Categorization of the pelvic limb standing posture in nine breeds of dogs

The objective of the study was to categorize objectively nine breeds of healthy dogs according to pelvic limb standing posture. A total of 135 dogs from different breeds were used and the standing angles of the hip, stifle, and tarsal joints, together with the percentages of the greater trochanter, patella and tuber calcanei heights, with respect to crista iliaca height, were used as discriminant variables for the categorization of pelvic limb posture. All included breeds were allocated to three groups of the standing pelvic limb posture. The best discriminant variables between the three groups were the percentage of patellar height, and the standing angles of the stifle and tarsal joints. German shepherds, Anatolian shepherds, golden retrievers, Rottweilers, Belgian Malinois and Dobermann pinschers were well separated between 89% and 100% success rate for the categorization. The minimal success rate was determined in Berner sennenhunds as the ratio of 75%. It was also determined that Dobermann pinschers had the straightest pelvic limbs, while German shepherds had the most angulated pelvic limbs. Further studies are required to document the impact of postural differences in active and passive structure diseases of the locomotor system of the pelvic limb among dog breeds.     

Successful small intestinal resection and anastomosis in a late term broodmare with colic via a standing left flank laparotomy

A late term broodmare presented with low‐grade intestinal colic. Clinical findings were consistent with a small intestinal lesion requiring surgical intervention. The risks of general anaesthesia to the fetus, combined with clinical findings in an otherwise quiet natured horse influenced the decision to choose an alternative standing left flank approach first. A small intestinal resection and anastomosis was performed successfully and the mare delivered a healthy foal without complications a month later. Standing colic surgery might be a preferred alternative to general anaesthesia in certain circumstances as discussed in this case report.     

Intra‐abdominal cystic lymphangiomatosis in a Thoroughbred foal

Cystic lymphangiomas are rare malformations of the lymphatics that result in the formation of a cystic mass. Where multiple cysts are seen, the condition is termed cystic lymphangiomatosis. This case describes the diagnosis and unique management of cystic lymphangiomatosis in a 10‐day‐old Thoroughbred foal. Ultrasonography, histopathology and laparoscopy were essential for diagnosis and appreciation of the extent of disease. Ultimately, the cystic lymphangiomatosis was so extensive in this foal that complete surgical excision was considered impossible and the presence of adhesions within the abdomen indicated a very poor long‐term prognosis; the owners elected for euthanasia at age 14 weeks. Although rare, lymphangioma and lymphangiomatosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for an intra‐abdominal mass in a young horse.     

水利施工的大体积混凝土抗裂技术

混凝土是水利施工中的主要的应用材料之一，为了保证水利施工中的安全与质量，必须保证混凝土的质量。文章全面分析了大体积混凝土产生裂缝的原因，并给出了相应的控制方法。     

Perivascular wall tumour presenting as pastern mass in a Standardbred gelding

A 2-year-old Standardbred gelding was referred for a mass on the palmaromedial right front pastern which was accompanied by progressively worsening lameness. The mass was firm to palpation and covered by normal skin. Ultrasonographically, a smooth encapsulated mass was present, medial to the flexor tendons and palmar to the neurovascular bundle. Because of a poor prognosis for future athletic performance without surgical or chemotherapeutic intervention and economic constraints preventing further diagnostics and treatment, the horse was euthanised. Post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed the mass to be a perivascular wall tumour, the first record of such a neoplasia in the horse.     

论《中庸》之“中”与“诚”

商周时代人们信仰上帝鬼神，春秋战国时期老子提出了以“无”为本的哲学本体论。至子思，则提出以“中”和“诚”为本的哲学本体论。子思认为，“中”和“诚”虽无形影，却具有与上帝、鬼神一样的至上性和神妙性，它已经不仅是一般学者所理解的“时中”之“中”和诚信之“诚”，它同时是“天下之大本”和“天之道”。后世儒者因而称子思善于“体道”。大凡“本体”问题，皆很难证实或证伪，但将“中”和“诚”视作“本体”，便使之进入了信仰的层面。子思在孔子创立仁学的哲学思想体系之后，又建立了“中”和“诚”的哲学思想体系，从而大大丰富和发展了儒学思想。     

半胱胺对育成期水貂生长和饲料转化率的影响

选择健康育成期水貂208只,其中200只为试验组,8只为对照组,采用二因子试验设计:一个因子为半胱胺的不同添加量,分别按每千克体质量添加10、40、70、100、130 mg半胱胺;另一因子为半胱胺的不同添加间隔时间,分别为1、3、5、7、9 d 5个时间间隔.通过饲养试验研究了半胱胺对育成期水貂体质量增加、饲料转化率...     

磷酸、膦酸酯类农药的质谱裂解规律研究

在对23种磷酸、膦酸酯类农药及其氧化物的质谱数据进行归纳整理的基础上,明确了这类农药质谱裂解规律。结果表明:电子轰击离子化条件下,磷酸、膦酸酯类农药分子极易裂解,且分子离子峰较弱。发现C_2H_6O_3P~+(m/z109)是其最具代表性的特征碎片离子。磷酸酯类农药裂解规律是二甲氧基磷酸酯P-0键易发生a断裂,生成m/z 109特征碎片离子。二乙氧基磷酸酯易脱去中性碎片C_2H_4,形成m/z81的特征离子。R'含有烯烃结构,易产生m/z127的特征碎片离子。膦酸酯类农药裂解规律与磷酸酯类似,特征性弱,膦键容易发生a断裂。选定了磷酸、膦酸酯类农药在质谱分析中常见的碎片离子,为农药残留筛查、确证分析提供参考。     

Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of an Epidermoid Cyst in a Foot of a Horse

An 18-year-old Quarter Horse mare was evaluated because of moderate left forelimb lameness of 4 weeks’ duration. The clinical evaluation and diagnostic perineural analgesia localized the lameness to the distal portion of the left forelimb. There was swelling on the dorsal and lateral aspect of the coronary band. Radiography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography of the foot revealed circumscribed well-capsulated soft tissue mass causing a focal deformation of the dorsolateral border of the middle phalanx. The treatment aimed to remove the mass surgically and stabilized the interphalangeal joint, but the owner elected human euthanasia before treatment attempt. Histopathology diagnosis was an epidermoid cyst, which was characterized by multilayers of keratin surrounded by stratified squamous epithelium. Although rare, an epidermoid cyst should be considered as a differential diagnosis for space-occupying mass in horses’ foot that develops chronic lameness after trauma. This report describes the multimodality appearance of the epidermoid cyst.