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81.
甘肃省经济林持续发展的经济学分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
立足于区域经济学的角度,从影响区域经济活动的资源禀赋、资源配置能力、区域条件、外部环境四个方面阐述了甘肃省经济林发展的现状,以期对未来甘肃省经济林的持续发展提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
82.
YE Qing ;YANG Xiao-guang ;LIU Zhi-juan ;DAI Shu-wei ;LI Yong ;XIE Wen-juan ;CHEN Fu 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2014,(7):1546-1554
Based on climate data from 254 meteorological stations, this study estimated the effects of climate change on rice planting boundaries and potential yields in the southern China during 1951-2010. The results indicated a signiifcant northward shift and westward expansion of northern boundaries for rice planting in the southern China. Compared with the period of 1951-1980, the average temperature during rice growing season in the period of 1981-2010 increased by 0.4°C, and the northern planting boundaries for single rice cropping system (SRCS), early triple cropping rice system (ETCRS), medium triple cropping rice system (MTCRS), and late triple cropping rice system (LTCRS) moved northward by 10, 30, 52 and 66 km, respectively. In addition, compared with the period of 1951-1980, the suitable planting area for SRCS was reduced by 11%during the period of 1981-2010. However, the suitable planting areas for other rice cropping systems increased, with the increasing amplitude of 3, 8, and 10%for ETCRS, MTCRS and LTCRS, respectively. In general, the light and temperature potential productivity of rice decreased by 2.5%. Without considering the change of rice cultivars, the northern planting boundaries for different rice cropping systems showed a northward shift tendency. Climate change resulted in decrease of per unit area yield for SRCS and the annual average yields of ETCRS and LTCRS. Nevertheless, the overall rice production in the entire research area showed a decreasing trend even with the increasing trend of annual average yield for MTCRS. 相似文献
83.
84.
中国岩溶地区农业持续发展战略问题与对策研究 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
Research Group of Sustainable Agricultural Development in Karst Regions of China Chinese Academy of Engineering 《草业学报》1999,(Z1)
我国岩溶地区存在许多发展经济的困难 ,如水土流失严重 ,石漠化加剧 ;人口过度增长 ,贫困面大 ;农耕土地质量差 ,农业生产水平低 ;半年干旱 ,地表水缺乏 ;地方交通不便 ,商品经济发展滞后 ;教育文化落后 ,科技普及困难等。同时也存在巨大潜力 ,如水热资源、生物资源、能源、矿产资源丰富 ,旅游资源独具特色 ,以及地缘优势。在制订农业发展战略目标时 ,应坚持以下原则 :可持续发展的大农业原则 ;以生态经济区域为依据、分类指导的原则 ;占有市场一定份额的大产业原则 ;国内和国际大交换原则 ;提高全民素质的大科技原则。为中国岩溶地区农业持续发展提出 5项重大建议 :加大对岩溶地区扶贫攻坚的支持力度 ,分类指导 ,着力解决特困地区、特困乡村和特困农户的脱贫问题 ;建立以林为主的生态恢复与重建示范工程 ;建立以草地畜牧业为主的资源开发利用产业化示范工程 ;适当加大政策倾斜力度 ,支持岩溶山区支柱产业发展和基础设施建设 ;将“岩溶地区农业持续发展的战略问题与对策研究”列入国家重点攻关研究项目和国家级农业发展综合示范工程项目 ,组织协同攻关 相似文献
85.
86.
《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(2-3):101-117
Abstract We review and discuss the applicability of mixed stands in the context of sustainable forestry in southern Sweden. This is done from a silvicultural perspective regarding aspects such as regeneration, pre-commer-cial thinnings, production, economy, damage and policy implications. The paper is based on literature reviews and on studies performed in southern Sweden or under comparable conditions. After considering the underlying mechanisms, we find that it is possible to establish a mixed stand in the regeneration phase and sometimes even to a lower cost compared to monocultures. To keep the mixture, or to create it, with pre-commercial thinnings is, however, often more expensive. The reviewed studies, together with a new simulation, show that the effect on productivity of mixed stands compared to monocultures is minor. Some positive effects on damage (i.e., decreased levels) in mixed stands have been found. The economy and the policy implications of mixed stand management were found to be dependent on the specific stand and situations. A general finding was that research and knowledge of managing mixed stands, as compared to monocultures, are limited, which in turn could limit the applicability of mixed stand management. 相似文献
87.
88.
K. Marshall 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2014,131(5):329-340
Developing country livestock production systems are diverse and dynamic, and include those where existing indigenous breeds are currently optimal and likely to remain so, those where non‐indigenous breed types are already in common use, and systems that are changing, such as by intensification, where the introduction of new breed types represents significant opportunities. These include opportunities to improve the livelihood of the world's poor, increase food and nutrition security and enhance environmental sustainability. At present, very little research has focused on this issue, such that significant knowledge gaps in relation to breed‐change interventions remain. The purpose of this study is to raise awareness of this issue and suggests strategic research areas to begin filling these knowledge gaps. Such strategic research would include (i) assessing the impact of differing breed types in developing country livestock productions systems, from a range of viewpoints including intrahousehold livelihood benefit, food and nutrition security at different scales, and environmental sustainability; (ii) identification of specific livestock production systems within developing countries, and the type of livestock keepers within these system, that are most likely to benefit from new breed types; and (iii) identification of new breed types as candidates for in‐situ testing within these systems, such as through the use of spatial analysis to identify similar production environments combined with community acceptance studies. Results of these studies would primarily assist stakeholders in agriculture, including both policy makers and livestock keepers, to make informed decisions on the potential use of new breed types. 相似文献
89.
花生连作障碍与根系分泌物自毒作用的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
中国花生主产区的连作面积较大,连作障碍已成为影响花生产量的重要因素之一。目前,化感作用研究已成为揭示连作障碍机制的热点。本研究系统综述了连作对花生生育、产量、品质、营养吸收、生理特性和病害的影响;介绍了植物化感自毒作用与根系分泌物的概念,以及根系分泌物对花生生育的影响;总结了缓解花生连作障碍的措施包括合理轮作、土壤灭菌、添加有益微生物或营养元素以及采用综合措施等。并对花生连作障碍相关研究中的热点问题进行了探讨,以期为指导中国花生生产,实现花生生产的可持续发展提供理论和技术支持。 相似文献
90.
生态草坪与草坪生态工程--我国草坪持续发展的必由之路 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
就所历、所见、所闻,讨论了普及建植草坪15年来的成败和改进途径。探讨了生态草坪的定义和可能性,以及我国草坪生态工程应特别关注的7个题目。 相似文献