杨树嫁接苗生长量与伐根直径及嫁接株数关系的研究

为了搞清杨树嫁接苗成活率和生长量与伐根直径及嫁接株数的关系 ,对杂交杨伐根嫁接冀秦 1号杨、冀秦 2号杨、冀秦 3号杨、山海关杨、加杨、 1- 2 14杨进行了研究。结果表明 :接穗品种虽不同但同属黑杨派 ,其嫁接在相同伐根上的成活率及胸径生长量均无显著差异 ;在本研究范围内 ,嫁接株数对嫁接苗的生长量产生显著的影响 ,而伐根直径及其交互作用对其影响不显著 ;伐根直径在 15～ 2 5cm时以嫁接 3株为宜 ,在 2 6～ 30cm时可嫁接 4株     

Fitting growth with the von Bertalanffy growth function: a comparison of three approaches of multivariate analysis of fish growth in aquaculture experiments

Three approaches for multivariate analysis of fish growth in aquaculture experiments with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus niloticus L.) based on the von Bertalanffy growth curve are presented and compared. The approaches are: an extended Gulland‐and‐Holt (GH) plot, a forced extended GH plot and a multilinear regression analysis for the growth parameter K. All three models provide valuable insight into the major environmental factors influencing the daily growth rate and explain 28–46% of the variance of the observed daily growth rate of the used data set. For all three methods, the modelled parameter is significantly related to the net yield of Nile tilapia and can, therefore, be used for the predictive modelling of management scenarios. The extended GH plot loads the influence of environmental parameters upon L_∞, while the forced extended GH plot and Direct fitting of K load the influence on the growth parameter K. The latter is more in the tradition of aquaculture research. But the forced extended GH plot and Direct fitting of K can only be applied if L_∞ of the cultured species is known, as the selected L_∞ influences the variance in the regression variables.     

Phenotypic plasticity induced using high ambient temperature during embryogenesis in domesticated zebrafish,Danio rerio

Ambient temperature during early stages of life has a substantial effect on physiological processes, eliciting phenotypic plasticity during zebrafish developmental stages. Zebrafish are known to possess a noteworthy ability to modify their phenotype in dependence of environmental factors. However, there is a poor understanding of the effects of temperature during embryogenesis, which influences the biological functions such as survival ability and masculinization in later developmental stages. Since the middle embryonic phase (pharyngula period) is genetically the most conserved stage in embryogenesis, it is very susceptible to embryonic lethality in developmental processes of vertebrates. Here, we tested the effect of transient perturbations (heat shock) during early development (5–24 hr post‐fertilization; hpf) at 35°C compared to control group at 28°C, on survival ability of zebrafish to study the embryonic and post‐embryonic mortality. We studied the variation of heat‐induced masculinization among and across the families in response to high temperature. Furthermore, morphometric traits of adult zebrafish at different developmental time points were measured in order to estimate the temperature × sex interaction effect. We found the highest embryonic mortality around the gastrula and segmentation periods in both experimental groups, with significantly lower survival ability in the temperature‐treated group (73.30% ± 0.58% vs. 70.19% ± 0.57%, respectively). A higher hatching success was observed in the control group (71.08% ± 0.61%) compared to the heat‐induced group (67.95% ± 0.60%). A distinct reduction in survival ability was also observed in both experimental groups during the first two weeks after hatching, followed by a reduced level of changes thereafter. We found sex ratio imbalances across all families, with 25.2% more males under temperature treatment. Our study on growth performance has shown a positive effect of increased temperature on growth plasticity, with a greater impact on female fish in response to high ambient temperature.     

