AR regulates porcine immature Sertoli cell growth via binding to RNF4 and miR-124a

Sertoli cells are the only somatic cells in the seminiferous epithelium which directly contact with germ cells. Sertoli cells exhibit polarized alignment at the basal membrane of seminiferous tubules to maintain the microenvironment for growth and development of germ cells, and therefore play a crucial role in spermatogenesis. Androgens exert their action through androgen receptor (AR) and AR signalling in the testis is essential for maintenance of spermatogonial numbers, blood–testis barrier integrity, completion of meiosis, adhesion of spermatids and spermiation. In the present study, we demonstrated that AR gene could promote the proliferation of immature porcine Sertoli cells (ST cells) and the cell cycle procession, and accelerate the transition from G1 phase into S phase in ST cells. Meanwhile, miR-124a could affect the proliferation and cell cycle procession of ST cells by targeting 3′-UTR of AR gene. Furthermore, AR bound to the RNF4 via AR DNA-binding domain (DBD) and we verified that RNF4 was necessary for AR to regulate the growth of ST cells. Above all, this study suggests that AR regulates ST cell growth via binding to RNF4 and miR-124a, which may help us to further understand the function of AR in spermatogenesis.     

两种木聚糖酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和养分代谢率的影响

试验旨在探讨不同来源木聚糖酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响。将1日龄健康黄羽肉鸡540羽,随机分成3组,每组6个重复,每重复30羽,试验期42 d。对照组饲喂小麦-玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验A、B组分别饲喂基础日粮中添加200 g/t木霉产木聚糖酶和200 g/t细菌产木聚糖酶的试验日粮,木聚糖酶酶活均为30 000 IU/g。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验A、B组的平均日增重和粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙、磷的表观代谢率及日粮表观代谢能均显著提高（P < 0.05）,料重比显著降低（P < 0.05）,粗蛋白质表观代谢率分别提高了5.90%（P < 0.05）和3.54%（P > 0.05）。试验A、B组之间各测定指标没有显著差异（P > 0.05） 。上述结果表明日粮中添加200 g/t木霉产木聚糖酶或细菌产木聚糖酶均能提高养分代谢率,改善肉鸡生长性能,木霉产木聚糖酶的效果稍好于细菌产木聚糖酶。     

Research onBiomass of Four Kinds of Honevsuckles in the Same Growth Condition

通过观察记录4种忍冬在同一生长环境下的生长量,结果表明：其在同一环境下冠幅生长董依次为l鞑靼忍冬〉长白忍冬〉台尔曼思冬〉葱皮忍冬;新梢生长量依次为：鞑靼忍冬〉葱皮忍冬〉长白忍冬〉台尔曼忍冬。     

生长激素释放肽及其生物学效应

生长激素释放肽(Ghrelin)是一种在动物体内广泛存在的生长激素促分泌素受体(GHSR)的内源性配体, Ghrelin与位于下丘脑的GHSR结合后,具有促进生长激素释放、增加食欲、调节消化系统功能及能量代谢等作用。文章就Ghrelin的结构、分布、生物学效应及在畜牧业上的应用前景等方面进行综述,以期促进Ghrelin的进一步深入研究。     

酶解豆粕对肉鸡生产性能和养分消化率的影响

本试验旨在研究微生物蛋白酶水解豆粕对1～21日龄肉鸡生长性能和养分消化率的影响。选择1日龄科宝母雏336只,随机分为4组,即对照组、试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组。对照组为玉米—豆粕型基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别以5%、10%和15%酶解豆粕替代对照组中等量的普通豆粕。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组显著提高了肉鸡采食量（12%～21%）和增重（8%～16%）(P<0.05),降低料重比（3%～7%）(P<0.05);试验组对干物质、粗蛋白质、能量、钙和磷的消化率也具有显著的提高作用(P<0.05);各试验组之间,生产性能和干物质、粗蛋白质、钙消化率差异显著(P<0.05),但能量和磷的消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,豆粕经酶解改善了其蛋白质的营养价值,肉仔鸡日粮添加酶解豆粕可以提高肉鸡的生长性能和养分消化率。     

Effects of plane of nutrition on growth,feed intake,digestibility and nitrogen balance in Murrah graded male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves in Nepal

