Effects of vegetable oil supplementation on feed intake,rumen fermentation,growth performance,and carcass characteristic of growing swamp buffaloes

Fifteen, one year old swamp buffalo males with average liveweight of 200.5 ± 9.5 kg were randomly assigned according to a completely randomized design to receive three dietary treatments of supplemental vegetable oils in concentrate contained 140, 750, and 16 g of crude protein, total digestible nutrient, and ether extract, respectively (T1 = unsupplemented, T2 = supplemental coconut oil and sunflower oil in ratio 50:50 at 6% of concentrate, and T3 = supplemental sunflower oil at 6% of concentrate) during a 5-month feeding trial. Urea-treated rice straw was offered ad libitum and concentrate was supplemented at 150 g/kg BW. The results revealed that supplementation of vegetable oils decreased dry matter intake in sunflower oil supplemented group. Combination of coconut oil and sunflower oil supplementation resulted in similar average daily gain as those found in control and in sunflower oil supplemented groups. Rumen microorganism population, ammonia–nitrogen, blood urea–nitrogen and total volatile fatty acid concentrations were decreased as vegetable oils were supplemented. Oil supplementation slightly reduced growth rate, hot carcass percentage, loin eye area particularly on sunflower oil supplemented group. Based on these findings, vegetable oil resulted in decreased performance of swamp buffaloes although the combination of coconut oil and sunflower oil could reduce negative effect of unsaturated oil supplementation. However, further analyses of conjugated fatty acids (CLA) in meat could offer useful information in determining pronounced effects of vegetable oil supplementation.     

对退耕还林工程中种草的探讨

分析种草在退耕还林工程中的重要地位和作用 ,提出退耕种草的草种选择和种植模式 ,并探讨发展草产业的途径和方向     

鳞翅目昆虫的茧及脱茧方式

鳞翅目昆虫属于完全变态昆虫,许多科的老熟幼虫都要吐丝结茧,为蛹期提供适当的蔽护场所,因此结茧和脱茧是鳞翅目结茧昆虫完成变态发育的重要过程。本文通过查阅资料,简述这些昆虫独特的茧及脱茧方式,以期更好地了解昆虫这一特殊的生理过程。     

西部退耕还林还草的序量问题探讨

针对目前退耕还林还革存在的严重盲动性和炒作性,认为西部生态建设要走"种树更要种草,还草先于还林,建立林草一体化产业"的发展模式,并从实现第三步战略目标对西部种草养畜发展畜牧业的要求和西部生态"先天性基因缺损"的规律等方面进行了详尽的论述,提出了退耕还林还革、建立林草一体化产业的对策措施.     

双峰驼精清诱导排卵活性成分的DEAE—纤维素柱层析分离及其生物活性

选用DEAE－纤维素离子交换柱对双峰驼精清进行分离，各层析组分用于大鼠垂体组织体外培养，并给母驼肌注有活性的组分，以RIA法测定垂体组织培养液和母驼血浆中LH及FSH的浓度。结果表明，驼精清经DEAE－纤维素柱分离后可得到5个蛋白组分（L1－L5），其中L3在大鼠垂体培养时引起LH释放明显增加（P＜0．05），FSH则无明显变化。给卵巢上无大卵泡发育的母驼肌注有活性的组分L3，可引起血浆中LH明显升高，FSH也无变化。由此表明，L3在体内外试验中均具有引起LH释放的生物活性，它可能是诱导排卵的活性因子或其成分之一。     

对内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原全球第1148号国际重要湿地的展望

The Taolimiao-Alashan Nur(T-A Nur),of about 10km2 a brackish lake located on the Ordos upland of western Inner Mongolia,northern China,used to be not only supporting the largest breeding colony of the Relict Gull(Larus relictus)but also being a very good sample of the carrying capacity of a semi-desert wetland locality for those waterbirds,both breeders and migrating vagrants,of the region,and,therefore,the T-A Nur was recognized,in 2002,the No.1148 Ramsar Site of the world.     

断奶日龄对仔猪Et玫瑰花环形成率和T淋巴细胞转化率的影响

选取15窝杜洛克×长白×约克夏三元杂交初生仔猪 ,按14、21、28、35日龄断奶和不断奶随机分为5组(14E、21E、28E、35E、C) ,每组3窝 ,研究断奶及不同断奶日龄对仔猪外周血Et玫瑰花环形成率和T淋巴细胞转化率的影响。结果表明 :哺乳仔猪外周血Et玫瑰花环形成率、淋巴细胞转化率LTT(PHA、LPS刺激原)随日龄增长呈线性加大的趋势(P<0.05) ;断奶应激均使Et、LTT(PHA)、LTT(LPS)降低(P<0.05)。断奶越早 ,断奶后血液LTT(PHA/LPS)下降的幅度越大 ,恢复与哺乳猪相同水平的时间越长 ,其中14日龄断奶后1～3周 ,21、28日龄断奶后1周LTT(PHA)显著低于对照组(P<0.05) ;14日龄断奶后1～4周 ,21日龄断奶后1～3周 ,28日龄断奶后1～2周 ,35日龄断奶后1周LTT(LPS)显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。     

施用尿素当年对退化天然草地物种地上生物量和重要值的影响

试验采取不同施肥梯度对内蒙古太仆寺旗地区的退化天然草地进行改良,经研究发现,不同物种对施肥梯度的反应不同。羊草在施尿素50 kg/hm²时地上生物量最大,在群落中重要值的上升也最明显;糙苏对施肥75 kg/hm²反应最为敏感,在群落中重要值基本呈直线上升;星毛委陵菜在施肥100 kg/hm²时地上生物量增产最大,在群落中的重要值下降也最慢。结果表明,不同的施肥梯度可以在一定程度上控制群落的物种结构。     

短周期间歇光照对肉用仔鸡生产性能的影响

在７日龄时,肉服仔鸡由接近全日制光照改变为１ｈ光照,３ｈ黑暗的短周期简歇光照。结果表明,短周期间歇光照的肉仔鸡饲料报酬和饲料利用率提高,氮平衡试验表明,增加肉用仔鸡的光周期,粪氮分泌量减少,饲料氮在鸡体内的沉积增加,而饲料氮的摄入量并未增加,因而使得饲料氮的利用率和到提高。