牡丹嫁接成活率试验研究

进行牡丹嫁接成活率试验,结果表明:嫁接时间早、采用贴接法、选择适应强的品种、以牡丹根作砧木进行嫁接繁殖,在一定程度上能提高嫁接成活率。     

ESP值和黏粒含量对土壤表面封闭作用的影响

降雨导致土壤表面结皮形成封闭是自然现象,它能降低土壤入渗,增加土表径流,导致土壤侵蚀。该文系统地研究了不同性质土壤表面的封闭作用过程,分别确定封闭过程中的物理机械作用和化学作用。试验采用了具有不同土壤交换性钠百分率(ESP)值(2、5、10、20)和黏粒含量(10％、20％、40％、60％)的4种土壤进行降雨模拟试验,通过土壤表面播撒磷石膏(PG)(2000 kg/hm²)和PG与聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)(PG 2000 kg/hm²+PAM 20 kg/hm²)混合物的处理,分别抑制了土壤的化学封闭和物理封闭,论述了ESP值和黏粒含量对土壤化学封闭和物理封闭作用的影响,结果表明：在高ESP值土壤中,化学封闭作用占土壤封闭的主导作用;低ESP值土壤中,土壤的物理封闭作用增大。当黏粒含量较低时,土壤物理封闭作用较低;当黏粒含量较大时,土壤物理封闭作用显著增大。     

展青霉孢子数与棒曲霉毒素含量关系的研究

重点研究展青霉在苹果汁培养基中、在静置培养和振荡培养2种培养方式下,生成的孢子数目与其棒曲霉素含量之间的关系。根据实验数据绘制出了二者之间的关系曲线,利用回归方法建立了二者的关系曲线方程。研究结果证实,展青霉在培养过程中产生的孢子数目与其棒曲霉素含量之间存在着一定的数量关系。     

塔里木河干流中游胡杨种群特征与动态分析

通过样地调查和数据统计,编制胡杨种群静态生命表,绘制存活曲线、生存率曲线、累计死亡率曲线、种群死亡密度曲线和危险率曲线,分析种群数量特征。同时,结合种群动态量化方法及时间序列预测,分析种群数量动态变化。结果表明:胡杨种群年龄结构呈金字塔型,幼龄级所占比例较大;存活曲线接近Deevey C(凹)型,且动态指数大于0,表明胡杨种群结构合理,为增长型种群。4个函数曲线表明,胡杨种群前期幅度变化较大,后期趋于稳定。时间序列分析表明,由于丰富的后续资源,种群能够稳定生长。     

寒地水稻核心种质龙粳10号和垦稻10号抗瘟性基因分析

为明确寒地核心种质抗病基因组成,利用日本7个单基因鉴别菌系(P-2b、研53-33、稻72、北1、研54-20、研54-04、稻168)接种鉴定了丽江新团黑谷×龙粳10号、丽江新团黑谷×垦稻10号组合10套F3系统,采用"累积分布曲线法"进行分析。结果表明:龙粳10号对P-2b、研53-33、稻72和北1四个菌系的抗性是由2对显性基因控制的,对研54-20的抗性是由3对显性基因控制的,对研54-04和稻168的抗性是由2对显性基因和1对隐性基因控制的。垦稻10号对研53-33的抗性基因是由2对显性基因控制的,对研54-20的抗性基因是由1对显性基因控制的,对研54-04的抗性是由2对显性互补基因控制。龙粳10号、垦稻10号可作为寒地水稻抗稻瘟病的核心种质,为抗病育种者选择亲本提供优质粳稻抗瘟源,并为寒地水稻核心种质库构建打下良好基础,在生产上应用具有重要意义。     

小花忍冬硬枝扦插影响因素分析

小花忍冬是观赏性和抗逆性兼具的优良树种之一。为了解决其种子繁殖子代分化变异大的问题,结合小花忍冬特性,通过不同基质、激素及不同浓度的处理,对其进行了硬枝扦插试验。结果表明：基质种类、激素种类、激素浓度都直接影响其扦插成活率,激素种类直接影响地下根系的生长量。其中,使用珍珠岩︰沙子=1︰2、NAA、100 mg/L组合,...     

风力发电场进场道路曲线设计应注意的问题

风能已成为世界上增长最快的清洁可再生能源,风力发电世界各国争相发展.然而我省风力发电项目进展较为缓慢,主要原因在于,我省公路网密度较低,许多公路等级偏低,平面线性较差,运输风电设备的长货车通行较困难.风电路的设计有一定的特殊性,我们在进行风电路设计时不能照搬规范上的数据,特殊数值需要通过计算求得,以保证风电设备的顺利运输.