Introduction of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir to Argentina

Patterns of shoot elongation of 2-yr seedlings from native North American populations of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir were compared to those of Argentine land races originating from unknown provenances. The comparisons were conducted in Moscow, Idaho (USA), and suggested that the ponderosa pine land race was descended from a California provenance at low or middle elevations but that the growth potential of the land race was only mediocre in comparison to eight native populations. The Douglas-fir land race exhibited a relatively high growth potential in comparison to 19 native provenances and undoubtedly originated from a mild coastal environment. The results provide concrete recommendations for upgrading the growth potential of the Argentine land races by importing germ plasm of specific provenances.     

Comparative Phenotypic and Genotypic Analyses of Salmonella Rissen that Originated from Food Animals in Thailand and United States

Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen has been recognized as one of the most common serovar among humans and pork production systems in different parts of the world, especially Asia. In the United States, this serovar caused outbreaks but its epidemiologic significance remains unknown. The objectives of this study were to compare the phenotypic (antimicrobial susceptibility) and genotypic attributes of Salmonella Rissen isolated in Thailand (Thai) and the United States (US). All the Thai isolates (n = 30) were recovered from swine faecal samples. The US isolates (n = 35) were recovered from swine faecal samples (n = 29), cattle (n = 2), chicken (n = 2), dog (n = 1) and a ready‐to‐eat product (n = 1). The antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates was determined using the Kirby‐Bauer disk diffusion method with a panel of 12 antimicrobials. Pulse‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to determine the genotypic diversity of isolates. All Thai isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR) with the most frequent antibiotic resistance shown against ampicillin (100%), sulfisoxazole (96.7%), tetracycline (93.3%), streptomycin (90%) and chloramphenicol (30%). About half of the isolates of USA origin were pan‐susceptible and roughly 30% were resistant to only tetracycline (R‐type: Te). Salmonella Rissen isolated from Thailand and the USA in this study were found to be clonally unrelated. Genotypic analyses indicated that isolates were clustered primarily based on the geographic origin implying the limited clonality among the strains. Clonal relatedness among different host species within the same geography (USA) was found. We found genotypic similarity in Thai and US isolates in few instances but with no epidemiological link. Further studies to assess propensity for increased inter‐regional transmission and dissemination is warranted.     

关于黑龙江省造林绿化信息系统的研究

本文论述了退耕还林管理信息系统应用软件的研制及主要功能、特点。该软件主要为黑龙江省各级林业部门提供有关退耕还林管理的辅助决策服务;它是集地理信息、管理信息、资源信息、动态信息于一体的应用软件。     

论继续推进沿海防护林体系工程建设的必要性

全国沿海防护林体系二期工程建设规划将于2015年完成,通过二期规划建设,工程取得了巨大成就,但依然存在较大增长空间和发展潜力,为了贯彻落实生态文明建设总体要求,进一步推动沿海防护林持续快速发展,充分发挥其生态、经济和社会效益,从八个方面对继续推进沿海防护林体系工程建设的必要性进行了论述,以期引起各级政府部门的高度重视和全社会关注,并尽早出台沿海防护林体系工程后期有关建设规划。     

基于W_V_Hegyi竞争指数的杉木竞争生长模型研究——以湖南省福寿国有林场杉木生态公益林为例

根据湖南省福寿国有林场杉木生态公益林(幼龄林、中龄林、近熟林)复测数据,通过研究Hegyi,V_Hegyi,W_V_Hegyi三种竞争指数与胸径的相关性,选择相关性最强的W_V_Hegyi竞争指数,构建单木竞争生长模型。以此为基础,用加权平均树高作为胸径生长量的权重,重新构建了单木竞争生长模型,并对W_V_Hegyi竞争指数分布规律进行分析,利用回归分析方法构建径阶竞争指数预估模型和径阶生长模型。通过基于加权胸径生长量与W_V_Hegyi竞争指数构建径阶生长模型,以期为林木从单木到林分的模拟提供新途径。     

海州露天矿土地复垦示范区土壤综合质量评价

为有效地治理和改善矿区恶劣生态环境,使废弃的土地资源得以充分利用,通过对阜新海州露天矿土地复垦示范区土壤有机质、全N、有效P、速效K、EC、pH值、含水量、容重、紧实度等指标进行测定,开展了复垦土壤质量综合评价。结果表明:不同复垦示范区土壤质量差异较大,沙打旺、冰草示范区土壤质量最好;杨树、油松示范区次之;耕地、侧柏示范区土壤质量较差。     

市级土地利用总体规划实施评估研究--以湖南省邵阳市为例

指出了第三轮土地利用总体规划目前已实施7年,随着新情况、新形势的出现,规划也出现了一些不适应性。探讨了土地利用总体规划实施监测评估体系的构建,并提出了相关建议,对规划的继续实施以及对新一轮规划的修编均能提供一定的参考依据。     

城市景观绿地规划问题与对策

指出了良好的城市景观绿地是城市生活的载体,体现了城市的文化与特色。概述了城市景观绿地的概念、分类和作用,提出了城市景观绿地规划设计原则和方法,为城市建设更好的发展提供参考。     

引江济汉工程起始段面源污染现状及防治对策

指出了防治面源污染是保护水源地的重要措施。对引江济汉工程起始段面源污染现状进行了调查分析,结果表明:引江济汉工程运行后,农田面积减少了40%,其中部分农田改为蔬菜等经济作物用地;化肥使用总量下降了41.7%,农药的使用总量也呈相同趋势下降,但农用地的平均化肥、农药使用量未发生显著变化,工程前后基本持平;区内水渠、沟渠阻塞严重,配套基础水利设施匮乏,灌溉条件差,地表径流与灌溉用水任意流失,面源污染的潜在威胁大,急需采取有针对性的治理措施。有针对性地提出了面源污染防治对策建议。