在中国新发现的一种羊的巴贝斯虫(Babesia)未定种

在中国甘肃某地自然感染发病绵羊的血液涂片中，观察到一种大型的巴贝斯虫（Ｂａｂｅｓｉａ）。虫体形态具多形性，有双梨籽形、单梨籽形、圆环形、棒状、不规则形、逗点形和三叶形。典型双梨籽形虫体的大小为１．８～２．５μｍ×０．９～１．８μｍ，平均（２．２１±０．１２）μｍ×（１．１７±０．１８）μｍ。个别红细胞中寄生有４个或８个虫体。该虫种特征性的形态是三叶形。它是相连的双梨籽形虫体两尖端的核质延伸（出芽），并生出原生质，发育成一个完整的梨籽形虫体，与母体共同排列形成三叶形的。该虫种可引起绵羊严重发病和死亡。本研究对自然感染发病羊的临床症状和死亡羊的病理变化进行了观察。该虫种的形态大小和致病力，与莫氏巴贝斯虫（Ｂ．ｍｏｔａｓｉ）和粗糙巴贝斯虫（Ｂ．ｃｒａｓｓａ）明显不同。     

不同肠段中氨基酸螯合锌吸收特点的研究

用 50日龄Wistar纯系雄性大鼠 ,以体内原位结扎肠段灌注技术结合放射性同位素示踪技术 ,通过与氯化锌比较 ,研究了十二指肠和空肠对氨基酸螯合锌 (以赖氨酸螯合锌和蛋氨酸螯合锌为代表 )的吸收特点。试验中观察了向结扎肠段灌注含不同形态锌的灌注液后 ,不同时间 (5 ,1 5 ,30 ,60 ,90 ,1 2 0min)血液中6 5Zn比放射性的动态变化 ,1 2 0min (试验结束 )时结扎肠段6 5Zn的消失率 ,不同组织器官中6 5Zn的比放射性的变化。试验结果表明 ,和空肠相比 ,十二指肠对 3种锌源的吸收率高 ;和氯化锌相比 ,十二指肠和空肠对 2种氨基酸螯合锌的吸收率高     

小安溪小流域治理突出生物过滤带建设效果好

在小安溪小流域综合治理中,合川市树立生态优先、科学防治的理念,将水土流失治理与生物过滤带建设以及溪河水质保护、生态观光旅游有机地结合起来,取得了较好的效果。     

Modelling the concentrations of nitrogen and water-soluble carbohydrates in grass herbage ingested by cattle under strip-grazing management

There is scope of increasing the nitrogen (N) efficiency of grazing cattle through manipulation of the energy and N concentrations in the herbage ingested. Because of asymmetric grazing by cattle between individual plant parts, it has not yet been established how this translates into the concentrations of N and water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in the herbage ingested. A model is described with the objective of assessing the efficacy of individual tools in grassland management in manipulating the WSC and N concentrations of the herbage ingested by cattle under strip‐grazing management throughout the growing season. The model was calibrated and independently evaluated for early (April), mid‐ (June, regrowth phase) and late (September) parts of the growing season. There was a high correlation between predicted and observed WSC concentrations in the ingested herbage (R² = 0·78, P < 0·001). The correlation between predicted and observed neutral‐detergent fibre (NDF) concentrations in the ingested herbage was lower (R² = 0·49, P < 0·05) with a small absolute bias. Differences in the N concentration between laminae and sheaths, and between clean patches and fouled patches, were adequately simulated and it was concluded that the model could be used to assess the efficacy of grassland management tools for manipulating the WSC and N concentrations in the ingested herbage. Model application showed that reduced rates of application of N fertilizer and longer rotation lengths were effective tools for manipulating herbage quality in early and mid‐season. During the later part of the growing season, the large proportion of area affected by dung and urine reduced the effect of application rate of N fertilizer on herbage quality. In contrast, relative differences between high‐sugar and low‐sugar cultivars of perennial ryegrass were largest during this period. This suggests that high‐sugar cultivars may be an important tool in increasing N efficiency by cattle when risks of N losses to water bodies are largest. The model output showed that defoliation height affects the chemical composition of the ingested herbage of both the current and the subsequent grazing period.     

