北京市高保护价值森林价值评估理论与方法初探

结合现行经济学理论界对森林价值的评估,针对高保护价值森林的特征,从生物多样性和生态服务功能两方面对北京市高保护价值森林的价值评估方法进行探讨.结合效用论、边际效益论等理论,根据实地情况,运用支付意愿法、补偿法、替代法等,从森林的实用价值和精神文化价值等方面作了评估方法概述.     

试论安装管道阀门的重要性

本文论述了如何了解阀门特性,选择管道系统最适合安装的阀门产品,掌握选择阀门步骤和依据.     

跨膜蛋白VRAC的结构及生物学功能研究进展

跨膜蛋白是一类位于细胞膜上的重要蛋白质,对于维持细胞稳态和调节细胞的生长发育具有关键作用,因此一直受到广泛研究。本文将介绍一种重要的跨膜蛋白——体积调节阴离子通道（Volume Regulated Anion Channel, VRAC）,并全面综述其分子结构特征和多个生理功能,旨在为后续研究工作提供参考。     

基于YOLOv5s改进模型的小白菜虫害识别方法

小白菜是中国种植面积较广、深受大众喜爱的蔬菜,但真实菜地环境中虫害往往出现在叶片的特定区域,且受环境因素如光照和背景干扰较大,影响对其的智能检测。为提高小白菜虫害的检测效率和准确率,该研究提出一种基于YOLOv5s网络框架改进的YOLOPC小白菜虫害识别模型。首先,引入CBAM（Convolutional Block Attention Module）注意力机制,将其放在CBS（卷积层Convolution+归一化层Batch normalization+激活函数层SILU）的输入端构成CBAM-CBS的结构,动态调整特征图中各个通道和空间位置的权重;使用上采样和1×1卷积操作来调整特征图的尺寸和通道数,实现不同层次特征的融合,增强模型的特征表示能力。同时,改进损失函数,使其更适合边界框回归的准确性需求;利用空洞卷积的优势提高网络的感受野范围,使模型能够更好地理解图像的上下文信息。试验结果表明,与改进前的YOLOv5s模型相比,YOLOPC模型对小白菜小菜蛾和潜叶蝇虫害检测的平均精度（mean Average Precision, mAP）达到91.40%,提高了12.9个百分点;每秒传输帧数（Frame Per Second, FPS）为58.82帧/s,增加了11.2帧/s,增加幅度达23.53个百分点;参数量仅为14.4 MB,降低了25.78个百分点。与经典的目标检测算法SSD、Faster R-CNN、YOLOv3、YOLOv7和YOLOv8相比,YOLOPC模型的平均精度分别高出20.1、24.6、14、13.4和13.3个百分点,此外,其准确率、召回率、帧速率和参数量均展现出显著优势。该模型可为复杂背景下小白菜虫害的快速准确检测提供技术支持。     

植物抗病基因研究进展

植物抗病基因在植物抗病过程中起重要作用.综述了植物抗病基因的克隆方法,结构特点,作用机制以及未来的发展前景.     

Spot14基因研究进展

甲状腺激素响应Spot14蛋白(THRSP)是一种分子量较小的酸性蛋白,该蛋白能够对甲状腺激素迅速响应。Spot14基因在脂肪生成调控中起重要作用,是参与控制脂肪生成酶活性的转录因子。文章对该基因的结构、表达及其功能等方面的研究进展进行了综述。     

长期饲喂高锌日粮对断奶仔猪免疫机能的影响

试验选用60头23日龄±1日龄临床检查健康的"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶仔猪,按体重和性别随机分成3组,每组20头,分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮 3000mg/kg氧化锌、基础日粮 500mg/kg蛋氨酸锌,测定断奶仔猪免疫机能的变化。结果显示,在断奶后0d～21d饲喂高锌日粮能显著提高仔猪白细胞吞噬率和T淋巴细胞转化率,增加血清免疫球蛋白水平;而在断奶后42d、70d,仔猪白细胞吞噬率、T淋巴细胞转化和血清IgG、IgA水平显著下降。     

Experimental research on cardiac fibrosis induced by recombinant mouse interleukin-11 in mice

AIM To observe the effect of recombinant mouse interleukin-11 （rmIL-11）injected subcutaneously into mice on heart structure and function and to determine its pro-fibrotic effect. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The mice in experimental group were injected subcutaneously with recombinant mouse IL-11 at the dose of 100 μg·kg^-1·d^-1 for 3 consecutive weeks, while the control group were given equal volume of normal saline in the same way. After the experiment was finished, the parameters of heart function were measured by echocardiography.The heart weight was weighed and the cardiac weight index (CWI) was calculated. HE staining and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to observe the pathological changes and the extent of myocardial fibrosis in mouse myocardia respectively, and the cardiac collagen volume fraction (CVF) was calculated. The expression levels of extracellular matrix proteins in the myocardial tissues of mice, including type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen and fibronectin, were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fraction shortening in experimental group were obviously lower than those in control group (P<0.01), however left ventricular end-diastolic diamension and left ventricular end systolic dimension were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05).Compared with control group, the CWI was increased (P<0.01), the myocardial arrangement was disorder, the necrosis of cardiac myocytes was increased, and excessive deposition of collagen was observed in the myocardial tissues in experimental group. Correspondingly, the CVF and protein levels of type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen and fibronectin in the left ventricle in experimental group were increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Injection of rmIL-11 into the mice subcutaneously induces fibrogenesis in the heart, which implies that IL-11 is likely a novel pro-fibrotic factor.     

试论公共图书馆在"农家书屋"建设中的作用

"农家书屋"建设是我国公共文化服务建设的重大项目,是全国新闻出版服务社会主义新农村建设的重要举措.公共图书馆作为知识与信息的中心,公共文化服务的重要组成部分,应充分利用自身资源优势,主动与新闻出版部门合作,共同将"农家书屋"建设得更加规范、更具活力.     

水土保持林草措施生态服务功能价值化研究

水土保持林草措施具有诸多的生态功能,具体表现为对水源、土壤、固碳、净化、固沙、生物多样性发挥的积极作用.通过对2013年至2015年数据估算得出,我国水土保持林草措施所产生的生态服务功能价值为8318.79亿元.其中,保持与改良土壤价值占比最高.