An experiment was conducted using 17 male buffalo calves to assess the effects of plane of nutrition on dry matter intake (DMI), daily gain (DG), body size measurement, apparent digestibility and nitrogen (N) balance. To attain 250 kg BW, the calves were allocated into three groups: H, L‐H and L, receiving the concentrate at 1.50% of BW, 0.75% of BW until 190 kg BW and 1.50% thereafter and 0.75% of BW, respectively. The animals had ad libitum access to urea‐treated rice straw (UTRS). The DMI of UTRS through the experiment was higher in L and L‐H than H, showing 3.52, 2.90 and 2.62 kg/day, respectively (P < 0.01), but the total DMI did not differ among the treatment groups. The DG throughout the experiment was high in the order of H, L‐H and L, showing 0.72, 0.57 and 0.45 kg, respectively (P < 0.01). The digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral and acid detergent fiber and N retention were higher in H than in L (P < 0.05). The findings of this study thus revealed the greater DG has an advantage of shortening the growing period around 3 months, and consequently increasing benefit in fattening of buffalo calves in Nepal.     

欧拉型藏羊杂交改良山谷型藏羊F_1代生长发育对比分析

为研究甘南地区欧拉羊杂交改良山谷型藏羊效果,对欧拉羊与山谷型藏羊杂交试验组和山谷型藏羊本交对照组所产后代的初生、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄的体尺、体重进行了跟踪测定,并对不同年龄段杂交后代与对照组后代进行了对比分析和差异显著性检验。结果表明：杂交F1代初生、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄的体尺、体重极显著的高于对照组（P〈0.01）,初生、18月龄管围差异显著,3月龄、6月龄、12月龄管围差异不显著（P〉0.05）。     

Effect of restricted suckling on milk yield,milk composition and udder health in cows and behaviour and weight gain in calves,in dual-purpose cattle in the tropics

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of restricted suckling (RS) in dual-purpose cows and calves compared to artificial rearing (AR). Twelve Holstein-Zebu cows with calves were assigned to each treatment. Cows were milked once daily in the morning with calves present to stimulate milk let-down. RS calves suckled 30 min after milking and 30 min in the afternoon, whereas AR calves were milk-fed from nipple bottles. The daily saleable milk yield was higher in RS than in AR cows (p < 0.01; 7.44 vs 6.50 kg/day), whereas RS cows had lower milk-fat content (p < 0.001). AR cows had higher California Mastitis Test scores (p < 0.001) and lower lactose content (p < 0.001) compared to RS cows, which indicates an improved udder health in RS cows. AR calves displayed more ‘cross-suck’ during suckling/milk feeding (p < 0.001) and during observations of general behaviour (p < 0.05), and more ‘lick and sniff interior’ during milking (p < 0.05) and suckling/milk feeding (p < 0.01), compared to RS calves. During observations of general behaviour the RS calves were more often observed to ‘walk’ (p < 0.01) and ‘lick self’ (p < 0.05) and less frequently to ‘eat concentrate’ (p < 0.05) than AR calves. Results support the hypothesis that RS increases milk yield, influences milk composition and improves udder health in cows, and decreases abnormal sucking in calves.     

柴术抗激散对早期断奶仔猪生产性能和血清应激相关激素水平的影响

本试验旨在研究柴术抗激散对早期断奶仔猪生产性能和血清应激相关激素水平的影响。选用(28±2)日龄"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪48头,随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复4头猪,分别饲喂添加0、1%、2%、3%柴术抗激散的日粮,试验期28 d。结果显示,日粮中添加2%和3%的柴术抗激散能显著提高断奶仔猪的平均日采食量和平均日增重(P＜0.05),显著降低料重比(P＜0.05),极显著降低腹泻率(P＜0.01),可显著降低35和56日龄仔猪的血清皮质醇水平(P＜0.05),显著提高35和56日龄仔猪血清生长激素、胰岛素、三碘甲状腺素、胃泌素水平(P＜0.05)。由此可知,日粮中添加柴术抗激散可有效缓解断奶应激对仔猪造成的伤害,且在日粮中添加2%的柴术抗激散效果最好。     

艾蒿对不同植物幼苗的化感作用初探

在室内用离体生物测定方法测定了艾蒿水浸提物对黄瓜、油菜、高粱、萝卜和小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,并同时测定了黄瓜和萝卜幼苗丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果表明,艾蒿水浸提液对5种植物种子的萌发和幼苗生长均有较强的抑制作用,5种受体植物中,以油菜最为敏感,其次为萝卜。0.025g/mL浓度的艾蒿水提液对5种受体油菜、萝卜、黄瓜、小麦和高粱种子的综合效应(SE)分别为100%,87.26%,69.88%,61.11%和52.77%。艾蒿水提物能引起黄瓜和萝卜幼苗MDA含量的升高,表明艾蒿化感作用对受体植物的影响很可能与其引起MDA含量升高,从而导致植物细胞膜的破坏有关。