茶树新品系新选801和新选807的白茶适制性鉴定

试验选用茶树杂交种新选801和新选807制得白茶茶样27个,从萎凋变化规律、审评得分和生化指标3个方面对其进行白茶适制性鉴定.结果表明,2个新品系与对照种福鼎大毫茶一样,会随萎凋时间延长,水浸出物、咖啡碱和茶多酚含量呈下降趋势变化,而氨基酸和可溶性糖含量则呈上升趋势变化.对品种间在审评得分及氨基酸、茶多酚和可溶性糖含量方面的差异作可重复双因素方差分析,结果表明,2个新品系与对照种福鼎大毫荼在感官审评得分、氨基酸、可溶性糖和水浸出物含量方面的差异均达到了极显著水平.新选801、新选807适合付制白茶.     

红薯酸奶的工艺研究

研究红薯深加工产品红薯酸奶的加工工艺、配方,对红薯酸奶加工工艺关键技术要点进行探讨,提出了较佳的工艺参数.     

超甜玉米优质高产栽培研究

超甜玉米作为一种新型的果蔬型食品,在很多国家都已经迅速发展,成为重要的种植作物。通过种植超甜玉米,种植业结构可以得到有效改善,这对于种植业经济效益的提高具有重要意义。笔者就对超甜玉米的优质高产栽培技术进行了探讨,以期为超甜玉米的栽培种植提供参考。     

绿茶低温负压干燥工艺优化研究

干燥是绿茶品质定型的关键工序之一,为生产优质绿茶,尤其是保留色泽和营养成分,对绿茶的干燥工艺进行了探索。通过比较传统热风干燥和低温负压干燥,发现低温负压的干燥效率平均提高30%,且在内质成分保留方面具有明显优势。分别以干燥时间、叶绿素、水浸出物、氨基酸,儿茶素和茶多酚含量为考察指标,采用多指标正交试验优化绿茶低温负压干燥工艺,结果表明,绿茶最优低温负压干燥条件为干燥温度75℃,负压(0.03MPa)4min,低温15min。应用最优工艺加工超微茶粉,与传统工艺超微茶粉比较发现,低温负压干燥技术可有效保留原茶主要品质成分,提高超微茶粉品质。     

黄瓜等作物广谱营养液的遴选

采用最适吸收范围内的离子组合、制成营养液为拟广谱营养液，与科威特Ａｔａｒ黄瓜营养液、欧洲茄子、甜椒营养液，日本园试配方营养液作互比试验．结果表明：该营养液栽培黄瓜，分别比科威特Ａｔａｒ黄瓜配方、日本园试配方增产１５％，旺收期分别提前１５天和２～３天；栽培茄子，产量与欧洲茄子配方相似，但旺收期提前７天；栽培甜椒比欧洲甜椒配方增产３０％，旺收期提前１２天．表现出明显的早熟、优质和高产的特征．在该配方中加１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ铵态氮也完全适合秋黄瓜的无土栽培．     

Yield performance of interspecific F1 hybrids of the greek mountain tea, Sideritis spp. L.

Interspecific F₁ hybrids were produced after artificial intercrossing of six Sideritis species indigenous to Greece, namely: S. athoa, S. euboea, S. syriaca, S. raeseri, S. scardica, S. clandestina and a cultivated clone of S. raeseri. It was found that all species cross with each other, but the level of crossability varied with the cross-combination. In the yield evaluation experiments, the interspecific hybrids with a common female parent were considered as a group. It was observed that yield during the year of establishment was relatively low, but the interspecific hybrids out-yielded the control in both fresh and dry weight. All hybrids produced higher yields in the following years and their productivity started to decline after the fifth year. All hybrids produced higher yields than the control in all six years of the experiment. The highest yield over the years, in fresh and dry weight, was produced by the group Sideritis raeseri cultivated clone (cc) ×Sideritis spp. This yield, however, was not always significantly different from the yield produced by the second in the rank group (S. clandestina×Sideritis spp.). A high correlation (r > 0.99) between fresh and dry weight was observed. The two groups with the highest yield also had the highest essential oil content. In addition, all the interspecific hybrids had a higher essential oil content than the control species. Furthermore, the essential oil content of the selected individual hybrid plants ranged between the midparental value to a value higher than the high-parental species, indicating an additive and dominance gene action. It was also found that the content of the essential oil in the seven most important components (pinene, lemonene, cynene, menthone, copaene, caryophyllene and valerianic ester) varied from hybrid to hybrid. Given that Sideritis reproduces mainly asexually, the direct use of individual interspecific hybrids with higher yield and content in essential oil than the control species is possible in cultivation.     

云南野生茶树的地理分布及形态多样性

云南是世界茶树的原产地和起源中心,茶树种质资源种类众多,遗传多样性丰富,在茶学研究中占有非常重要地位。通过野外调查与文献资料的整理,对云南野生茶树资源的地理分布和形态多样性进行了调查,结果显示：（1）野生茶树在云南分布广泛,主要集中在西双版纳、普洱、保山等8个地区;（2）野生茶树与栽培茶树在形态上有明显差异;（3）云南野生茶树在形态分类上有22个种和2个变种,野生茶树呈现丰富形态多样性;（4）生境破坏是导致野生茶树数量锐减的主要原因,建议今后应加强珍稀濒危野生茶树种质的调查、收集保存、生态型及遗传多样性的研究和利用,为促进茶树新品种选育及茶产业可持续发展提供丰富的资源技术基础。     

不同类型杜仲雄花茶活性成分的含量测定

采用紫外分光光度法和高效液相色谱法测定杜仲雄花茶中总黄酮、绿原酸及京尼平苷含量,探讨不同原料生产的杜仲雄花茶活性成分含量差异。结果表明,杜仲雄花茶中总黄酮、绿原酸及京尼平苷含量分别为1.89%～6.22%、0.06%～2.81%、0.06%～2.09%;不同类型杜仲雄花茶中各类活性成分含量有所差异,以花朵为原料生产的杜仲雄花茶中总黄酮含量和绿原酸含量均为最高,以花蕊为原料生产的杜仲雄花茶中京尼平苷含量最高,发酵杜仲雄花茶中各类活性成分含量均偏低。本研究可为开发不同保健功能杜仲雄花茶提供理论依据,有利于进一步推动杜仲雄花资源的开发利用。     

浅述乌龙茶空调做青技术及其改进策略

做青温、湿度的控制对乌龙茶香气和滋味的形成具有重要作用。主要综述了乌龙茶做青的空调选择、空调做青技术及其在采用空调做青过程中温、湿度控制的重要性,并提出提高和稳定空调做青后乌龙茶品质的方法。