鱿鱼钓机抖动方式改进之探讨

１９９６年７月～１０月份在西北太平洋作业的鱿鱼钓船经济效益普遍不太好,主要原因是渔场鱿鱼分布稀疏时,钓机的ＣＰＵＥ（单位努力渔获量）低。相比之下,手钓的ＣＰＵＥ却较高,笔者分析了在原抖方式下,鱿鱼稀疏时鱿鱼钓机的ＣＰＵＥ较手钓的ＣＰＵＥ低的原因,进而钓机原抖动方式提出了改进意见,并对改进方案的可行性进行了探讨。     

辐照灭菌对鱿鱼品质的影响

研究了辐照对冻鱿鱼维生素A和E、脂肪酸、蛋白质、氨基酸的影响。结果表明 :VA 、VE含量随辐照剂量的增加而逐渐下降 ,蛋白质、氨基酸有一定变化 ,脂肪酸无明显变化。根据品质因素综合分析确定 ,辐照鱿鱼的适宜剂量为 4～ 6kGy。     

Marine co‐product meals as a substitute of fishmeal in diets for white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei improve growth,feed intake and muscle HUFA composition

Total replacement of fishmeal using marine co‐product meals in the diets for white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its effects on growth, feed utilization and muscle HUFA and sterol composition were assessed in a 45‐day feeding trial with juvenile shrimp (0.32 g mean initial weight). Eight dietary treatments were tested: a control diet containing fishmeal (FM), a commercial shrimp diet as external reference and six diets where the FM in the control diet was totally replaced by pen shell scallop viscera (Pinna rugosa), squid viscera (Dosidicus gigas) or whole chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) meals, produced by two methods: (i) cooking followed by grinding and drying and (ii) grinding followed by drying. Survival in all treatments was above 92%, except in the commercial diet (77%). The growth response, feed utilization and chemical composition of shrimp varied among the treatments and were affected in different ways by the by‐products and the meals preparation process. Growth and feed intake were significantly higher in shrimp fed diets containing cooked‐dried squid and pen shell scallop viscera meals, and whole mackerel meal produced by grinding followed by drying. Muscle fatty acid profiles were improved for human consumption when these ingredients were used, compared with the diets containing FM.     

鱿鱼内脏制备功能性短肽的初步研究

为了选取水解鱿鱼内脏效果较优的蛋白酶,并对鱿鱼内脏的水解液进行分析,测定水解液的分子量分布范围,并对洗脱液的DPPH自由基清除能力进行分析。试验选取碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、动物蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶对鱿鱼内脏进行水解,通过测定水解液的总氮含量、氨基态氮含量,比较各水解液的水解度、氮收率以及水解得率。经大孔树脂对胰蛋白酶水解液进行水、20%、60%、80%甲醇-水梯度洗脱,经液相质谱(LC-MS)进行分析。结果发现水解液短肽分子量范围在100~2400,其中以60%梯度洗脱的水解液分子量分布范围较为集中,且以分子量在200左右的化合物为主,对各洗脱梯度水解液的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除能力分析可知60%梯度洗脱水解液DPPH清除能力为40.21%。胰蛋白酶为水解鱿鱼内脏较优的蛋白酶,且60%甲醇-水为最优洗脱浓度。     

Specific accumulation of heavy metals in squid collected from offshore Korean waters: preliminary results for offshore biomonitoring and food safety assessment

ABSTRACT:   Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus collected from the East Sea/Sea of Japan were analyzed for cadmium, zinc and copper to elucidate the specific accumulation of heavy metals in various organs of squid of varying size and sex. There was no relationship between the size and sex of squid and the concentrations of heavy metals in various organs. Amongst organs, the liver contained the highest concentrations of all metals and the mantle had the lowest concentrations. In the liver and gills, concentrations of copper were higher than the other metals because of the existence of copper in hemocyanin in the blood. Cadmium showed the highest ratios (L/M) of the concentrations in the liver and in the mantle, even though cadmium in liver had lower concentrations than copper and zinc. This indicates that cephalopods constitute an important source of cadmium for cephalopod predators. The results show that the Japanese common squid is a useful bioindicator of metal pollution in offshore Korean waters.     

乌贼墨中多酚氧化酶的分离及纯化

用pH7.2磷酸提取缓冲液从乌贼墨汁澡提取多酚氧化酶，提取的粗酶液经30%-80%饱和度硫酸铵分级沉淀、透析、DEAE-SepharoseCL-6B柱层析和SephadexG-150柱层析后，得到纯化的多酚氧化酶，纯化们数为10.78，纯化后的酶液经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，分别采用银染色和多酚氧化酶活性染色均显示一条电泳带。     

世界头足类资源开发现状和中国远洋鱿钓渔业发展概况

本文简述了世界头足类的资源开发与利用现状,还分析了世界八个主要海区的头足类产量及主要种类。西北太平洋的头足类产量一直保持领先,９０年代仍保持增的势头。１９９５年占世界头足类产量的３５．３％。     

理化因素对鱿鱼鱼精蛋白抑菌性的影响

选用鱿鱼精巢组织为原原料,经水解,抽提,沉淀等一系我方法得到鱿鱼鱼精蛋白样品。后经葡聚糖凝胶对其进行过滤层析,可得纯度较高的鱿鱼鱼精蛋白,最后对照讨论了各种理化因素如温度,盐离子浓度,酸度,有机成份等对鱿鱼鱼精蛋白抑菌性的影响,同时测定了其在不同影响因素下的最低抑菌浓度。     

单螺杆挤压鱿肝脏饲料的工艺研究

研究单螺杆挤压鱿肝脏虾饲料的生产工艺,并对研制的鱿肝脏虾饲料进行感官鉴定与饲养试验,对饲料成分分析结果表明,所有饲料蛋白质含量均达到了配方设计的要求(39.5%以上),满足南美白对虾对饲料蛋白质的营养需求,脂肪含量为5.98%~14.29%,其中添加鱿肝脏的饲料脂肪含量较添加鱿肝脏粉的高。感官检验结果表明当单螺杆挤压出口温度为70℃,原料水分含量为30%时,研制的饲料表面质地致密光洁,未出现裂痕。所有单螺杆挤压生产的鱿肝脏虾饲料均匀,水中稳定性好,添加鱿肝脏的虾饲料与添加鱿肝脏粉的饲料,南美白对虾的体重增长较快,尤以鱿肝脏添加量为12.47%的饲料最佳。