三维全景视觉技术在农业机器人中的应用

提出了将同步多相机全景技术应用于农业机器人的思路和方法。基于同步多相机系统的特点,推导了直接计算法进行全景拼接;阐述了单镜头定向方法,给出了多相机系统坐标系与单镜头坐标系定向结果的转换公式,并给出了全景图中坐标计算的方法。     

设区市森林资源市县联动监测体系研究

综合运用固定样地监测、森林资源档案更新、补充调查、复位调查、模型更新、马尔科夫转移模型估计和线性回归估计等监测方法,以杭州市为研究地,探讨构建设区市森林资源市县联动监测体系。研究表明：设区市森林资源市县联动监测体系可由市级抽样控制调查监测体系和县级二类调查动态监测体系两部分组成,市级抽样控制调查监测以宏观性监测为主,县级二类调查动态监测主要是通过与市级抽样控制调查联动,采用不同数据更新方法,对各县域副总体的二类调查数据进行更新。通过监测,不仅取得了设区市总体森林资源数据,而且获取了同一时段所辖各县的森林资源数据。实践证明,所构建的设区市森林资源市县联动监测体系,能与现有监测体系进行有效对接,并实现了市县两级森林资源同步联动监测。图2参18     

小型农牧场及农户波尔山羊胚胎移植关键技术研究

从小型农牧场及农户特点出发,探讨在这些场(户)进行波尔山羊胚胎移植时,供体超数排卵、受体同期发情、供受体羊胚胎回收和移植操作等关键技术对胚胎移植效率的影响。结果表明,调整供、受体母羊的发情周期并采用优化超排程序和同期发情程序,可获得理想的超排和同期发情结果,有效手术供体回收卵数平均达到(17.31±6.93)枚,可用胚(14.96±6.28)枚;受体同期发情率达到94.28%(2125/2254),手术受体利用率为86.55%(1602/1851)。严格而熟练的手术操作可提高供体利用次数,获得理想的胚胎移植结果,将2648枚胚胎移植给1602只受体后,妊娠率达到66.85%(1071/1602),其中1044只受体妊娠足月,产羔1320只。     

大斑芫菁和棉蝗间的发育同步性研究

寄生物和寄主的发育关联研究已有很多报道,而人们对捕食者与猎物的同步发育关系却知之甚少。本文研究了大斑芫菁Mylabris phalerata及其猎物棉蝗Chondracris rosear osea在18℃、22℃、25℃、28℃、31℃和34℃恒温下的发育特性及发育同步性。大斑芫菁幼虫(除5龄外)发育起点温度均低于10℃,而棉蝗每个阶段的发育起点温度都高于10℃。大斑芫菁5龄幼虫的有效积温为440.53日度,低于棉蝗卵的462.96日度,并且大斑芫菁1～4龄幼虫的有效积温均少于1～4龄蝗蝻。大斑芫菁成虫出现、卵孵化和幼虫滞育解除日期与棉蝗产卵和卵孵化日期,显示大斑芫菁的发育和棉蝗的发育具有季节同步性,而且大斑芫菁的滞育同步化了大斑芫菁和棉蝗的发育。     

Co-encapsulation and sustained-release of four components in ginkgo terpenes from injectable PELGE nanoparticles

It is difficult to develop injectable sustained delivery systems for herbal medicines because of their composition complexity. Encapsulating various compounds with different physiochemical properties and achieving their synchronized and sustained release seem too hard to realize. In this paper, an injectable nanoparticulate system based on an mPEG-PLGA-mPEG (PELGE) platform was prepared for co-encapsulation and sustained release of four active components (ginkgolides A, B, C and bilobalide) in Ginkgo biloba extract. Different carriers were screened by macrophage uptake experiment for their ability to be long-circulation. Drug loaded nanoparticles were prepared with 10% PEG(2000) modified PLGA by a co-precipitation method. The encapsulation efficiency of the total ginkgo terpenes (GT) in the optimal formulation was 78.84±2.06% with a loading dose of 11.90±0.31mg/150mg PELGE. The particles exhibited a spherical shape with a mean diameter of 123.3±44.0nm and zeta potential of -30.86±2.49mV. Sustained and synchronized release of the four components from PELGE nanoparticles was observed both in vitro and in vivo, which was mainly contributed to the long circulation of PEGylated nanoparticles and the slow degradation of PLGA. The half-life time of the four terpenoid compounds were also significantly improved by incorporation into PELGE nanoparticles. The results indicate that a PELGE nanoparticle is a promising carrier system for sustained and synchronized release of herbal medicines containing multiple components.     

