栽培措施对萝卜生长特性及产量的影响

研究不同栽培措施对萝卜生产的影响,结果表明:试验条件下,播种太早或太迟,对萝卜生长都不利,"瑞雪"萝卜最适播种期应为9月25日至11月5日;利用地膜覆盖,萝卜地上部和地下部的生产速度明显提高,生育期提早,产量比露地提高了36.64%;每667m2种植密度以6 500~7 500株为好。     

不同滴灌频率对大田覆膜小西瓜生长特性及品质的影响

在灌溉定额一定的情况下,研究了不同滴灌频率对大田膜下小西瓜在果实膨大期以及成熟期内有关特性的影响,以期为豫北平原地区大田膜下滴灌小西瓜生长中后期阶段确定最佳的滴灌频率。结果表明:不同灌溉频率对小西瓜生长过程中根粗、茎粗和蔓长的影响不是特别明显。从试验数据来看,以果实膨大期中频(T3),果实成熟期低频(T5)处理效果较好。此灌溉频率组合下不仅小西瓜长势好,而且甜度较大,省工省时又节水。     

防护条件下梭梭幼苗生长及养分吸收特性

以新疆古尔班通古特沙漠南缘管件防护与传统移栽2种方式移栽的梭梭幼苗为实验材料,通过野外监测与室内分析,探讨了管件防护条件下梭梭幼苗的生长及养分吸收特性。结果表明:整个生育期内,管件防护梭梭幼苗的各生长指标与传统移栽苗相比,增幅最大的为茎粗,其次为株高。年周期内管件防护梭梭幼苗的生物量呈递增趋势,单株生物量累积可达45.25 g·株~(-1);净增加27.10 g·株~(-1),是传统移栽苗的1.38倍(P0.05)。管件防护梭梭幼苗体内的氮素、磷素、钾素含量呈先升高后降低趋势,在同化枝生长期达到峰值,分别为11.376 g·kg~(-1)、1.066 g·kg~(-1)和23.340 g·kg~(-1),较传统移栽苗高24%、15%和8%,差异显著;而其梭梭幼苗氮素、磷素、钾素的总积累量却呈递增趋势,年净增积累量分别为0.297 g·株~(-1)、0.027 g·株~(-1)和0.560 g·株~(-1),是传统移栽苗的2.23倍、1.72倍和1.65倍;各时期梭梭幼苗体内的氮素、磷素、钾素含量及总积累量均高于传统移栽苗。     

断奶日龄对五指山仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究断奶日龄对五指山仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。选取日龄相近(±1 d)、体重[(0.56±0.07)kg]相近的五指山仔猪96头,随机分成4组,每组设4个重复,每个重复6头猪。4组仔猪分别在21、28、35和42日龄断奶。试验从8日龄开始,至56日龄结束,试验期间定期测定体重、采食量和血清生化指标。结果表明:各组仔猪断奶后平均日增重(ADG)出现不同程度的下降,且断奶日龄越早,ADG下降幅度越大;35日龄断奶组和42日龄断奶组21~28日龄、28~35日龄、35~42日龄、49~56日龄阶段的ADG显著高于21日龄断奶组(P0.05)。各组仔猪断奶后平均日采食量(ADFI)显著增加(P0.05),42日龄以后,各组ADFI无显著差异(P0.05)。21日龄断奶组、28日龄断奶组、35日龄断奶组血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量以及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性在断奶后7 d均发生显著变化(P0.05),并以21日龄断奶组波动最大;与35日龄断奶组和42日龄断奶组相比,21日龄断奶组28、35日龄时血清TP、ALB、IgG、IgM含量显著降低(P0.05),ALT、AST、LDH活性显著提高(P0.05),到56日龄时,血清TP、IgG、IgM含量仍显著低于35日龄断奶组和42日龄断奶组(P0.05)。21日龄断奶组血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHOL)含量在28~56日龄间存在显著变化(P0.05),35日龄断奶组和42日龄断奶组血清TG、CHOL含量在整个试验期内均无显著变化(P0.05)。35日龄断奶组血清TP、ALB、IgG、IgM含量以及ALT、AST、LDH活性除在42日龄时与42日龄断奶组存在显著差异(P0.05)外,其余时间点与42日龄断奶组均无显著差异(P0.05)。由此得出,35或42日龄断奶的五指山仔猪在生长性能、血清生化指标及免疫机能方面优于21日龄断奶的五指山仔猪。     

苦瓜对8种蔬菜的化感作用

以8种海南主要栽培的蔬菜为受体,采用室内生测法研究苦瓜(Momordica charantiaL.)茎叶水浸提液对其化感作用。结果表明:苦瓜茎叶水浸提液对8种受体植物的种子萌发和幼苗生长均有一定的化感效应,且化感作用方式和强度在受体间及指标间存在显著差异;化感作用综合效应的平均值大小顺序为:辣椒黄瓜豇豆菜豆萝卜樱桃番茄胡萝卜番茄。试验结果为建立合理的栽培制度提供了理论和试验依据。     

