对水灾害治理标准规律的初步认识

水灾害治理标准是在一定的自然、社会经济和历史条件下的产物,并随着社会经济条件的变化而变化;同时,在一定的社会经济条件下具有暂时性和阶段性。水灾害治理标准发生作用的大小受人类活动干预程度的影响。水灾害治理标准具有可测性,通过对水灾害治理标准影响因素的统计或预测,可以有效地把握其发展变化趋势。认识并遵循水灾害治理标准的规律,对于正确制定水灾害治理标准,最大限度地发挥其作用具有积极意义。     

节水农业文献数据库分类检索系统的建立──节水农业文献资源开发利用研究Ⅱ

遵照分类检索“以类索文，触类全貌，类目编排，严谨科学”的基本原则及本数据库独具专题综合性的特殊要求，以中国图管分类法为基础，优选有关１～４级类目、类号，显明简要的类目注释．并制定一套划分文献的规则，依类揭示本库所收录的节水农业文献信息，满足有关用户以类索文的需要。     

基于芯样的沥青路面抗剪性能评价指标

以沥青路面的取芯芯样为研究对象,采用动载单轴贯入试验方法,通过有限元理论分析和对比试验确定了试验条件和参数,确定以一定作用次数下的贯入深度作为指标,能够较好地评价沥青路面的抗剪切性能.     

全区造林核查数据处理软件的研制

文章从全区人工造林更新实绩核查的实际出发 ,论述了全区造林核查数据处理软件的研制方法和过程 ,并详细介绍了软件的功能及使用效果。该软件的研制和使用对全区造林核查管理工作具有十分重要的价值。     

信息安全管理软件的比较研究

文章介绍了当前业界信息安全管理常用的ASSET、COBRA和Callio Secura 17799 3种软件的基本情况,然后从发行公司、运行平台、操作过程、功能等方面进行了比较,最后对这三种软件的使用对象提出了些建议。     

内标法同时测定挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸的方法探究

选用巴豆酸作为内标物,以内标标准曲线法定量,探讨无需任何前处理便能同时测定挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸的最佳色谱条件。用HP-INNOWAX(19091N-133)毛细管柱,以高纯氮作为载气,用氢火焰离子化检测器对挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸进行测定。结果表明:其理想检测条件为载气总压力160kPa,气化室温度250℃,检测室温度270℃,柱温采用程序升温法,初始温度120℃,然后以10℃/min升温速率升至220℃,保持2min。     

Standard for Bamboo and its International Trend

1 INTRODUCTIONNational forestry ecological engineering, as afundamental affair for environmental protectioncontains combating desertification, soil and waterconservation. Two measures might be taken to preventsoil and water losses. One measure is to enlarge theforest area and to stop cutting or to decrease cuttingforest so as to make forest coverage keep rising at astable speed, forest resources should be examined byremote sensing technology. The other is to control thecirculation of wood…     

森林资产评估的经济技术指标体系建立

依据建立森林资产评估的经济技术指标体系的原则和要求,将被评估的资产划分成了不同林种、树种、经营目的、立地类型和营造林模式组合的各种标准类型。以标准类型为基本单位,将森林经营及收获生产全过程的每道工序的物化劳动和活劳动及产出实行了计量指标化。然后将这些指标的单位有机整合,以形成一个区域的森林资产评估的经济技术指标体系。     

Sampling error resulting from depth-dependent plankton distributions and current differentials in a two-layered system

We evaluate a source of error observed in standard ichthyoplankton bongo tows in which volumes of water filtered did not result in increased catches of red-fish. Our analyses demonstrate that, under conditions where redfish larvae are distributed in surface waters in a two-layered system, current differentials between surface and subsurface layers resulted in biased, standardized estimates of larval abundances as a result of filtering varying amounts of subsurface waters. Analysis of standard survey results on Flemish Cap demonstrated that this source of bias was limited to the May-June period, after waters became stratified and before redfish passed from the larvae to pelagic juvenile stage. Correcting for this source of sampling bias wIII result in more accurate absolute estimates of ichthyoplankton abundance, and we estimate that variation (CV) for replicate samples may be reduced by 10%.     

Soil Salinization in Some Irrigated Areas of the Kingdom of Bahrain

Monitoring and assessment of agricultural land degradation is of vital importance for better land and water management planning and reclamation. It requires setting baseline information and basic analysis at specific time and space. About 33 geo-referenced soil sampling spots were selected in two agricultural production locations in the Kingdom of Bahrain to assess the status and preliminary causes of land degradation. Soil samples were taken from 13 sites in Diraz location while 19 samples were taken from Budayyi location. The samples were taken to 90 cm depth at 30 cm intervals. Standard procedures were followed to determine soil physiochemical properties. In addition, field observations on farm condition, distance from the sea, method of irrigation and irrigation water source were taken. Some of the soil samples were deliberately taken from outside the irrigated basins among trees compared with samples taken from inside the actively growing area for comparison. The results indicated that the salinity level was significantly （P 〈 0.001） higher at the 0-30 cm soil depth compared with 30-60 cm or 60-90 cm depths in both locations. The distance from the sea did not show clear correlation with surface soil salinity in Budayyi area compared with Diraz. Both locations showed significantly higher salinity levels on samples taken outside the actively growing areas compared with those taken from within. The effect is more prominent at the 0-30 cm depth. The observed variability on salinity levels may be attributed to farm management practices and deteriorating quality of ground water. Thus, agricultural land degradation in Bahrain cannot be attributed to ground water deterioration alone. The use of tertiary treated sewage water （TSE） may ease the pressure on ground water, but the pH of the TSE should be carefully monitored and managed with proper studies on leaching requirements to avoid further salinity complications.