细胞因子对小尾寒羊胎盘成熟的影响

为了研究细胞因子对小尾寒羊胎盘成熟的影响 ,本实验采用液相竞争法和平衡法 ,对小尾寒羊空怀期 (n=5 )和妊娠期 (n=13)第 85天、10 5天、12 5天、14 0天和 15 0天 (足月 )时的血清白细胞介素 - 1β(IL - 1β)、白细胞介素 - 6 (IL - 6 )和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)的含量分别进行检测。结果表明 ,IL - 1β和 IL - 6含量在 12 5天时与对照组间差异极显著 (P<0 .0 1) ,TNF含量在各时期与对照组差异均显著 (P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 )。随着妊娠过程的进展 ,三种细胞因子含量逐渐增加 ,12 5天时达到最高值 ,分别为 0 .390± 0 .196 ng/ ml,5 79.8± 15 2 .8pg/ ml和 2 .348± 0 .396 ng/ ml。而后逐渐下降 ,到足月前略有回升 ,但仍低于 12 5天时的最高值。由此看出小尾寒羊在妊娠期间 ,细胞因子与妊娠之间有着密切的关系 ,前者对于维持妊娠起到重要作用。由于 14 0天至足月3种细胞因子基本稳定 ,这表明胎盘于 14 0天左右达到成熟 ,IL- 1β和 IL- 6与启动分娩有关 ,而 TNF可能参与小尾寒羊分娩的启动。     

甘露寡糖对肠道健康和免疫的调控机制及其在畜禽生产中的应用

过去几十年来,由于饲用抗生素在畜牧养殖业中的滥用,导致畜禽正常的肠道菌群被破坏并引起肠道细菌耐药性和环境污染等一系列问题,严重损害了畜禽的肠道健康。同时,近年来集约化养殖已经成为畜牧业的发展方向,养殖规模越来越大,如何有效地提高畜禽免疫力已然成为重点的研究方向。健康的肠道是保障畜禽健康生长的基础,保持健康的肠道菌群,能有效提高动物机体的免疫力和抗病能力。甘露寡糖是一种绿色新型饲料添加剂,作为一类功能性寡糖,具有改善畜禽肠道健康和提高免疫应答等作用。在猪生产中,添加甘露寡糖能够提高断奶仔猪的生长性能和免疫力。在家禽生产中,添加甘露寡糖能够改善家禽肠道菌群并提高生产性能和肉品质。作者主要介绍了甘露寡糖的结构及理化性质、改善肠道健康和免疫调控机制及其在断奶仔猪、育肥猪、蛋鸡和肉鸡生产中的应用效果。重点总结了甘露寡糖对畜禽肠道健康和免疫的调控机制及免疫途径,旨在为甘露寡糖在肠道健康和免疫调控方面的深入研究及其在畜禽养殖中的应用提供理论依据。     

中国板栗238份品种(系)叶片形态、解剖结构及其抗旱性评价

采用多功能图像分析法、冷冻切片法和指甲油印记法,对238份板栗品种(系)叶片的形态、解剖结构及气孔特征进行了观察测量,运用变异系数、主成分分析对33项指标进行了筛选,后运用隶属函数法进行抗旱性综合评价。结果表明:(1)238份板栗品种(系)33项指标中除上表皮角质层厚度、上表皮细胞宽度、第一层栅栏组织细胞密度、第一层栅栏组织细胞宽、下表皮细胞宽度和下表皮角质层厚等6项指标的变异系数小于10%,各品种系(间)差异较小外,其余27项指标的变异系数均大于10%,在各品种(系)间差异较大;经主成分分析从27项指标中筛选出10项作为238份板栗品种(系)抗旱性综合评价的典型指标。(2)利用隶属函数分析将238份品种(系)划分为4类:第Ⅰ类包括31个品种(系),平均隶属值为0.60～0.80,抗旱性极强;第Ⅱ类包括48个品种(系),平均隶属值为0.50～0.59,抗旱性强;第Ⅲ类包括84个品种(系),平均隶属值为0.30～0.49,抗旱性中;第Ⅳ类包括75个品种(系),平均隶属值为0.20～0.29,抗旱性弱。     

内毒素对兔红细胞膜磷脂含量的影响及阳离子A对其的拮抗效应

利用高效液相色谱法分别测定正常对照组（Ⅰ组）、内毒素组（Ⅱ组）和内毒素＋阳离子A拮抗组（Ⅲ组）中兔红细胞膜磷脂酰胆碱（PC）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）、磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）和磷脂酰肌醇（PI）含量。结果显示，Ⅱ组中除PE在处理后0．5h没有明显变化外（P〉0．05），PC、PE、PS、PI含量在0，5、1、3、5、7h均低于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05，P〈0．01）；而Ⅲ组中除PS、PE和PI在处理后0．5h、PC在1h、PI在3h没有明显变化外（P〉0．05），整个时间段中上述4种磷脂的含量均高于Ⅱ组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。可见，内毒素能使兔红细胞膜磷脂含量降低，而阳离子A在一定程度上具有对内毒素的拮抗作用和对红细胞膜的保护效应。     

乳酸锌对断奶肉兔生长性能、肠道发育和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加乳酸锌对断奶肉兔生长性能、肠道发育和血清生化指标的影响.选择28日龄同期断奶新西兰兔420只,随机分为5组:对照组(饲喂基础饲粮,饲粮中添加硫酸锌形式的锌0 mg/kg)、硫酸锌组(在基础饲粮中添加硫酸锌形式的锌80 mg/kg)以及3个乳酸锌组(在基础饲粮中分别添加乳酸锌形式的锌20、40、8...     