Effect of Alfalfa Flavonoids on Growth Performance and Serum Indexes of Sheep

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of alfalfa flavonoids (Medicago sativa) on growth performance and serum indexes of sheep.This experiment was performed with hybrid F1 sheep of Suffolk sheep×Small-tailed Han sheep.Twenty-eight sheep with the body weight of (27.02±3.03) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 7 replicates in each group and 1 sheep per replicate.Sheep in different groups were fed diets with 0 (group Ⅰ), 0.1% (group Ⅱ), 0.2%(group Ⅲ) and 0.4% (group Ⅳ) alfalfa flavonoids, respectively.The experiment was cosisted of 7-day-preliminary trial and 41-day-formal trial.The results showed as follows:① Dietary supplementation of alfalfa flavonoids had no significant effects on growth performance of sheep(P>0.05).② Dietary supplementation of alfalfa flavonoids had significant effects on the contents of GLB, ASP, BUN, HDL and P in serum (P<0.05).Serum GLB content at the 1st day in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in groupsⅠand Ⅱ(P<0.05), serum ASP contents at the 1st and 21th days in group Ⅳ were significantly lower than those in group Ⅰ(P<0.05), serum BUN content at the 1st day in group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05), serum HDL content at the 21th day in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05), serum P content in group Ⅳ at the 21th day was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05).In conclusion, dietary supplementation of alfalfa flavonoids might modulate lipid metabolism, improve nitrogen utilization, maintain energy metabolic and balance Ca and P contents, and have the potential function for promoting growth and no adverse effect on liver.The results suggested that the appropriate supplemental level of alfalfa flavonoids for sheep was 0.2%.     

除虫菊地上部分水浸液对杂草种苗生长的影响

采用室内培养皿法,测试除虫菊地上部分水浸液对田间常见6种杂草种苗生长的影响。结果表明:不同质量浓度水浸液对杂草种苗生长的抑制作用依质量浓度梯度存在差异,除播娘蒿外其他5种总体均表现"低促高抑"趋势,在最高质量浓度0.03g·mL-1处理下,抑制作用最强;杂草种苗所受抑制作用大小依受体杂草种类存在差异,总体抑制作用由大到小依次为播娘蒿泽漆雀麦婆婆纳反枝苋野燕麦;除虫菊地上部分水浸液对试验杂草生理代谢影响测试表明,高质量浓度水浸液处理下,杂草幼苗受氧化胁迫严重。双子叶杂草较单子叶杂草对水浸液更敏感。     

Effects of bFGF on brain edema,nerve function injury and autophagy related protein in rats with traumatic brain injury

AIM:To study the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on brain edema, nerve function damage and autophagy related proteins in rats with head injury. METHODS:The rat model of craniocerebral injury (CI) was constructed. The rats were divided into control group, CI group, and low-, middle-and high-dose bFGF groups (n=10). The CI model was established in CI group, while the rats in control group were not given epidural impact. The rats in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose bFGF groups were given bFGF at 2, 4 and 6 μg, respectively, by intraperitoneal injection after 30 min. The neurological function in the rats was evaluated by improved neurological function scoring. The rat brain tissues were taken, and the water content was detected. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β in the brain tissue were measured by ELISA. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content was analyzed by thiobarbituric acid method. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was examined by WST-8 assay. The glutathine peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was detected by colorimetric method. The protein levels of autophagy related proteins LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1 in the brain tissues were determined by Western blot. RESULTS:The neurological function score was increased significantly of the rats in CI group. The rat model of craniocerebral injury was successfully constructed. Neurological function scores in the rats in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose bFGF groups were reduced, the water content of the brain tissue was also reduced (P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1 β were decreased in the brain tissues (P<0.05), the content of MDA was declined (P<0.05), the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were increased (P<0.05), the protein levels of LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1 were decreased, compared with the untreated rats in CI group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:bFGF improves the nerve function of the rats with craniocerebral injury, reduces the water content of the brain tissue, reduces the expression of autophagic protein LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1.The mechanism is related to the inhibition of inflammatory reaction and oxidative damage.     

基于GPU的原油液体仿真效率优化研究

采用我国省际细分的出口产品数据，结合熵指数、出口复杂度指数度量我国31个省份的出口多样化和出口技术复杂度；建立出口多样化、技术复杂度影响经济增长的计量模型，采用省际面板数据进行实证研究。结果发现，总体上我国出口多样化在波动中有所上升，但在不同地区之间存在明显差异；出口技术复杂度呈现明显上升趋势；出口多样化、技术复杂度的提高均能促进地区经济增长。     

Comparative bioactivity of selected seed extracts from Brazilian Annona species and an acetogenin-based commercial bioinsecticide against Trichoplusia ni and Myzus persicae

The acute and chronic toxicity of ethanolic seed extracts from selected Brazilian Annona species (Annona montana Macfadyen, Annona mucosa Jacquin, Annona muricata Linnaeus, and Annona sylvatica A. St.-Hil) and an acetogenin-based commercial bioinsecticide (Anosom^®) were investigated against the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In the laboratory, extracts of A. mucosa and A. sylvatica as well as Anosom^® were especially active through oral and topical administration. A greenhouse trial showed that a formulated A. mucosa extract and Anosom^® were highly effective (>98% mortality) against third instar T. ni larvae, and comparable to a pyrethrin-based commercial insecticide (Insect Spray^®) used as a positive control. Similar to results with T. ni, A. mucosa extract showed the greatest aphicidal activity followed by A. sylvatica extract and Anosom^®. In another greenhouse trial, aphid population reduction from the formulated A. mucosa extract was superior to that provided by other treatments including the positive control. Though inferior to the A. mucosa extract, the acetogenin-based commercial insecticide (Anosom^®) and A. sylvatica extract also reduced aphid populations in a manner comparable to the positive control. Botanical insecticides based on these Annonaceae derivatives could be useful in the framework of Brassica IPM in Brazil and elsewhere, especially for organic production.