车用汽油长期储存后的使用

汽油在长途运输，长期储存及多次换装过程中。个别质量指标会发生变化，如汽油的馏程发生变化，辛烷值降低及实际胶质含量增多等，在使用中应特别注意，汽油在长期储存过程中应注意１减少轻组分的蒸发和延缓氧化变质；２．饱和储存，减少气体空间；３．避免与铜或其它金属接触；４．防止不杂对油品的污染；５．坚持储存化验，建立汽油质量档案。     

泰国政府投巨资收储农产品

以三色竹芋的侧芽为外植体，研究了三色竹芋不定芽诱导、增殖和生根的组织培养过程，并研究了6-BA浓度和继代次数对叶片颜色的影响。结果表明：以三色竹芋的侧芽为外植体，经过芽的分化、增殖和生根可获得批量组培苗；降低6-BA的浓度，减少继代次数，有利于保持叶片的颜色。     

全国森林防火中长期发展规划关键问题初探

森林防火规划是森林防火工作的重要组成部分。全国一期森林防火规划实施即将结束,二期规划的编制已经启动。文章对一期规划的成效和存在的问题进行分析,藉此,对二期规划的范围、布局、重点、保障等关键问题进行阐述。     

大叶榉愈伤组织诱导与继代培养的影响因素

以大叶榉种子的子叶、胚轴、顶芽、嫩枝叶片和茎段等为外植体 ,对大叶榉进行愈伤组织诱导及继代培养研究 .结果表明 :不同外植体的愈伤组织诱导能力有差异 ,其诱导率按高低顺序排列依次为子叶、胚轴、叶片、茎段和顶芽 ;愈伤组织质地、颜色、生长速度与基本培养基、外源激素有很大的关系 ,基本培养基以 WPM培养基最好 ;最佳诱导培养基不适合继代保存 ;在培养基中附加抗氧化剂并调整激素种类 ,可较好地防止褐变现象     

Potential long-term growth gains from early clump thinning of coppice-regenerated oak stands

A study was established in the Missouri Ozarks to evaluate coppice regeneration of oak. Five years after a 32-year-old stand was clearcut and regenerated naturally through stump sprouts, the dominant sprout on each stump was identified based upon height. Treated plots were thinned to the single dominant sprout on each stump whereas control plots were not thinned. Twenty-five years later the largest 247, 371, 494, and 618 stems per ha were examined and height of the dominant sprout at age 5 was found to be strongly related to dbh at age 30 in both thinned and unthinned plots. However, in the thinned plots, the largest 494 stems per ha were on average 11%, 28%, and 58% greater, respectively, in height, dbh, and volume compared to similar dominant sprouts in unthinned plots. Logistic regression analysis was used to develop curves for the evaluation of potential gains from clump thinning. In this analysis, the average height of a stand at age 5 was used to estimate thinning gains at age 30.     

咸阳耕地质量长期定位监测肥力变化初报

根据咸阳4 a耕地质量长期定位监测结果,比较分析了监测点的施肥水平、土壤养分水平以及丰缺区间样点的变化趋势,主要表现：全市监测点氮肥、磷肥施用量均为较高水平,钾肥为低水平,整体呈现南低北高。土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾丰缺水平分别为较高、中、中、较高,呈现南高北低,南部灌区土壤全氮有隔年交替增长趋向,速效磷4个丰缺水平区间均有分布,且数据变异最大,并从提升有机物质利用率、平衡土壤养分、重视pH值方面提出合理施肥建议。     

Effect of short‐term supplementation with rumen‐protected fat during the late luteal phase on reproduction and metabolism of ewes

