大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、消化酶活性和抗氧化功能的影响

为研究大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)生长性能、体成分、消化酶活性和抗氧化功能的影响,以30％鱼粉组为对照组(A0),大豆小肽蛋白分别替代17％、33％和50％的鱼粉作为实验组(A17、A33和A50),配制4种等氮配合饲料.每组设置4个重复,每个重复饲喂30尾平均体重为(...     

基于模糊物元模型的区域水环境承载力研究

在综合分析区域水环境特点的基础上选取了7项研究指标,运用模糊物元模型与熵权法计算了烟台市牟平区2005—2009年各年水环境承载力与标准样本之间的贴近度,揭示了区域水环境承载力的现状及变化趋势。研究结果表明,烟台市牟平区2005—2009年水环境承载力与标准样本之间的贴近度分别为0.675 9,0.684 2,0.666 7,0.675 3和0.696 1,研究区域2006和2009年的水环境承载力达到等级Ⅲ水平,其余几年均在等级Ⅲ水平以下,说明研究区水环境承载力较差。并基于水环境承载力现状对区域资源与社会经济的可持续发展提出了相关建议。     

农村电网配电变压器无触点有载自动调容技术研究

农村电网负荷波动大,变压器负载率不能在合理的范围内,因此配电变压器根据负荷的变化自动改变容量具有重要意义。现有的调容开关均为机械有触点式,不适合频繁动作,可靠性低。为此,提出了采用复合开关作为调容开关的配电变压器有载自动调容方案,该复合开关由电力电子开关与机械式有触点开关并联组成。针对变容过程中出现的过压、过流及其限制问题,利用Mat Lab/SIMULINK仿真软件对有载自动调容变压器调容过程进行仿真研究,结果表明:调容开关调容时会产生过电压与过电流,通过在调容开关两端并联合适大小的缓冲电阻,可以有效地抑制该过电压与过电流。     

内蒙古典型草原草畜系统适宜放牧率的研究Ⅰ.以绵羊增重及经济效益为管理目标

(1)绵羊个体增重与放牧率呈线性负相关,个体最大增重临界放牧率,因季节不同而变化,随着个体增重与放牧率回归系数b绝对值的增大而降低,以始、终放牧期间所得临界放牧率最小,(2.04羊/hm²)。(2)公顷增重与放牧率的关系符合二次曲线,在达到公顷最大增重以前,随着放牧率的增大而增大,之后则随着放牧率的增大而下降,平均543羊/hm²。(3)公顷最大增重并不一定获取公顷最大利润,主要视买卖价格及其差值而定。(4)以冷蒿小禾草为主的退化草原,宜以个体最大增重的适宜放牧率作为管理标准,以使该类草原在利用中得以恢复。     

基于发展潜力评价与障碍因子识别的村庄分类与发展策略研究——以河南新县为例

科学划分村庄类型并制定针对性的村庄发展策略是分类推进乡村振兴的基础。本研究以河南新县为例,分别采用综合指数法和障碍度模型测算村庄发展潜力,识别阻碍村庄发展的障碍因子类型和数量,并以此为基础进行村庄分类和分区,制定差异化的村庄发展策略。结果表明：新县村庄发展潜力存在明显的地域分异,呈现南北部和县城周边较高、东西部较低的总体空间格局,坡度、地质条件、人口和村庄用地规模、距县城和卫生院距离等是限制新县村庄发展的主要障碍因子,其中东南部的田铺乡和西南部的卡房乡个别村庄障碍因子数较多,未来继续保留发展的难度较大。新县全域村庄划分为特色保护类23个、城郊融合类9个、集聚提升类79个、搬迁撤并类13个、整治改善类69个,占比分别为11.92%、4.66%、40.93%、6.74%、35.75%,并采用SKATER空间聚类算法划分村庄发展分区,在此基础上依据各分区村庄发展特征、优势和短板提出针对性村庄发展策略。本研究可为村庄发展障碍因子识别及乡村振兴精准施策等相关研究和实践提供借鉴。     

空化射流条件下豆渣不溶性膳食纤维结构与功能性研究

为有效促进豆渣中不溶性膳食纤维的可溶化、提高其功能特性,利用空化微射流技术处理生物酶法制油豆渣膳食纤维,采用X-射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜方法分析不同空化微射流处理时间(0、6、12、18 min)下豆渣膳食纤维的晶体结构及表观形态变化,并通过粒度、持水性、膨胀性、表观粘度、葡萄糖和胆固醇吸附能力对其理化、功能性质进行表...     

Effects of dietary oregano essential oil supplementation on growth performance,intestinal antioxidative capacity,immunity, and intestinal microbiota in yellow-feathered chickens

Essential oils are plant-derived aromatic volatile oils, and they contain bioactive compounds that have been shown to improve poultry nutrition. In this study, we investigated the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) on intestinal antioxidative capacity, immunity, and gut microbiota of young yellow-feathered chickens. A total of nine hundred and sixty 1-d-old female Qingyuan partridge chickens were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with six replicates of 40 birds each, and the feeding trial was lasted for 30 d. The controls were fed on a basal diet without in-feed antibiotics; the birds in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg virginiamycin; the remaining birds were fed the basal diet containing 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO, respectively. Dietary supplementation with 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO increased average daily feed intake (P = 0.057) and average daily gain (P < 0.05). The activities of glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidative capacity in plasma, jejuna, and ileal mucosa were increased by OEO supplementation (P < 0.05), with a trend of lower jejunal content of malonaldehyde (P = 0.062). Moreover, dietary OEO increased the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (P = 0.078) and the relative expression of Claudin 1, Mucin 2, and Avain beta-defensin 1 in ileum (P < 0.05). Sequencing data of 16S rRNA indicated that dietary OEO increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum, and Clostridium and Lactobacillus genera, and decreasing that of Romboutsia. Functional analyses indicated that microbial amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, replication, and repair systems were higher in OEO groups than those of controls and antibiotic treatment. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OEO enhanced growth performance, alleviated local oxidative stress in intestine, improved production of natural antibodies, and favorably modulated intestinal microbiota composition.     

外包钢加固法的安全性防范措施研究

采用外包角钢加固的钢筋混凝土柱,其加固效果和安全性与诸多因素,如加固设计、加固施工工艺、加固端锚固构造、加固角钢的增钢率与增箍率、原柱所处的应力状态、使用过程中的维护管理等有关。对外包钢加固钢筋混凝土柱过程中影响其加固效果和安全性的诸多因素的安全性防范措施进行了初步的分析研究和探讨。     

Safeguarding Capability Index System of Regional Sustainable Development

According to the new requirement of sustainable development in the new stage, this paper puts forward the definition of the safeguarding capacity of regional sustainable development and uses some statistical methods of frequency statistics and principal component analysis to construct the index system of safeguarding capacity. Then it takes the data of the Three Gorges reservoir area for example to make empirical analysis, and provides efficient measurement tools to further measure the regional sustainability together with its safeguarding capacity, and therefore helps the government and the relevant organizations to establish more scientific policies of sustainable development.