EVALUATION OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SAFETY OF VETERINARY RADIOFREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION DEVICES AT 1 T

Implants containing metallic components have the potential to become heated or move within the patient while in the magnetic resonance (MR) environment. Despite containing a ferromagnetic core and having been in use for over 20 years, no information is available on the safety of veterinary radiofrequency identification devices during MR examinations. These devices are the most commonly encountered metallic implants in dogs and cats undergoing MR imaging. Three commercial veterinary microchips were evaluated for safety in the MR environment at 1 T. Parameters tested were translational force, torque, heating, artifact production, and function. Translation and torque were larger than that expected from normal activity under normal gravity. No significant heating was observed. Signal void artifacts may affect diagnosis if they are too close to the area of clinical importance. Microchip function was unaffected by routine clinical MR imaging. Capsule formation around devices is a major factor in counteracting translation and torque. Our findings support that is acceptable for patients to undergo MR imaging with this 1 T system following an interval of 3 months postimplantation to allow capsule growth. Because of the complex interactions involved, these observations may not be translatable to MR scanners of different field strength and/or manufacturer. Further safety testing of these and other radiofrequency identification devices is therefore recommended at different field strengths and equipment specifications.     

Normal haematopoiesis,cellular components and stainable iron content in the bone marrow of camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Bone marrow samples were collected from the ribs of 20 healthy adult male Iranian camels (Camelus dromedarius). The bone marrow smears were stained using Wright's stain. Blood samples were collected at the same time for routine haematological examination. The development and morphology of the blood cells in the bone marrow of the camels were similar to those of other domestic species. The mean myeloid/erythroid ratio was 1.21, the mean erythroid percentage was 42.7% and the mean myeloid percentage was 52.0%. The mean percentage of other cells was 5.3%. The mean percentage of eosinophils in the myeloid series was higher than in other domestic species. Iron stores, estimated from Perl's stain, ranged from scant (1+) to moderate (3+) but most samples had 2+ iron content. All peripheral blood results were within reference ranges.     

Outer membrane protein A of Acinetobacter baumannii induces autophagy via Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells

AIM:To analyze the effects of outer membrane protein A (OmpA) from Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 on the autophagy of RAW264.7 cells. METHODS:The RAW264.7 cell model stimulated by OmpA was established. The effects of OmpA on the autophagy of RAW264.7 cells were detected by immunofluorescence, Western blot and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS:The OmpA increased the expression of LC3B-Ⅱ and reduced the phosphorylation levels of Akt, mTOR and p70S6K. Rapamycin further reduced the phosphorylation levels of mTOR and p-70S6K, and increased the expression of LC3B-Ⅱ induced by OmpA. CONCLUSION:The OmpA of Acinetobacter baumannii induces autophagy via Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in the RAW264.7 cells. This work provides a basis for further research on the molecular mechanism of autophagy induced by Acinetobacter baumannii to find a new method against the infection of Acinetobacter baumannii.     

球花含笑的形态学特征研究

通过对球花含笑枝、叶、花、果以及花粉、幼苗形态的深入观察与研究,全面地论述了球花含笑的形态学特征,据此对该种植物在分类学上的归属地位提出了新见解。     

Effect of different levels of raw and heated grass pea seed (Lathyrus sativus) on nutrient digestibility,intestinal villus morphology and growth performance of broiler chicks

This study aimed to investigate chemical composition and effect of different levels (0%, 10% and 20%) of raw grass pea (RGP) and heat‐treated (120 °C for 30 min) grass pea seed (HGP) on nutrient digestibility, dressing percentage, relative internal organ weights, intestinal villous morphology and broiler chicks' performance. A total number of 200 day‐old male chicks were raised under similar condition for 10 days. On day 11, chicks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments and four replicates of 10 birds each. The result of chemical analysis indicated that Iranian grass pea seed has low levels of total and condensed tannin, and it may be considered as a good source of protein (36.1%) and energy (17.09 kJ GE/g). Heat treatment reduced (p < 0.05) the total and condensed tannin to 21% and 78% respectively. Grass peas seed had higher levels of nitrogen‐free extract, P, Na, Mg and Zn than soya bean meal. The apparent digestibility of gross energy and lipid was affected (p < 0.01) by the treatment diets, and it was the lowest after feeding 20% of HGP (p < 0.05). The relative weight of breast and pancreas (p < 0.05) was affected by treatments. Percentage weight of breast and pancreas increased (p < 0.05) after feeding high levels (20%) of RGP and HGP. Substitution of 20% of RGP and HGP increased the duodenal crypt depth (p < 0.05); however, it had no suppressive effect on villus height as the absorptive surface of intestine. The feed conversion ratio was not affected by the treatments in the total experimental period. This study showed that, although the high level of grass pea seed caused a remarkable increase in the relative weight of pancreas and decreased the apparent digestibility of gross energy and lipid, it had beneficial effect on breast relative weight. It seems that heat processing is not effective method for improving quality of Iranian grass pea seed.