This study was designed to study the effect of short‐term supplementation with rumen‐protected fat during the late luteal phase on reproduction and metabolism of sheep during breeding season. Seventy‐six ewes (Rahmani, Barki and Awassi × Barki) were allocated to two groups considering genotype: the control ewes (C‐group) received a maintenance diet, and the fat‐supplemented ewes (F‐group) received the maintenance diet plus 50 g/head/day of rumen‐ protected fat (Megalac) for 9 days during which oestrus was synchronized. The latter had been accomplished using double intramuscular injection of prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α) 11 days apart. Ovarian activity, serum concentration of cholesterol, glucose, insulin and reproductive performance variables were recorded. Data were analysed considering treatment (group) and genotype. Supplementation had positive effects on the overall mean serum concentrations of cholesterol (p < 0.05), glucose (p < 0.05) on day 6 of nutritional treatment and insulin (p = 0.07) on day 8. Fat supplementation did not affect the total number of follicles, follicle populations and ovulation rate. However, fat‐supplemented Rahmani ewes tended to have higher ovulation rate compared with other breeds (treatment × breed interaction, p = 0.06). Treatment also did not affect the mean concentration of serum estradiol or progesterone. Supplemented ewes had higher conception (p = 0.06) and lambing rates (p < 0.05) compared with control. In conclusion, short‐term supplementation with rumen‐protected fat as a source of energy around breeding time improved metabolism, conception and lambing rates of ewes without effects on steroidogenic capacity and ovarian activity being apparent.     

Analysis of series of variety trials with perennial crops

Field trials with perennial crops give rise to repeated measurements taken on the same plot on several occasions. It is important to account for serial correlation among repeated measurements in such trials. This study illustrates the use of mixed models for this purpose. We consider the analysis of trials conducted at several locations and the combination of trials with different starting years. A key issue in the analysis is the distinction between effects of calendar years, which are associated with external environmental variation, and harvest years, which represent internal yield formation processes of the perennial crop. Two methods of two‐stage analysis are compared with single‐stage analysis. It is shown that results of two‐stage analysis are very similar to those of single‐stage analysis, if serial correlation is properly taken into account. Program code for the MIXED procedure of the SAS system is given in an Appendix S1 for all considered cases.     

Carbon Sequestration in Soil Humic Substances Under Long-Term Fertilization in a Wheat-Maize System from North China

The changes in humic substances （HS） is fundamental in detecting soil carbon sequestration mechanisms in natural and cultivated environments. Based on a long-term trial, the amounts of water dissolved substances （WSS）, humic acid （HA）, fulvic acid （FA） and humin （HU） were determined to explore the impact of long-term fertilization on HS. Increases in the amounts of WSS, HA, FA and HU were significant different among the treatments with manure. A significant correlation was found between the increased soil organic carbon （SOC） and HS （R^2=0.98, P〈0.01）. The change in the E4/E6 ratio was significantly correlated with the increased SOC （R2=0.88, P〈0.01）, HA （R^2=0.91, P〈0.01）, FA （R^2=0.91, P〈0.01） and HU （R^2=0.88, P〈0.01）. The cluster was mainly divided into two parts as manure fertilization and inorganic fertilization, based on the increases in HA, FA and HU. These results suggest that long term fertilization with manure favours carbon sequestration in HS and is mainly stabilized as HU, while the HA becomes more aliphatic. We conclude that increases in SOC can be linked to changes in the molecular characteristics of HS fractions under long term fertilization.     

国庆菊继代增殖培养技术初探

为国庆菊的工厂化快繁提供理论依据,选取初代培养完成的国庆菊截取茎段作为外植体,分别以 MS、N6和 White 为基本成分,附加不同浓度细胞分裂素（6-BA）组成12种继代增殖培养基,研究了国庆菊继代增殖培养技术。结果表明：不同培养基培养,第11天开始长新叶,第15天开始长丛生芽,30 d 后增殖情况差异明显,MS 培养基的丛生芽最多,且旺盛;N6培养基的丛生芽较 MS 少但比 White 多且旺盛, White 培养基的丛生芽最少且最弱。细胞分裂素浓度为1．5 mg/L 的 MS 培养基的国庆菊丛生芽增殖倍数最大,达17．5;其次是浓度为0．5 mg/L 的 N6培养基,为11．5;浓度为0．5 mg/L 的 White 培养基的丛生芽增殖倍数最小,仅1．7。MS 是继代增殖培养的最适培养基,1．5 mg/L 是最适细胞分裂素浓度。