元宝枫种仁蛋白强化面包加工技术的研究

对元宝枫种仁蛋白强化面包的加工方法和工艺参数进行了研究。结果表明:加工出的面包蛋白质含量比对照鲜重提高了49.3%,干重提高了73.9%;其感官指标和理化指标均优于我国面包质量。     

半胱胺对银狐饲料消化能力的影响

为研究半胱胺对银狐饲料消化能力的影响,选用2月龄左右、健康银黑仔狐共106只(53♂ 53♀)。随机分96只(48♂ 48♀)为试验组,10只(5♂ 5♀)为对照组。采用复因子试验设计中的析因试验设计,为二因子有重复的试验设计,一个因子为半胱胺的不同添加剂量,另一个因子为半胱胺的不同添加间隔时间,在每间隔3、5、7和9 d分别按每千克体重添加40、70和100 mg的半胱胺。分别测定了干物质采食量、干物质表观消化率和粗蛋白质表观消化率,为消除不同间隔时间对消化试验的影响,正式试验进行12 d(从2004年8月18日~29日),结果发现每间隔5 d按70 mg/kg体重浓度添加1次半胱胺效果最好,它可使银狐干物质和粗蛋白质表观消化率分别比对照组提高16.19%(P<0.01)和15.97%(P<0.01);试验组银狐干物质采食量比对照组低,其中70 mg/kg体重5 d组可比对照组银狐干物质采食量降低4.65%(P<0.01)。     

Assessing the impact of hydropower and fisheries on downstream migrating silver eel, Anguilla anguilla, by telemetry in the River Meuse

Abstract –  European eel Anguilla anguilla is in strong decline. We assessed the relative impact of fisheries and hydropower during the downstream migration of silver eel in the River Meuse in the Netherlands using radio-telemetry. For this, 16 fixed detection stations (Nedap Trail-System^®) were used, each covering the entire river width, including all outlets to sea, and two covering the entrances of the two hydropower stations present. In September 2002, 150 silver eels were surgically implanted with Nedap-transponders and released at the catch site. Of these, 121 started to migrate downstream of which 37% successfully reached the North Sea. Hydropower mortality was at least 9% and assessed to be 16–26%. Fisheries mortality was at least 16% (reported recaptures) and estimated to be 22–26%. A clear difference was found in passage behaviour at hydropower stations, where 40% showed recurrence, in contrast to the river stations where this hardly occurred, indicating a hesitation to pass the turbines. Also a difference was found in diurnal pattern; 63% of the eels that passed through the turbines did so during the first 5 h of the night, whereas for the stations on free-flowing sections this was only 35%.     

加工型白皮洋葱引种栽培示范及效益分析

引进山东的白皮洋葱新品种"白B2006",采用露地直播、育苗移栽及大田验证试验,对其产量、品质及经济效益进行分析。结果表明:栽植密度为3.0~3.5万株/667m2,产量可达2 400~3 500 kg,鳞茎干物质含量21.34%,粗蛋白含量0.88%,可溶性糖含量12.40%,VC含量10.26 mg/100g;干物质含量高于山东产地的同品种4~9个百分点。"白B2006"洋葱表皮洁白,风味纯正,适宜脱水加工,经济效益显著,可在柴达木盆地德令哈市推广种植。     

Improvement of Betula pendula by clonal and progeny testing of phenotypically selected trees

Abstract

Field tests, each including 39–83 Swedish plus-tree clones of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) planted on 10 different sites in the southern part of Sweden, were evaluated at up to 10 years of age. The main conclusions can be summarized as follows. Growth traits were mostly under strong genetic influence, and showed substantial genetic variation and high potential genetic gain. Survival did not seem to be a trait of genetic importance. The genetic correlation between growth and growth cessation was weak, suggesting that it should be possible to find clones combining high growth and early autumn growth. Non-significant transfer effects for clones of different origin and weak G×E interaction were found, indicating that southern Sweden can be treated as a single utilization zone and that few sites are needed for genetic tests. Strong genetic age×age correlations were detected, suggesting that short test periods could be used.     

