高温高压蒸汽改性落叶松木材力学性能预测模型的建立

利用RBF神经网络和支持向量机两种算法建模,分析落叶松高温高压蒸汽改性工艺参数与其力学性能关系;以落叶松热处理的温度、相对湿度、处理时间3个主要工艺参数作为网络输入,建立了RBF神经网络和支持向量机预测模型,并对两者进行比较。结果表明:支持向量机模型,在网络建立结构、收敛速度和泛化能力上更具优势。     

蒸汽爆破对绿芦笋废弃物膳食纤维改性的研究

本文以绿芦笋加工废弃物为原料,通过正交试验优化确定了蒸汽爆破对绿芦笋废弃物膳食纤维改性的最佳工艺:蒸汽爆破料腔比为5:8,蒸汽爆破时间为70 s,蒸汽爆破压力为1.0 MPa,在此条件下,可溶性膳食纤维含量提高92.5%。对蒸汽爆破绿芦笋样品进行理化特性研究,其水溶性指数为14.27%,持油力为2 mL/g,堆积密度为0.43 g/mL,松密度为0.29 g/mL,溶解度为91.63 g/100 g,比表面积为0.299 m2/g,与空白样品相比,均有所增加;而持水力、膨胀力、中位径、休止角、滑动角与空白样品相比,则有所下降。将各项指标与空白样品进行对比分析得知,可溶性膳食纤维提高,此试验为绿芦笋废弃物综合利用提供了理论和技术指导。     

具有节能作用的疏水器

简要阐述了疏水器的节能作用、种类及性能,并介绍了如何选择和维护管理疏水器。     

Soil Disinfestation with Steam: A Review of Economics,Engineering, and Soil Pest Control in California Strawberry

ABSTRACT

Increasingly stricter fumigant regulations will limit their use and require effective non-fumigant treatments if large-scale strawberry production is to continue in California. Steam has long been used for soil disinfestation in greenhouse soils where it controls most soil pests. The challenge of field-scale soil disinfestation with steam in place of fumigants is availability of machinery capable of treating a large acreage in a timely manner while making the most efficient use of fuel and water. Steam can be a component within an integrated set of fumigant and non-fumigant practices. Steam used together with other practices may permit technically and economically sustainable strawberry production into the future by allowing growers to adapt to more stringent fumigant use restrictions. It may be possible to overcome some of the limitations of steam because steam generator technology has advanced in recent years as well as recent developments in co-applications with steam, including exothermic compounds co-applied with steam and mustard seed meal co-applied with steam. Regarding steam generator technology, direct-fire steam generators are more energy efficient than traditional steam boilers and avoid the hazards of steam pressure vessels. Steam is arguably the most effective non-fumigant method of soil disinfestation and it likely has a role in a future California strawberry production system that is forced to use much less fumigant than it does at present.     

Effect of steam explosion on solid‐state fermentation of maize stalk by Penicillium decumbens and Phanerochaete chrysosporium for animal feed production

Pre‐treated maize stalk could be used for animal feed due to the improved digestibility. Steam explosion (SE) and solid‐state fermentation (SSF) are two methods in maize stalk pre‐treatment. To evaluate the effect of combination of SE and SSF on the maize stalk pre‐treatment, the maize stalk was treated with steam explosion and microbial fermentation with Penicillium decumbens and Phanerochate chrysporium in this study. The steam explosion severity (logR₀) affected component of the corn stover and then affected the SSF. The highest weight loss of substrate (23.20%), protein (12.71%) and cellulase filter paper activity (FPA) (7.42IU/g) could be obtained at logR₀ = 3.64 and the IVDMD of SE‐SSF‐treated straw could reach 75.8%. The SE‐SSF pre‐treatment method could improve the utilization of straw as animal feed and overcome the shortage of feed source in animal husbandry.     

燃料油装卸过程中静电的产生及消除措施

介绍了在燃料油装卸过程中静电产生的形式及分布规律。基于人为操作因素、装卸作业环境及油品物化性质等易引起静电火灾的因素，提出了静电消除技术和防护措施：接地、增加空气湿度、加入防静电添加剂、控制液体流速、提高作业环境的通风性等，为评价燃料油储罐安全状况、制定消除静电的措施提供了理论依据与技术支持。（表2，图2，参10）     

枫香树脂浅色化工艺试验

应用水蒸气蒸馏工艺,通过添加抗氧化剂,研究制备浅色化枫香树脂的方法。试验表明:对枫香脂的前处理可有效的提高枫香树脂的颜色等级,同时添加抗氧化剂也可有效防止枫香树脂在蒸馏过程中的颜色加深。适宜的工艺条件为:枫脂精油做溶解油,溶解油加入量与枫脂质量比为2∶1,蒸馏水洗4次,单次洗涤水的用量与枫脂质量比为4∶1,常压水蒸气蒸馏温度为130~140℃,蒸馏时间为30 min,减压蒸馏时间为10 min,所得枫香树脂的颜色等级由简单直接蒸馏的12(加纳级)上升为6(加纳级),软化点为131℃,酸值为53 mg/g,皂化值为104 mg KOH/g。     

关于厨房排烟排汽问题的探讨

本文论述的关于厨房排烟、排汽问题是个常见的问题。但作者借鉴国外的作法在常规的问题上提出了自己的解决方法,按我国的现有的条件、设备结合实际情况,进行了较为细致的分析。     

浅谈蒸汽锅炉管道的焊接

作者较详细的介绍了蒸汽锅炉管道焊接的全部过程和在焊接过程中经常遇到(或出现)的主要技术问题及安全注意事项。