施氏鲟在静水池塘养殖的生长特性研究

对1龄施氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii)在静水池塘养殖条件下的生长特性进行了研究.结果表明:平均体全长25.99 cm、平均体重53.70 g的施氏鲟经过60 d土质静水池塘的培育,体全长增长58.83%,体重增长360.20%.体重与体全长呈幂函数关系,关系式为W=0.000 6 L3.484(R2=...     

四川鲟源海豚链球菌的毒力基因谱及分子分型

【目的】明确四川鲟源海豚链球菌Streptococcus iniae的毒力谱及分子流行病学特点,为鲟海豚链球菌病的防控提供参考。【方法】对四川地区17株鲟源海豚链球菌以及海豚链球菌ATCC29178进行毒力基因多重PCR检测,并通过随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)和重复序列PCR(REP-PCR)分析进行分子分型。【结果】所有菌株的7个主要毒力基因pgm、 scpI、 simA、 cpsD、 sagA、 pdi和cfi均为阳性,部分菌株的simA基因发生了变异。基于RAPD分析,18株菌分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ2个基因型;基于REP-PCR分析,18株菌分为A、B、C、D 4个基因型。【结论】四川地区17株鲟源海豚链球菌分离株均为强毒株,毒力谱为pgm/scpI/simA/cpsD/sagA/pdi/cfi,并且同时存在多种基因型的菌株,其中D型为优势流行型。     

沉水植物镶嵌组合对鲟鱼养殖水体的修复效果

为筛选出修复鲟鱼养殖水体污染效果较好的沉水植物镶嵌组合,在贵州惠水县高镇镇鲟鱼养殖基地选取苦草、金鱼藻和水车前3种沉水植物两两镶嵌组合,进行污染水体修复的模拟试验。结果表明:苦草、金鱼藻和水车前两两镶嵌组合对鲟鱼养殖水体中总氮、总磷和铜都具有较好的净化作用,其中,水车前+金鱼藻组合对主要水质污染贡献因子5日生化需氧量(BOD5)、总氮(TN)、铅(Pb)的削减率分别达22.18%、12.53%和34.48%,水车前+金鱼藻可作为鲟鱼养殖水体修复的最优镶嵌组合。     

杂交鲟苗种无公害培育技术

以杂交鲟苗种进行了无公害培育试验。结果显示:苗种成活率达90%以上,取得了很好的试验效果。简述了杂交鲟苗种无公害培育技术。     

Mortality and recovery of runt white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in a commercial farm in California, USA

We investigated the effect of raising runt white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) separately from dominant fish during the initial stages of grow-out in a commercial farm. Runt fish are poor-growers, have underdeveloped muscle mass, swim slowly and are more-frequently found at the top of the water column. The objective of the study was to describe the mortality and recovery rates (and their determinants) of white-sturgeon runts after separating them from dominant fish. Runt white sturgeon were stocked into twelve 2 m × 2 m rectangular tanks and graded periodically during a follow-up of 46–102 days. Overall mortality rates ranged from 0.3 to 7 dead fish per 1000 sturgeon-days at risk and overall recovery rates from 3.9 to 13.5 recovered fish per 1000 sturgeon-days at risk. Period-specific mortality and recovery rates increased over time. The period-specific mortality rates for all three periods were significantly higher for tanks of runts originating from grow-out tanks with high mortality (p-values: first period = 0.06; second period = 0.09; third period = 0.03), but were similar for tanks of runts of high- and low-mean initial weight. The period-specific recovery rates were significantly higher in runts originating from high-mortality grow-out tanks only for the third period (p = 0.05) but not the first and second periods (p-values = 0.33 and 0.25, respectively). Recovery rates were significantly higher in the higher-mean-weight runts tanks for the first and third period but not for the second (p-values: first period = 0.02; second period = 0.65; third period = 0.06). We concluded that the proportion of runts that recover during a 46–89 day period is substantial (16–58%); therefore, it might be worthwhile growing such fish separately in a fish farm for about three months. Financial analysis showed that this practice was profitable, if the value of white sturgeon fish for the farm exceeded $2.05 per kg.     

Comparison of growth performance and biometric relationships in two reciprocal sturgeon hybrids reared in net cages (Sicily, Mediterranean)

This study was designed to investigate growth performance in two sturgeon hybrids reared in two quadrangular floating cages moored in an artificial pond, representing the first experience of sturgeon culture performed at Southern Mediterranean latitudes. The research was carried out from December 2000 to July 2001 and tested the growth performance, feeding parameters and biometric relationships. The sturgeons were randomly collected from the cages on a monthly basis, and total length, standard length (SL) and wet weight (WW) were recorded. The specific daily growth rate (SGR_W) as somatic WW, food conversion ratio and condition factor (CF) were calculated. Biometric relationships, as linear regression, were also calculated on SL and WW data. Both hybrids grew slowly from December to April, but faster during the warm months. The growth performance of the two hybrids seems to be influenced by variability of the environmental conditions and, for both fish groups, there was a strong correlation between water temperature and SGR_W at temperatures below 25 °C. The CF (constantly below 1) was similar for both hybrids. The regression analysis for WW and SL calculated for the entire period showed a positive allometry for both hybrids, indicating that the fishes grew in weight at a greater rate than required to maintain constant body proportion.     

