPACE GAS CHROMATNGRALHY

The following details are discussed in the present paper, after high titanium slag and H3PO4 is put in the closed system,the .reaction takes place under controlled temperature conditions, and the gas produced is collected. The two phases of gas liquid attain kinetic equilibrium, ihe gas above the liquid is used to make GC analysis with the aid of chromatographic column of 5A molecular sieve, TCD and N2 30ml/min. Satisfactory quantitative results can be achieved with simple instruments and uncomplicated operation technique.     

哺乳动物上皮细胞抗菌肽分离纯化技术研究进展

抗菌肽是在动植物体内发现的氨基酸数目少于100个的一类多肽,是哺乳动物防御体系的一个重要组成部分,具有分子质量小、对热稳定、水溶性好、广谱抗菌和作用机制独特等特点。文章主要综述了几种哺乳动物上皮细胞抗菌肽的分离纯化技术研究概况。