First report of the Q biotype ofBemisia tabaci in Japan by mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequence analysis

The recent upsurgence ofBemisia tabaci (Genn.) as an important insect pest and vector ofTomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is directly linked to serious damage to tomato crops grown throughout Japan. The molecular genetic identification and phylogenetic relationships of 12B. tabaci populations collected from representative locations in Japan were determined based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) sequence. Phylogenetic analysis of the whitefly mtCOI sequence indicated that both the invasive B and Q biotypes now occur in Japan. The Q biotype was found at four locations: Mihara in Hiroshima, Nishigoshi in Kumamoto, Miyanojo and Okuchi in Kagoshima prefectures; the remaining eight collections were identified as the B biotype. This is the first report of the introduction of Q biotype in Japan. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 21, 2006.     

甘薯地土壤线虫群体分布规律及取样方法研究

在5年连作甘薯地,于甘薯移栽前和移栽后的不同时间,调查甘薯穴中和穴间、株间和行间以及各样点不同土层线虫的群体数量。分析明确了植物寄生线虫和非植物寄生线虫群体的水平分布和垂直分布规律,提出了研究和了解甘薯地土壤线虫发生动态的调查取样方法。     

甜玉米田玉米螟发生危害及防治措施

甜玉米在我国大面积种植历史较短,对甜玉米田亚洲玉米螟发生危害和防治技术研究较少。本文对国内外甜玉米上玉米螟成虫产卵习性、幼虫危害和防治技术研究和应用现状进行了综述,为我国甜玉米田亚洲玉米螟的研究和防治提供参考。     

Leaf necrosis and twig dieback of sweet persimmon (Dyospiros kaki L.) caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae in Italy

In spring 1996, extensive leaf necrosis and twig dieback were observed on young sweet persimmon (Dyospiros kaki L.) trees, cultivars O'Gosho, Hachija, Mercatelli and Kaki-tipo planted in the Abruzzo region (central Italy). Many trees were killed. When the dieback reached the trunk, in many cases, new vegetation was noticed above the graft point. The cultivar Jiro-C was not affected by the disease. During 1997, no symptoms were observed on any plant. The orchard was planted in a clay soil with a very low content of organic matter. Biochemical, nutritional and pathogenicity tests indicated Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall as the causal agent of the disease. This is the first report of this bacterium as a pathogen of sweet persimmon in Europe.     

棚栽日本网纹甜瓜病虫害发生情况调查

针对网纹甜瓜生长最为关键的开花和座果期进行了网纹甜瓜的病虫害系统调查。调查结果显示,网纹甜瓜主要病虫害有温室白粉虱、蚜虫、美洲斑潜蝇、瓜绢螟、蛞蝓、枯萎病、霜霉病和病毒病;发生最严重的害虫是温室白粉虱,其次是蚜虫,其后依次是美洲斑潜蝇、瓜绢螟和蛞蝓,最高虫口密度分别达57头/叶、35头/叶、6头/株、27头/百株、21头/百株;在病害中,最早出现的病害是霜霉病,然后是病毒病和枯萎病。霜霉病病株率从3%不断上升至11%;病毒病病株率从3%不断上升至15%,枯萎病病株率从1%上升至8%,其中以枯萎病造成的损失最重。     

Osmotically Primed Seed and Seedling Reactions to Variations in Day/Night Temperature

The effects of alternating day/night temperatures, varying in maxima and minima but all averaging 30 °C, on germination and seedling characteristics of Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench) were investigated. Seeds of sorghum CSV 15 were soaked in 2, 4 or 6 g NaCl l⁻¹ solutions for 2 days at 25 °C, soaked in water for 1 day at 25 °C, or untreated. After treatment, drying and storage, seeds were germinated at 30/30 (day/night), 35/25, 40/20 or 41/19 °C temperature regimes under a polyethylene glycol-induced drought level of −3 bar. Results revealed no advancement of germination percentage but a partial increase in germination speed by osmotic seed treatments. All three osmotic treatments also reduced the plumule/radicle ratio owing to a speculated increase in root over shoot growth. Temperature regimes significantly influenced both germination and seedling characteristics with the optimum temperature appearing to be 35/25 °C. Increasing the temperature amplitude from 30/30 to 35/25 °C increased germination speed, which was reduced by incremental increases in temperature amplitude to 40/20 or 41/19 °C.     