施氏鲟幼鱼的耗氧速率及窒息点

在两种不同温度下测定施氏鲟幼鱼的耗氧速率和窒息点，结果表明：施氏鲟幼鱼的耗氧速率随水中溶解氧增减而升降，其呼吸类型属顺应型，耗氧速率还随水温的升高而增大，随鱼体的增大而降低；在溶氧接近饱和值情况下，14℃水温时，平均体重7．8－26．9克鱼的耗氧速率为0．31－0．24mgO2/g/hr,窒息点1．35－1．32mgO2/L，水温25℃时，平均体重8．0－17．2克鱼的耗氧速率为0．61－0．53mg/O2/g/hr，窒息点为2．18－2．10mg/O2/L。     

A comparative study of some hematological features in young reared sturgeons (Acipenser persicus and Huso huso)

The physiological condition in fishes required for their selection as broodfish can be determined by hematological studies. The present study aims at examining the hematological indices in juvenile sturgeons at different stages of growth. The main blood features, such as total albumin content in blood, hemoglobin concentration and the erythrocyte and leukocyte count, were measured in a total of 54 specimens of 1-, 2- and 6-year old sturgeon (Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus and beluga Huso huso), artificially produced at the Shahid Dr. Beheshti Fish Breeding and Rearing Center located in the Gilan Province.In the Persian sturgeon specimens studied, the total albumin concentration in the blood increased from 26.05 to 52.50 g l^–1, the hemoglobin concentration increased from 42.2 to 65.8 g l^–1, the erythrocyte count increased from 240 to 452.5 thousand cell ml^–1 and the leukocyte count increased from 13.43 to 46.48 thousand cells ml^–1. The total leukocyte was composed of 73.25 to 82.70% lymphocytes, 12.3 to 20% neutrophils, 2.25 to 6.50% eosinophils and 0.2 to 2.5% monocytes.In the beluga specimens studied, the total albumin concentration in the blood increased from 20.05 to 42.20 g l^–1, the hemoglobin concentration increased from 46.3 to 78.6 g l^–1, the erythrocyte count increased from 495 to 735 thousand cells ml^–1 and the leukocyte count increased from 31.6 to 57.7 thousand cells ml^–1. The total leukocyte was composed of 54.5 to 67.5% lymphocytes, 22.63 to 33.86% neutrophils, 6.60 to 13.7% eosinophils and 0.6 to 2.25% monocytes.This research reveals the trends of some hematological features during the growth and development of sturgeons in the South Caspian Sea, reared in artificial conditions. It shows that with the increase in age, the hematological indices also increased.     

Comparative blood biochemistry of Amur sturgeon, Acipenser schrenckii, and Chinese surgeon, Acipenser sinensis

This study compared Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) and Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) on several biochemical parameters including glucose (GLU), urea, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-L), activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), direct bilirubin (D.BILI), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TGL), creatinine (CREA), total protein (TP), and total bilirubin (T.BILI). The results showed that there were great differences in these parameters between the two species. The concentrations of GLU, UREA, LDH-L, ALT, AST, D.BILI, ALP, CHOL, TGL, CREA, and T.P for the Amur sturgeon were significantly higher than those for Chinese sturgeon.The T.BILI level of the Amur sturgeon was, however, significantly lower than that for the Chinese sturgeon.     

Dopaminergic influence on gonadotropin secretion in white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus)

The effects of dopamine on the secretion of two sturgeon gonadotropins (stGTH I and stGTH II) in sexually mature male white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) were evaluated. In Experiment I, sturgeon were given intraperitoneal injections of physiological saline (PS), dopamine (100 mg kg⁻¹), the gonadotropin releasing hormone analog D-Ala⁶-des-Gly¹⁰-GnRH ethylamide (GnRHA) (10 μg/kg⁻¹), and a combination of GnRHa and dopamine. Fish receiving only GnRHa had significantly higher (p < 0.05) concentrations of plasma stGTH I and stGTH II compared to fish receiving PS, dopamine, or a combination of GnRHa and dopamine. Two hours following its administration, dopamine was effective in decreasing plasma concentrations of both stGTHs that were previously elevated by GnRHa. Dopamine or PS administered by themselves did not alter plasma concentrations of either stGTH. In Experiment II, sturgeon injected intraperitoneally with a combination of GnRHa and pimozide had significantly higher (p < 0.05) concentrations of plasma stGTH I and stGTH II compared to males receiving GnRHa or pimozide alone. While this effect of GnRHAa + pimozide was observed in the spring, no such potentiation was seen in these fish during the summer (Experiment III). These results represent the first evidence of dopaminergic inhibition of GnRH-induced pituitary gonadotropin secretion in Chondrostean fish.