对提高农业院校科技成果转化效率的若干思考

首先分析了现阶段中国农业院校提高农业科技成果转化效率的现实意义,在此基础上以中国H农业大学为例,深入研究了中国农业院校在农业科技成果转化工作中存在的问题,并针对性地提出了解决对策。     

Effects of Alternative Molting Programs and Population on Layer Performance: Results of the Thirty-Fifth North Carolina Layer Performance and Management Test

A study involving 7 white-egg and 3 brown-egg commercial layer strains was conducted at the North Carolina Piedmont Research Station to assess the effects cage population 3-bird vs. 4-bird cages and alternative molt programs on performance through 113 wk of age (791 d). The flock was divided into 3 groups; not molted (NM), maintained in continuous production; molted using feed restriction (FR), an industry-type 14-d feed withdrawal molting program initiated at 463 d of age; and molted using a nonfasted/anorexic program (NF), in which an ad libitum supply of a low protein, low energy molt feed was provided. Productivity, egg size, and egg quality were monitored at 28-d periods throughout the test providing the performance data for the white-egg and brown-egg strains with regard to these management factors. Detailed results by strain are available on the following Web site: http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/poulsci/tech_info.html#layer. The performance for the 3-bird or 4-bird cage groups for either type of layer was similar, except that birds in 4-bird cages had higher feed consumption in the first production phase than did the birds in 3-bird cages. In the same time period the white-egg birds in the 3-bird cages had a greater percentage of cracked eggs and a smaller percentage of Grade A large eggs than those in 4-bird cages. No differences were observed in egg income for the 2 population sizes for either type of layer. However, due to their higher feed consumption, the white egg birds in the 4-bird cages had higher feed cost per hen for the first cycle, which was offset by the egg income component due to their increased production rate. The molted layers outperformed the nonmolted layers for both types of layers in terms of overall income over feed costs. The FR molted hens, under a program that has traditionally been used by commercial producers, outperformed NF-molted hens, indicating that further refinements are needed to make the NF program economically competitive with the FR molting program.     

THE OPTIMAL DECISTON OF ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT BY MARKOVIAN DECISION PROGRAMMING

This paper studies the tactics choice and its improvement in the development of economy by means of Markovian Decision Programming. An optimal decision and the maximum expected revenue can be obtained. The . paper also presents the procedures and formulas of numerical evaluation.     

An Analysis on China Neutral Technological Progress by Embodied Spillovers from North America

This paper empirically discusses the mechanism of China Neutral Technology by Embodied Spillovers from North America, and the effect on China economic growth. The simulations show that the effects of technology spillovers on both the innovating and the receiving economies depend on SS and AC. The three sectors spillovers of North America can improve China's Hicks-neutral technological progress, but only the third industry can increase the output of same industry of China, and decrease the output of other two industries. Based on the simulations, some advices are given on China trade policy.     

淄博市发展玉米收获机械化的经验与启示

玉米是我国的第二大粮食作物,但是玉米生产过程机械化水平较低,尤其是玉米收获环节机械化水平低,且总体上发展缓慢.因此,玉米收获机械化是我国北方玉米主产区农业机械化发展的重点.近年来,山东省玉米收获机械化出现快速发展势头,特别是山东省淄博市玉米收获机械化水平已经超过了50%,有些县区已经基本实现了玉米收获机械化.为此,从经济基础、农艺技术和农机技术基础、支持政策和农机管理等方面总结分析了淄博市发展玉米收获机械化的经验,并分析了全国玉米收获机械化发展所面临的农业生产工艺技术路线、农业技术装备体系及其农业机械化组织路线问题.在此基础上,提出了推进玉米收获机械化发展的措施.     

粮食生产的机械化问题

粮食牛产机械化是生产力发展的一个重要方而，也是一种必然趋势。机械化生产手段可以提高粮食产量，确保粮食生产持续发展，提高粮食生产效率和经济效益。粮食生产机械化不仅是农业技术变迁的一种自然发展过程，而且与制度变迁密切相关、互相促进。在粮食生产机械化中，有很多现实问题需要解决。     

残膜回收工艺和收膜机构

介绍了田间残膜的特性及机械化收膜工艺、残膜同收机中常用收膜机构的种类及工作特性，为残膜回收机的研究设计及主要工作部件结构的优化组合提供参考。     

LabVIEW编程语言特点

详细分析了LabVIEW编程语言的优缺点:作为一门图形化的编程语言,结合NI公司的配套硬件设备,在仪器开发领域其优势明显,得到了越来越多的重视。然而作为一门编程语言, 它虽然有自己的特点,但也不是万能的,也有其不足之处。     

试验数据曲线拟合的简便计算法

着重介绍了以微型计算机为工具对两组有未知关系的试验数据进行回归方差分析及曲线拟合的简单易行的计算方法，介绍了微机程序设计思想及关键，并给出了程序设计框图，对泵的性能测试，喷灌管道水力损失试验及泵站测试数据的处理有一定的指导和借鉴意义。