农村图书馆建设中的盲点

以农民信息需求的缺失为例分析了农村图书馆建设中,农民信息需求的缺失是农村图书馆建设中的盲点,成为农村图书馆建设的阻碍,也督促着农村图书馆建设者和研究者重新认识和重视农民的信息需求。提出应客观地找出影响农民信息需求的各方因素,为农村图书馆可持续发展、为图书馆成为农民生活生产中重要的信息支持者不断探索。     

景观规划控制构建城市特色研究

通过对欧美和日本等国景观规划控制的总结和我国景观规划控制现状的分析,促使在借鉴他国先进经验的基础上,结合我国实际情况,提出相应的手段与方法以提升我国景观规划控制水平,并展望新的目标,以有效保护和构建有特色的城市形象。     

关于会计职业道德建设的探讨

个别企业中虚假的会计信息已严重干扰了市场经济发展,扰乱了市场秩序,败坏了社会风气,这就使会计职业道德问题显现出来。本文浅述了会计职业道德内容、现状及其重要性,从而提出了关于加强会计职业道德建设的几点建议。     

从个案调查辨析改进院校图书馆管理服务

通过对某专业院校图书馆文献借阅情况调查,就改进院校图书馆管理,优化读者服务谈了一些看法。侧重于研究教学型的专业院校图书馆作讨论。     

构建高校图书馆与农家书屋的协作机制推动区域经济持续发展

从活跃农民群众文化生活、发展和繁荣农村文化的角度出发，从促进社会主义农村经济的协调发展、全面提高农民综合素质入手，对当前“农家书屋”发展现状以及存在的问题进行分析，探讨了高校图书馆对“农家书屋”工程建设的优势和促进“农家书屋”工程建设的有效方法和途径。     

Floristic diversity and vegetation patterns along disturbance gradient in arid coasts in southern Mediterranean: Case of the Gulf of Gabès,southern Tunisia

Knowledge about vegetation patterns along disturbance gradients is essential for conservation and management of coastal habitats in arid regions. This study focuses on the floristic diversity and the factors controlling the vegetation structure in the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia). For this purpose, the floristic diversity of 120 relevés belonging to three coastal sites with different disturbance levels (40 relevés per site) was analyzed in relation with 10 environmental and anthropogenic factors. Therophytes constitute 54% of the 237 plants species belonging to 44 families identified in the present study. The species richness and floristic diversity indices exhibited a similar trend and peaked in the slightly disturbed site (H′?=?3.38; S?=?176). The similarity between sites was relatively low and reached its maximum between the little and the highly disturbed sites. Two-way indicator species analysis and detrended correspondence analysis applied on the floristic data resulted in groups mainly determined by disturbance level by explicitly segregating the three sites. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that the spatial pattern of species composition was mainly influenced by anthropogenic variables. Partial CCA revealed that the effect of anthropogenic variables on floristic composition was thrice higher than the effect of environmental variables (57.5% vs. 18.4%, respectively). Overall, this study provides a broad understanding of the floristic diversity and vascular plant richness in the Gulf of Gabès. The obtained results reflected a disturbance–diversity pattern and thus revealed the obvious importance of maintaining the intermediate disturbance for biodiversity conservation and monitoring.     

城市污水处理厂二级出水用于城市绿化的研究

对废水浇灌景观植物进行可行性研究。评价指标为植物叶绿素、光合作用能力和呼吸作用能力。试验结果说明，经过生物处理的城市污水对植物有利无害，因此，城市污水经生物处理后可用于城市绿化。     

拟垫跗螋生物学特性的研究

拟垫跗螋是为害造纸原料荻和芦的害虫（蚜虫、蓟马、螨等）的重要捕食性天敌。在湖南洞庭湖区一年发生２代，以成虫和若虫在残杆、渣叶和土缝中越冬。成虫寿命第１代约４个月，第２代连越冬达１０个月。雌雄性比约５４。雌雄均可多次交尾，有的雌虫产卵后又可交尾。每头雌虫的产卵量平均３９．３粒。卵期平均６．５天。若虫期第１代近４个月，第２代连越冬约９个月。大田消长主要受地势高低、洪水、农药、食物等因素影响。并对保护利用跗螋控制害虫的措施进行了讨论     

Phytogeny and Cross-infectivity of Powdery Mildew Isolates (Podosphaera fuliginea s. lat.) on Cosmos and Cucumber

To clarify the relationship between the phylogeny and infectivity of isolates of Podosphaera fuliginea s. lat. (= Sphaerotheca fuliginea s. lat.) from cosmos and cucumber, more than 50 powdery mildew isolates from these two plants were subjected to nucleotide sequencing or PCR-RFLP analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and cross-inoculation tests. The isolates from both cosmos and cucumber are genetically monotypic, and there are six nucleotide substitutions in the rDNA ITS region between isolates from cosmos and cucumber. Cross-inoculation tests of these isolates revealed that isolates from cosmos are not pathogenic on cucumber. Although isolates from cucumber produced conidia on leaves of cosmos in the laboratory, the conidial density was much lower than that from isolates from cosmos. This result, as well as the fact that the cucumber strain was not isolated from cosmos in fields, suggests that isolates from cucumber do not infect cosmos in the field. Therefore, powdery mildews on cosmos and cucumber can be regarded to have become specialized for their hosts both genetically and pathogenically. The present study reconfirms the close relationship between phylogeny and infectivity of powdery mildew fungi. Host specialization may be a trigger that causes genetic divergence of powdery mildew fungi. Received 28 June 2000/ Accepted in revised form 4 September 2000     

Sequences of the 3′ Halves of the Genomes of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-PAV cpA Isolates that Vary in Symptom Severity

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)-PAV isolates from USA have been separated into two distinct clusters (Chay et al. (1996) Virology 219: 57–65; Chay et al. (1996) Phytopathology 86: 370–377). Following this finding we have shown that BYDV-PAV is divided into two groups cpA and cpB based on their coat protein gene sequence, and distinct host preferences (Mastari et al. (1998) Phytopathology 88: 818–821). We have sequenced the complete 3 half of the genomes of two lethal and two mild cpA isolates and compared them with those of several known PAV cpA isolates to assess variability and locate potential determinants of severity. Open reading frames (ORFs) 3, 4, 5, 6 and the 3 untranslated regions had different percent homologies between isolates: ORF5 (92–97%), ORF3 (88–98%) 3-translational enhancer (87–100%) ORF4 (85–99%), 3 untranslated region (72–97%) and ORF6 (61–99%). In contrast to the mild isolates, the field-lethal isolates (FHv1 and FHv2) fell into the same cluster, regardless of the genomic region analysed. The isolates FHv1 and FHv2 differed from mild isolates by eight amino acid substitutions in ORFs 3 and 4, and insertions in ORF5. Four amino acid substitutions in the 17-kDa protein encoded by ORF4 caused a change in local net charge in the field-lethal isolates. Two insertions of four amino acids were identified in the C-terminal half of ORF5 of the field-lethal isolates, but were not present systematically in all lethal isolates analysed. The potential relationships of these differences in predicted amino acid sequences to disease severity are discussed.