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81.
以酒精性肝损伤小鼠为动物模型,探讨甘草提取物对酒精性肝损伤的防治作用.将64只昆明系小白鼠随机分为8组,即正常对照组、治疗组(低、中、高剂量)、预防组(低、中、高剂量)、模型组.模型组以56度白酒16 mL/kg灌胃,预防组和治疗组在酒精灌胃的基础上分别采用低(4.8 g/kg)、中(9.6 g/kg)、高(16 g/kg)不同剂量甘草提取物灌胃,连续14 d,取血液和肝脏样品,测定肝组织谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)及血清乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)含量,同时采用H.E染色对肝组织进行组织学观察.血样测定结果表明,与模型组比较,低剂量预防组和治疗组GOT降低均不明显,中、高剂量预防组和治疗组GOT降低显著(P<0.05,P<0.01);低剂量治疗组(P<0.05)和其他给药组(P<0.01)均能显著降低GPT含量;中、高剂量治疗组(P<0.05)和低、中剂量预防组(P<0.05)与高剂量预防组(P<0.01)均能显著提升ADH含量;组织学观察表明,与模型组比较,中、高剂量治疗组及预防组能有效缓解和恢复肝损伤组织结构.提示甘草提取物对酒精引起的肝损伤具有一定的保护和治疗作用. 相似文献
82.
83.
Daisuke Mikami Hideyuki Kurihara Sang Moo Kim Koretaro Takahashi 《Marine drugs》2013,11(10):4050-4057
Five bromophenols isolated from three Rhodomelaceae algae (Laurencia nipponica, Polysiphonia morrowii, Odonthalia corymbifera) showed inhibitory effects against glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Among them, the symmetric bromophenol dimer (5) showed the highest inhibitory activity against G6PD. 相似文献
84.
Awtar Singh A. P. Singh T. J. Purakayastha 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2019,65(9):1302-1315
Application of biochar to soil has increased considerably during recent years because of its effectiveness as a soil amendment causing beneficial effects on soil health. However, the effects have been reported to vary and depend upon types of feedstock and pyrolysis conditions during biochar production. Therefore, characterization of biochar is extremely important for its efficient utilization as a soil amendment. In the present study, biochar was prepared from agro-industrial by-products (rice husk and sugarcane bagasse) and weeds (Parthenium and Lantana) under similar pyrolysis conditions. Lantana biochar (LBC) showed the highest pH (10.4) while the lowest value (8.5) being recorded in rice husk biochar (RHBC). The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis indicated that LBC and Parthenium biochar (PBC) were superior with respect to potassium (K) content than sugarcane bagasse biochar (SBBC) and RHBC. The Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) study exhibited the existence of different functional groups in biochar. All the biochar treated soils showed significantly higher microbial activities with different degrees. Application of LBC and PBC at 4.50 g kg?1 soil significantly increased K availability in soil. Lantana biochar and PBC amended the soil at 9 g kg?1 significantly increased the soil pH thus makes these biochar as potential liming materials. 相似文献
85.
86.
黑穗醋栗果实生长发育过程中抗坏血酸含量 及相关酶活性的变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
【目的】 研究不同品种不同生长时期黑穗醋栗果实内抗坏血酸(AsA)含量及其合成代谢过程中相关酶活性的变化,以明确果实生长发育过程中AsA含量与代谢合成相关酶之间的关系,为全面揭示黑穗醋栗果实AsA积累规律提供理论依据。【方法】 以3个不同黑穗醋栗品种(‘亚德’‘布劳德’和‘黑丰’)为试材,测定果实在幼果期、膨大期、半转色期、转色期和成熟期时还原型抗坏血酸(AsA)、氧化型抗坏血酸(DHA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量以及AsA合成与代谢相关酶活性。【结果】 不同品种黑穗醋栗果实大小、AsA含量以及AsA相关代谢物水平存在明显的多样性。其中‘亚德’单果重最大,为1.97 g。果实生长发育过程中,总抗坏血酸(T-AsA)和AsA含量在3个品种中变化趋势一致,均在幼果期含量最高,其中‘亚德’幼果期果实中AsA含量最高,为83.17 μmol·g -1 FW,随着果实的生长迅速下降,在成熟期降至21.28 μmol·g -1 FW;3个品种果实中GSH和T-GSH含量随着果实发育呈升高趋势,但不同品种升高时期或增加幅度不同;GSSG含量在不同品种间存在较大差异,成熟果中‘黑丰’含量最低,为0.008 μmol·g -1 FW,仅为‘亚德’的10.2%。AsA-GSH循环再生代谢中,脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)和单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)活性在果实膨大期达到最高,成熟期降至最低,其中‘布劳德’果实中DHAR和MDHAR活性略高于‘亚德’和‘黑丰’;谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性在幼果期最高,‘亚德’幼果期果实中GR活性最高(0.06 μmol·min -1·g -1 FW),之后随着果实的生长发育不断下降,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性变化与之相似;L-半乳糖途径的关键酶L-半乳糖-1,4-内酯脱氢酶(GalLDH)活性随着果实生长发育的变化趋势与AsA含量变化相一致,且‘亚德’果实中GalLDH活性在幼果期和成熟期均高于其他两个品种。通过相关性分析发现,GalLDH与T-AsA、AsA、DHA、DHAR和MDHAR呈现极显著正相关关系,相关系数可达0.91以上,即果实中GalLDH活性越高,果实中AsA含量也越高;DHAR和MDHAR与T-AsA、AsA间也存在极显著正相关关系,而APX与T-GSH、GSH间相关性较强。【结论】 黑穗醋栗幼果期果实中AsA含量最高,且品种间差异显著;GalLDH、MDHAR和DHAR可能是黑穗醋栗果实中AsA合成代谢的关键酶,黑穗醋栗果实中AsA含量积累主要取决于GalLDH活性,说明合成途径起着更关键的作用,而AsA-GSH循环再生途径相关酶对AsA合成也有一定的贡献,黑穗醋栗高AsA含量的积累是由合成途径与循环途径共同作用的结果。 相似文献
87.
