荧光定量PCR技术及其应用研究进展

荧光定量PCR是近年发展起来的一种新的实时定量检测特定核酸技术,它是核酸探针技术、荧光共振能量传递技术和PCR技术的有机结合,而荧光探针是荧光定量PCR的核心.荧光定量PCR具有特异性强、灵敏度高、重复性好、定量准确、速度快、全封闭反应争特点,是对原有PCR技术的革新,扩大了PCR的应用范围.论文综述了FQ-PCR技术的原理、FQ-PCR实时定量检测系统及其应用.     

玉米DDGS在畜禽日粮中的应用研究

随着玉米在酒精生产中用量的不断增加,同时也产生了大量的副产物--玉米酒糟,商品名为DDGS.它是一种很有价值的饲料组分,因其最大限度地保留了原谷物的蛋白质等营养成分,并且还融入了糖化曲和酵母的营养成分和活性因子.所以说DDGS是一种高蛋白、高营养、无任何抗营养因了的优质蛋白饲料原料.主要对DDGS的组成、营养特性、在畜禽日粮中的应用现状以及应用前景4个方面进行了综述.     

趋磁细菌特性及其应用前景

趋磁细菌具有独特的磁场运动特性、生物学特性,其磁小体可作为生物活性物质的固定载体、磁记忆材料等.笔者介绍了趋磁细菌的发现、种类、特点及趋磁细菌在生物导航、重金属废水处理、地质学研究及医学等方面的应用前景.     

饲用油腊的加工技术及应用

本文介绍了近几年在饲料工业生产中不同饲用油脂添加技术应用及研究,重点对常规喷涂技术、真空喷涂技术和固态油脂喷雾干燥技术进行综述、分析,并对饲料中应用的固态油脂生产加工和应用技术进行了展望。     

Effects of treating rice straw with urea or urea and calcium hydroxide upon intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation and milk yield of dairy cows

Three, multiparous Holstein crossbred dairy cows with initial body weight of 385 ± 19 kg were randomly allocated to 3 treatments of rice straw (T1 = untreated rice straw; T2 = 5.5% urea-treated rice straw (5 g urea in 100 ml water to 100 g air-dry (91% DM) straw); T3 = 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw (2.0 g urea and 2.0 g Ca(OH)₂ in 100 ml to 100 g air-dry (91% DM) straw) according to a 3 × 3 Latin square design. Each period lasted for 21 days in which feed, feces and rumen fluid were collected during the last 7 days for chemical analyses. The findings revealed significant improvements in dry matter intake and digestibility by using 5.5% urea-treated rice straw and 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw. Ruminal pH and NH₃-N were found higher (P < 0.05) as compared with urea-treated rice straw fed group, while blood urea nitrogen and milk urea nitrogen were in normal ranges. Volatile fatty acid concentrations especially those of acetic acid were decreased (P < 0.05) and those of propionic acid were increased (P < 0.05), thus acetic acid:propionic acid was subsequently lowered (P < 0.05) in cows fed with 5.5% urea-treated rice straw and 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw, respectively. Moreover, ruminal viable and cellulolytic bacterial counts were enhanced by urea and calcium hydroxide treatments. Milk protein and fat concentrations were additionally increased by respective treatments while 3.5% fat-corrected milk was highest; ranking from 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw, 5.5% urea-treated rice straw and urea-treated rice straw fed groups. Based on this study, implications could be made that using 2.2% urea + 2.2% calcium hydroxide treated rice straw for straw treatment could be an alternative treatment to 5.5% urea treatment with regards to its effectiveness and treatment cost for lactating dairy cows.     

博落回生物碱的研究进展

博落回是一种具有多种用途的中草药,广泛应用于消炎、抗癌及饲料、兽药和农药等方面。通过对博落回的主要成分、博落回的药理研究及其在畜牧业中的应用等方面进行综述,以亟为生产实践提供参考。     

OBE教育模式在《兽医寄生虫学》教学中的应用

成果导向教育(OBE)是一种新型教育模式。作者将OBE教育模式引入《兽医寄生虫学》教学中,设计具体的教学方案并进行了初步实践,激发了学生的学习兴趣,提高课堂学习效率,取得了较好的教学效果。     

青稞秸秆替代苇状羊茅对全混合日粮青贮早期发酵品质及有氧稳定性的影响

本试验旨在研究不同比例青稞秸秆替代苇状羊茅对全混合日粮青贮早期发酵品质及有氧稳定性的影响。试验设对照组(TH₀)和3个青稞秸秆不同比例替代组TH₅、TH₁₀和TH₁₅。青贮14 d开窖取样,分析其发酵品质、化学成分及微生物数量,将剩余的发酵TMR暴露于空气,用多通道温度记录仪记录温度变化;并分别在有氧暴露的第2,5和8天取样评定其有氧稳定性。结果表明,与对照组(TH₀)相比,TH₅的pH、乳酸、乙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸和乙醇含量无显著(P>0.05)差异;TH₁₀和对照相比pH差异不显著(P>0.05),但乳酸、乙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸和乙醇含量显著(P<0.05)低于对照组;TH₁₅ pH显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,乳酸、乙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸和乙醇含量显著(P<0.05)低于对照组;各组氨态氮/总氮和乳酸/乙酸无显著(P>0.05)差异,均以乳酸发酵为主,发酵品质良好。有氧暴露第2天后各组pH和氨态氮/总氮持续上升;乳酸、乙酸和水溶性碳水化合物含量持续下降;酵母菌和好氧细菌数量显著(P<0.05)升高。除TH₁₅外,其他各组温度在第35 h开始上升,TH₁₅温度上升延迟,并且温度上升峰值最小。和其他组相比,TH₁₅有氧稳定性最好。综合考虑发酵品质、有氧稳定性及对青稞秸秆资源的最大化利用,建议采用TH₁₅设计配方最为适宜。     

迷迭香的药效及在兽医临床的应用

迷迭香为唇形科植物,喜温,原产地中海沿岸,广泛用于医药、油炸食品及各类油脂的保鲜。研究表明,迷迭香具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌、抗癌、护肝等药效作用,在兽医临床可能有广泛的应用前景。通过查阅国内外有关文献资料,综述了迷迭香药效和兽医临床应用的进展,为迷迭香的进一步研究提供参考。     

生物芯片技术研究进展

生物芯片是指通过微电子、微加工技术在芯片表面构建的微型生物化学分析系统,以实现对细胞、DNA、蛋白质、组织、糖类及其他生物组分进行快速、敏感、高效的处理和分析,是近些年来发展迅速的一项高新技术。生物芯片主要包括基因芯片、蛋白质芯片、组织芯片等。作者主要概述了生物芯片技术的研究进展及在各个领域内的应用。