树皮形态与解剖构造的研究

对北京地区28种常见树种树皮及枝皮进行了解剖研究，结果表明，研究的4种裸子植物树皮的韧皮部均无典型韧皮纤维而有树脂细胞，在24种被子植物韧皮部中均有典型韧皮纤维。根据周皮与次生韧皮部是否交互排列，把被子植物分为两类，在这两类中又根据周皮层数与韧皮纤维排列各分成3个类型。另外，白皮松、红松在韧皮部树脂细胞层数明显，旱柳、国槐、刺槐、毛白杨、加杨的韧皮纤维束数与年龄大致相当，可作为树龄测定依据，但对许多其他类型，不太适合。     

鼻咽癌来源LMP1转基因小鼠的制备

本试验利用显微注射技术，制备鼻咽癌来源LMP1基因（N-LMP1）的转基因小鼠。共获得15只首建鼠，经小鼠尾部组织DNA分析，PCR法证明其中两只小鼠有N-LMP1基因扩增带，Southern杂交显示PCR阳性小鼠有特异的杂交信号，整合率为13.3%，N-LMP1转基因小鼠的建立为研究N-LMP1转基因小鼠的建立为研究N-LMP1在鼻咽癌变过程中的作用机制奠定了基础。     

扁桃枝条对低温的反应

从新疆引种的3a生扁桃幼树上采集1a年生枝条为材料，以本地栽培品种久保桃为对照，研究2个品种在不同低温处理下，枝条的质膜透性、枝条受冻后保水能力及生长恢复能力。结果表明，扁桃忍耐低温的能力明显高于久保桃，可在引种地区安全越冬。     

Morphology of the pig cornea in normal conditions and after incubation in a perfusion apparatus

The fine structure of the pig cornea in normal conditions and after being used in a perfusion apparatus, for 4 h, is described. Earlier reports on the normal morphology of the pig cornea were partly not confirmed. Thus the number of cell layers in the epithelium was found to be 19-23 (a basal cell layer, 4–5 polyhedral cell layers and 14–17 squamous cell layers) compared to earlier reported 6–9 layers.The mean thickness of normal and perfused corneas were 722 μm and 752 μm respectively. Normal corneas had a hydration level of 77.2 % and after perfusion 78.5 %. The normal morphology and morphological changes due to exposure to perfusion were studied by light and electron microscopy. The differences observed between normal and perfused corneas have to be considered limited, and restricted mainly to the anterior squamous epithelium and the endothelium.Taken together our results indicate that the corneas used in the apparatus still had functional integrity.     

A Comparison of Seitz and Millipore Membrane Filters for the Enumeration of Fecal Coliforms

In a comparison of two commonly used membrane filters for enumerating fecal coliform bacteria it was demonstrated that Seitz type M filters recovered statistically more colonies of bacteria than did Millipore HAWG 047S1 filters from pure cultures of Escherichia coli incubated at 44 °C. The membranes were grown on 0.4 % Teepol agar. On incubation at 37°C no significant discrepancy was found. As a reference method was used pour plating in plate count agar (Difco). It was demonstrated that incubation at 44°C did not per se inhibit propagation of fecal coliforms. Both types of filters examined were sterilized by the manufacturers with ethylene oxide. The discrepancy found can therefore not be due to sterilization procedures.     

兔体双腔吸虫调查和形态学研究

经对宁夏4个地区1085只家兔和35只野兔的调查,发现有3种双腔属（Dicrocoelium）吸虫:矛形双腔吸虫（D.lanceatum）、东方双腔吸虫（D.orientalis）和中华双腔吸虫（D.chinensis）。其中后2种为宿主新纪录。它们在家兔中的感染率依次为4.2％、1.8％、0.4％,在野兔中的感染率依次为14.3％、5.7％、5.7％。中华双腔吸虫呈纺锤形,体长5.702～6.934mm,体宽1.091～1.549mm,长宽比4.9:1,睾丸并列,阴茎囊椭圆形并达腹吸盘前缘,卵黄腺起自于睾丸之后、卵巢之前水平处;其余2虫种的形态与记载的基本一致。