利用醇溶蛋白分析小麦强优势组合亲本遗传差异

利用A－PAGE方法对小麦（黑麦）异源重组系异源2号组配的22个强优势杂交组合的亲本进行了醇溶蛋白分析。结果表明,醇溶蛋白图谱能将除绵农2号和绵农3号外的所有亲本区分开。电泳共分离出44条相对迁移率不同的谱带。其中,37条具多态性,每个材料可分离出17～27条谱带。父本异源2号与其强优势组合母本间醇溶蛋白遗传距离相对较小,平均值为0．34。根据醇溶蛋白遗传距离聚类结果,1B／1R和非1B／1R易位系被分别聚在不同（亚）类中,多数系谱相同或相近的品种（系）能被聚在一起。醇溶蛋白遗传距离与亲本各性状表型差异及F1杂种优势间相关均不显著,难以用于预测杂种优势。     

生物发酵对大口黑鲈的脱腥效果研究

采用植物乳杆菌、酵母菌及复配适度发酵大口黑鲈,研究改善其风味的效果。利用感官分析、电子鼻和新型固相萃取整体捕集-气相色谱-质谱联用技术 （MMSE-GC-MS） 检测不同微生物发酵处理后鲈鱼的挥发性风味成分,分析其脱腥前后风味物质的变化。感官和电子鼻分析结果显示处理组与对照组间气味差异明显。GC-MS结果表明,鲈鱼经生物发酵后,辛醛、壬醛、癸醛、1-戊烯-3-醇和6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮等腥味物质经微生物转化利用,呈现不同程度的减少,显示出脱腥效果。其中,植物乳杆菌处理组产生了2,3-戊二酮、香叶基丙酮等具有奶油香、花香等愉悦气味的物质,风味更协调,脱腥增香效果明显。     

单克隆抗体夹心ELISA试验检测鸡新城疫病毒抗原的研究

从10株抗鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)特异性单克隆抗体(MAbs) 中筛选出2株MAbs—M22和F23,分别用作包被抗体和酶标抗体而建立的MAbs—夹心ELISA试验,对提纯NDV的最小检出量为25ng/ml病毒蛋白.NDV鸡阳性血清对本试验的特异性阻断作用和与其他禽类病毒交叉反应的阴性结果,证明本试验对NDV的特异性。从临床疑为鸡新城疫的724只病鸡的口腔棉试样品中共检出阳性502只,其中200个样品与病毒分离试验结果完全一致,两者均查出阳性鸡176只。     

利用菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒与Bt复合剂防治菜粉蝶研究

复合剂(菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒Pierisrapae GV与苏云金杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis)是北京农业职业学院配制的生物制剂。采用浸叶法和喷雾法对菜粉蝶幼虫进行室内和田间防治试验。结果表明,室内用药4 d后,复合剂处理对菜粉蝶3龄、4龄幼虫的防效均在81.0%以上,显著高于单剂Bt处理。田间试验,复合剂以浓度1350ml·hm^-2防治时,用药5 d、7 d后,防效均在80.0%以上,显著高于单剂Bt处理。下午4:00喷洒复合剂7 d、12 d后,其防效均在79.3%以上,显著高于上午9:00喷药的防效,具有显著的持效性。应用复合剂防治菜粉蝶有重要的杀虫潜力。     

Ultimate Bearing Capacity Analysis of High Strength Single Angle Compression Member Eccentrically at One End

To analyze mechanical behavior of Q460 high strength single angle steel struts with an eccentric load at one end in transmission towers, experimental analysis and theoretical calculation were carried out to study the overall stability and local buckling of members. Spherical hinge bearing and double knife edge bearing were applied at axial end of specimens. Influence of some factors on bearing capacity of compression members with eccentricities at both ends was analyzed, such as the end supporting conditions and residual stresses. It was shown that whether spherical hinge bearing or double knife edge bearing was used at axial end, the mechanical behavior can be accurately presented and the residual stresses affected the ultimate load carrying capacity by about 5％ or less. Compared with different methods, such as experiment method、finite element method, method in the Guide for American Design of Latticed Steel Transmission Structure（ASCE101997）and method in Chinese Technical Regulation of Design for Tower and Pole Structure of Overhead Transmission Line (DL/T51542002), it was found that the calculated strength of high strength steel member by standard calculation method in DL/T51542000 was over conservative. According to the research results, the revised formulas of ASCE were proposed with dividing actual material strength by the resistance coefficient of rR=1.111. Therefore, the experimental results can provide reference for designing high strength Q460 single angle steel members compressed eccentrically at one end.     