腐植酸对番茄苗期氮素代谢的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
腐植酸对肥料具有改性增效的作用,以番茄为供试材料,研究腐植酸增效剂不同添加量对番茄苗期生长及氮素代谢酶活性的影响,为腐植酸的开发应用提供参考依据。采用砂培试验方法,设置了向霍格兰营养液分别加入腐植酸增效剂0(HA0),1(HA1),2(HA2),5(HA3),10(HA4) mL/L处理。培养30天后,测定番茄的生长指标、植株养分含量、硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶活性。添加适量腐植酸增效剂能促进番茄苗期生长,HA3处理番茄根系干重比HA0提高了31.68%,HA1处理番茄地上部干重最大。添加腐植酸可以提高番茄苗期叶片叶绿素含量,HA3处理番茄苗期叶片叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素含量最高,分别比HA0提高了17.11%,24.04%。添加适量腐植酸增效剂能增加番茄苗期根系和地上部对氮素的吸收,HA3处理的番茄根系、地上部及总氮素积累量比HA0分别提高了30.61%,20.24%,21.54%。添加腐植酸增效剂可以调控番茄根系和叶片氮素代谢过程,提高了氮素代谢酶活性,与HA0相比,HA4处理根系硝酸还原酶活性最大,HA3处理根系谷氨酰胺合成酶活性最高,HA2处理根系谷氨酸脱氢酶的活性最大;HA3处理番茄苗期叶片中硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶活性最大,与HA0处理相比分别提高了38.27%,64.54%,106.63%。添加腐植酸增效剂可以促进番茄苗期的生长和对氮素的吸收,提高氮素代谢酶活性,处理中以在营养液中添加5 mL/L腐植酸增效剂效果最佳,腐植酸增效剂添加量低于5 mL/L时,对番茄苗期的生长及氮素代谢具有明显的促进作用。 相似文献
88.
枇杷果实发育过程中山梨醇含量及相关酶活性的变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以果型和品质差异较大的黄肉枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)‘解放钟’和白肉枇杷‘白梨’的果实为试材,测定果实发育过程中山梨醇、果糖、葡萄糖含量及与山梨醇代谢相关酶--山梨醇脱氢酶(Sorbitol dehydrogenase,SDH)和山梨醇氧化酶(Sorbitol oxidase,SOX)活性的变化,并探讨山梨醇代谢与枇杷果实生长发育和品质形成的关系。结果表明:2个枇杷品种果实中山梨醇含量均随果实发育进程呈下降趋势,且‘白梨’枇杷果实中山梨醇含量高于‘解放钟’。在花后35~80 d,2个枇杷品种幼果中葡萄糖和果糖含量均较低且相对稳定,而花后95~140 d果实中葡萄糖和果糖含量逐渐上升,并在花后125~140 d果实成熟期急剧增加而达到峰值;果实中葡萄糖含量在2个品种间差异不显著(p0.05),花后125~140 d的果实成熟期,‘白梨’果实中果糖含量显著高于‘解放钟’(p0.05)。果实发育过程中SDH和SOX的活性均呈先降后升的变化趋势。说明2个枇杷品种果实发育过程中山梨醇、果糖、葡萄糖含量及SDH和山SOX的活性表现出相似的变化规律,但果实山梨醇含量与SDH和SOX的活性在果实膨大期均存在显著差异(p0.05),这可能是黄肉枇杷与白肉枇杷品质差异的关键。 相似文献
89.
AIM: To investigate the effect of garlicin on mouse viral myocarditis and to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS: Forty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, viral myocarditis group, low-dose garlicin group and high-dose garlicin group. The morphological changes of the myocardium were observed with HE staining. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) were measured by colorimetric method. The protein levels of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-PARP and cleaved-caspase-8 in the myocardial tissues were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: The morphological observation with HE staining showed that garlicin inhibited the necrosis of the myocardium and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Compared with viral myocarditis group, garlicin dose-dependently decreased the levels of LDL, AST and CK. Moreover, garlicin treatment decreased the protein levels of Bax, cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP, accompanied with an increase in Bcl-2 expression. However, garlicin had no effect on the protein level of cleaved-caspase-8. CONCLUSION: Garlicin effectively attenuates the myocardial damage in mice with viral myocarditis through inhibition of intrinsic apoptosis pathway. 相似文献
90.
Babaei H Mansouri-Najand L Molaei MM Kheradmand A Sharifan M 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(4):419-425
This study examined the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the milk of lactating Holstein cows in association with subclinical mastitis (SCM). A total of 94 milk samples were collected from 58 lactating dairy cows representing stages of lactation from the second to the tenth week after calving. Those which were classified as positive by California mastitis test (CMT) were deemed to have subclinical mastitis. All the milk samples were skimmed by centrifugation at 10 000g at 0 degrees C and were used for enzyme activities estimations. The mean activities of LDH and ALP were higher in the milk from udders with SCM than in the milk from healthy udders (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in AST values. The maximum agreement rates between the CMT results and LDH and ALP values were seen at thresholds of > 180 IU/L and > 40 IU/L respectively (kappa values 0.65 and 0.79, respectively). However, the sensitivity of the tests for identifying SCM at these thresholds was higher for ALP (96.4%) than for LDH (68.5%). In this study, LDH and ALP tests were standardized for cow's milk and results showed that only the ALP test was reliable in the early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. 相似文献