超甜玉米新品种‘粤甜20号’

 ‘粤甜20号’是以自交系‘XWY’为母本、‘TT5-2’为父本杂交育成的甜玉米新品种。平均鲜果穗产量为16 255.5 ~ 16 377 kg · hm^-2，穗长18.3 ~ 21.6 cm，单苞鲜质量356.5 g，穗粗5.0 cm，籽粒可溶性糖含量30.54% ~ 31.81%，籽粒果皮厚度64.42 ~ 69.31 µm，适口性好，外观商品性佳，适应性强。     

能源用甜高粱辽甜1号选育报告

辽甜1号(L0201A/LTR102)是以自选不育系L0201A为母本,以LTR102为父本组配而成的能源用甜高粱杂交种。该杂交种茎秆产量高,茎秆多糖多汁,含糖锤度高,高抗丝黑穗病、叶病轻、抗倒伏,乙醇转化率高。生育期适中,作为能源作物在有效积温≥2 850℃的地区均可种植。     

黄瓜等作物广谱营养液的遴选

采用最适吸收范围内的离子组合、制成营养液为拟广谱营养液，与科威特Ａｔａｒ黄瓜营养液、欧洲茄子、甜椒营养液，日本园试配方营养液作互比试验．结果表明：该营养液栽培黄瓜，分别比科威特Ａｔａｒ黄瓜配方、日本园试配方增产１５％，旺收期分别提前１５天和２～３天；栽培茄子，产量与欧洲茄子配方相似，但旺收期提前７天；栽培甜椒比欧洲甜椒配方增产３０％，旺收期提前１２天．表现出明显的早熟、优质和高产的特征．在该配方中加１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ铵态氮也完全适合秋黄瓜的无土栽培．     

Purification and Trypsin Inhibitor Activity of a Sporamin B from Sweet Potato （Ipomoea batatas Lam. 55-2）

Sporamin is a soluble protein in sweet potato, and falls into two distinct homology groups, subfamilies A and B. In this research, a sporamin B was purified and its amino acid sequences, trypsin inhibitor activity （Ti activity） were analyzed. This sporamin B was isolated from sweet potato tubers [Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam cv. 55-2] through extraction of the water-soluble fraction, dialysis, ultrafiltration and ion-exchange chromatography. Homology determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that mainly one bond appeared in gel after being reduced by SDS （sodium dodecyl sulfate）, or by SDS and 2-mercaptoethanol, or in native situation. By comparing the data of the polypeptide mass Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight （MALDI-TOF） mass spectrometry with those of the mass of the theoretical amino acid sequences from NCBI protein database, it was revealed that it was Q40091｜Q40091_IPOBA, sweet potato sporamin B - Ipomoea Batatas （sweet potato） （Batate）. The sequence coverage was 70.6%. N-terminal sequence was SETPV （Ser-Glu-Thr-Pro-Val）. There is a linear relationship between trypsin inhibitor activity （Ti activity） and amounts of this sporamin B （3-18 μg mL-1）. The equation of linear regression was y = 2.5809x ＋ 17.049 （r2 = 0.9966）. There was a curvilinear relationship between Ti activity and amounts of this sporamin B （21-150 μg mL-1）. The equation of curvilinear regression is y = 14.417ln（x） ＋ 23.26 （r2 = 0.9924）. The concentration of sporamin B with Ti activity after heating at 40°C may induce part denature of this sporamin B, and there was no statistic difference after heating at 40, 50, 60°C for 20 min. Heat treatment at more than 90°C leads to a dramatic decrease of trypsin inhibitor efficiency. The results suggested that Q40091｜Q40091_IPOBA was the major sporamin B in sweet potato tubers [Ipomoea Batatas （L.） Lam cv. 55-2], which had strong Ti activity, and was stable to both thermal and DTT （DL-dithiothreitol） relatively.