香烟中铜和锌含量的分析研究

用原子吸收光谱法测定多种香烟中的锌、铜含量,结果表明,不同种类香烟中所含的金属元素有一定的差异。低档香烟中的金属元素含量比高档、中档香烟的含量高;烤烟型香烟中的金属元素含量比外香型香烟低。该结果为烟草栽培、烟草加工、香烟配方、生产工艺,以及探讨香烟中金属元素对人体的危害提供了可靠的依据。     

Analysis of wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium derivatives with BYDV-resistance

Chromosome compositions of seven lines, derived from hybrids between a wheat cultivar and the wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium addition line Z6, with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) resistance, were determined by genomic in situ hybridization, cytogenetic and SSR assays. The results showed that line N522 was a disomic addition line, lines N420 and N439 were 2Ai-2(2B) chromosome substitution lines, lines N431 and N452 were 2Ai-2(2D) chromosome substitution lines, line N523 was a 2Ai-2S(2D) ditelosomic substitution line, and line N530 was a double ditelosomic line with the mitotic chromosome number of 2n = 40 + 4t. One pair of telosomes in line N530 lacked several proximal SSR markers of chromosome 2AS, but possessed certain terminal markers, which were consistent with an acrocentric structure, and the other pair of chromosome arms were presumably 2Ai-2S telosomes with BYDV-resistance. These wheat-Th. intermedium lines provide useful genetic resources for developing alien chromosome translocation lines.     

基于MaxEnt模型湖南双季稻种植气候适宜性分布研究

通过查阅了相关文献资料,选取了适宜湖南水稻种植分布8个潜在的气候因子和湖南17个双季稻农业气象观测站点位置信息,利用MaxEnt模型,构建了湖南杂交水稻潜在种植分布与气候因子关系模型,得出影响湖南水稻种植的主要气候因子,以及湖南水稻适宜性种植分布区域。结果表明：10~22℃活动积温、4—10月日照时数、稳定通过22℃持续日数、4—10月降水量为影响种植湖南双季杂交稻主导气候因子。并进一步通过得到的主导气候因子,采用MaxEnt模型再次进行湖南双季杂交水稻适宜种植性分区,将湖南省双季稻制种植分布划分为：最适宜区、适宜区、低适宜区和不适宜区。本研究的主要目的是在省级层面上利用MaxEnt模型筛选影响湖南水稻种植主导气象因子,并对湖南水稻适宜性种植分布做了不同等级划分,为优化湖南双季杂交稻生产布局、改进种植制度和确保粮食生产安全提供了一定气象参考依据。     

The genus Dasypyrum—part 2. Dasypyrum villosum—a wild species used in wheat improvement

Dasypyrum villosum (L.) P. Candargy is discussed as a species commonly used in wheat improvement. Chromosomal localization of the potentially useful traits and chromosomal position of some morphological and isozyme markes are shown. The investigations using molecular RAPD, AFLP, SSR, RFLP markers and in situ (GISH, FISH) hybridization experiments on D. villosum itself and in wide hybrids with Triticum are summarized. The article also presents the information about designation of D. villosum chromosomes and the current knowledge on the phenomenon of two-coloured D. villosum caryopses.     

Development of a sequence-specific PCR marker linked to the Ku gene which removes the vernalization requirement in narrow-leafed lupin

Wild types of Lupinus angustifolius require vernalization to promote flowering. Modern domesticated cultivars carry the early-flowering gene Ku which removes this requirement. A microsatellite-anchored fragment length polymorphism marker was identified as co-segregating with the Ku gene in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a domesticated × wild-type cross. DNA sequencing showed that the marker contained a 7 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism, as well as a single nucleotide polymorphism. A pair of sequence-specific primers was designed and successfully converted the size polymorphism into a simple polymerase chain reaction based co-dominant marker. This marker is closely linked to the Ku gene, as it co-segregates with the Ku phenotyping in a population consisting of 106 RILs.