非繁殖季节太行山羊胚胎移植方案研究

对48只太行山羊(供体羊)、40只布尔山羊和120只唐山奶山羊(受体羊)进行了同期发情、超数排卵和胚胎移植试验.试验结果表明:CIDR+PMSG组对布尔山羊同期发情,有效发情率为75%;CIDR+FSH组对唐山奶山羊同期发情,有效发情率为73%;CIDR+FSH+LH组平均可用胚胎数与CIDR+PMSG组和CIDR+PMSG+LH组差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),与CIDR+FSH组差异显著(P<0.05).用CIDR+FSH+LH法超数排卵时,CIDR+FSH组对唐山奶山羊进行同步发情,受体妊娠率为56%;CIDR+PMSG组对布尔山羊同步发情,受体妊娠率为60%水平.因此,在非繁殖季节对太行山羊采用CIDR+FSH+LH法超数排卵和以布尔山羊及唐山奶山羊为受体分别用CIDR+PMSG和CIDR+FSH同步发情来进行胚胎移植的技术方案是可行的.     

青年绵羊非发情季节的诱导发情试验

在绵羊的非发情季节,对117头青年绵羊进行了诱导发情试验。诱导发情试验羊的发情率和受胎率均高于对照组,差异极显著(P<0.01)。试验证明应用“孕激素45毫克皮下埋植9天,取出埋植管后肌肉注射PMSG每公斤体重15IV和苯甲酸雌二醇0.3毫克”处理,其发情率为87.1％,受胎率为85.2％,优于其他处理。     

A Comparative Study on the Oestrous Response to PGF2α Analogue Treatment,and Conception Rates According to Time of Artificial Insemination,in Zebu (Bos indicus) and Baoulé (Bos taurus) Cattle

The oestrous response, interval and conception rates were studied after synchronization with a prostaglandin analogue (cloprostenol) and artificial insemination (AI) performed at different times in 50 Zebu (Bos indicus) and 83 Baoulé (Bos taurus) cattle indigenous to Burkina Faso. The overall proportion of cows responding to synchronization was 70% (93/133). Although the response was higher for the Baoulé cattle, at 73.5% (61/83), than for the Zebu, at 64% (32/50), the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The mean oestrous interval from treatment to the onset of oestrus (TOI) was shorter in the Zebu (54.1 h, SD 6.7) than in Baoulé (65.2 h, SD 12.9) cattle (p<0.001). Of the Zebu (n = 32) that responded, 65.7% presented oestrus over a period of 12 h ranging from 48 h to 60 h after treatment. For the Baoulé cows, the highest proportion of animals in oestrus over a period of 12 h was 41% between 60 h and 72 h after treatment. The frequency distribution of onset of the oestrus indicated that up to 64.5% of the Zebu and 79.5% of the Baoulé cattle showed onset of oestrus during the daytime. For Zebu and Baoulé cows inseminated 13 h or 18 h after the onset of oestrus, conception rates were 56% and 57% (p>0.05) and 33% and 64% (p<0.05), respectively. Based on these findings, it appears that the oestrous response to synchronization was adequate for both Zebu and Baoulé cattle and that the time to onset of oestrus varied according to genotype. It was also concluded that conception rates were satisfactory for both genotypes but that, for Baoulé cattle, AI performed 18 h after oestrus significantly increased conception rates compared to AI at 13 h after oestrus.     

水中健身操与花样游泳之比较研究

水中健身操是一项新兴的体育运动项目，近年来在国家体育总局的大力推广下，至今已连续举办五届全国水中健身操比 赛。由于这两个项目的比赛,都是结合音乐的伴奏，在水中表演性的项目。国家体育总局在游泳运动分类明确把水中健身操列为 大众体育项目，花样游泳列为竞技体育项目，二者有本质上的不同。通过对这两个项目的起源和发展、概念和项目特点、竞赛 目的和运动理念方面进行比较研究，滤清二者之间的关系和区别，为水中健身操项目今后进一步的发展提供参考依据。     

适合猪圆环病毒2生长的PK15均质细胞株的构建

为筛选出PCV2培养滴度最高的PK15细胞克隆株,采用稀释法从PK15混合细胞中分离单细胞克隆株,获得的细胞克隆用于接毒试验,即用同步接种法将猪圆环病毒2(PCV2)病毒细胞混合液以1∶100的比例接种单克隆细胞,接毒后经PCR与定量PCR检测得出A10细胞克隆培养PCV2,获得的病毒含量最高。将A10细胞进行第2轮细胞克隆,之后用同步接种法和异步接种法将PCV2感染A10细胞,并检测A10细胞接毒后的PCV2 DNA 含量,2种接毒方法获得的最高PCV2基因组的拷贝数分别为3.0×109、6.2×109/mL,高于用PK15混合细胞培养PCV2所获得的最高PCV2基因组拷贝数(107/mL)。综合以上结果,构建的PK15均质细胞克隆株比PK15混合细胞更适合PCV2的培养。