鲢细菌性败血症病原的研究

从患细菌性败血症的鲢肝脏中分离到一菌株，编号青１－２－３。通过代感染试验，发病症状与自然病鱼基本一致，对致病菌株进行细菌学鉴定为嗜水气单胞菌。青１－２－３的生化表型不同于银鲫病原，为致病性嗜水气单胞菌的不同菌株。     

Excavator-based processor operator productivity and cost analysis in Zululand,South Africa

Operator impact on productivity and cost using similar processor machines was addressed in this case study. The study had two objectives: (1) determine the extent of operator productivity variation between six processor operators in a harvesting operation; and (2) determine potential cost implications associated with operator productivity variation. The study was carried out on the Zululand coastal plains near Kwambonambi. A multistem mechanised harvesting system, working in Eucalyptus grandis × camaldulensis pulpwood stands (with an average rotation length of seven years) was observed. The operators had all been operating their respective processors for 18 months; i.e. since the inception of the harvesting operation and had received similar in-house training. Time studies were carried out on the processors’ cycle times, and note taken of the respective operators working the machines during the time studies. Cycle time for each machine was measured as the time between a delimbed and debarked tree length leaving the processor head and the following tree length leaving the head. The required number of observations per processor was determined by cycle time and work element time variation. It was found that operators varied by up to 58% in terms of productivity, 24% in terms of utilisation and 70% in terms of cost. The potential difference in cost between using the cheapest operator and the most expensive operator was R9.34 m^?3, R4 438 d^?1 and R1 384 752 y^?1.     

贵阳市红枫湖鲢、鳙鱼年龄结构及生长研究

2010年9～11月,对红枫湖鲢、鳙进行调查、取样分析。结果显示,红枫湖的鲢、鳙均由1～4龄组成,其中以2龄为主。鲢、鳙体长与龄径的线性函数分别为:L鲢=13.28×R+6.54、L鳙=13.94×R+6.95;鲢、鳙体长与体重拟合的幂函数公式分别为:W鲢=0.0275×L2.885、W鳙=0.0442×L2.695;鲢的体长、体重Von Bertalanffy生长方程为:Lt=80.60[1-e-0.1317(t+0.6899)]、Wt=8703.24[1-e-0.1317(t+0.6899)]2.885,鳙的体长、体重Von Bertalanffy生长方程为:Lt=96.60[1-e-0.1317(t+0.40784)]、Wt=9884.07[1-e-0.1317(t+0.40784)]2.693。     

银羽王鸽早期生长规律及生长曲线拟合的分析

试验随机选取银羽王鸽120只,测定从初生到4周龄的银羽王鸽早期生长发育情况,并对其进行了分析。运用Logistic、Gompertz、von Bertalanffy 3种生长曲线模型拟合其生长曲线,并对拟合结果进行比较分析。结果发现,von Bertalanffy模型能更好地拟合银羽王鸽的生长曲线(R2=0.9996)。     

恩诺沙星在异育银鲫体内的组织分布及消除规律

在24～26℃水温条件下,以10 mg.kg-1剂量,用高效液相色谱法检测组织中药物浓度,研究静脉注射和口服给药后恩诺沙星在健康异育银鲫组织内的代谢分布规律。结果表明:静脉注射后,药物在组织中代谢动力学特征符合二室模型;口服给药后,药物吸收良好,生物利用度(F)为86%,组织药物浓度-时间曲线呈现双峰,推测是由于药物在异育银鲫体内的肠肝循环作用所致。静脉注射和口服两种给药方式下,恩诺沙星在异育银鲫体内均具有良好的组织分布,肾脏、肌肉、肝胰脏、鳃和血液5种组织中的药物浓度时间曲线下总面积(AUC)分别为624.2、965.9、721.8、298.0、239.6μg·h·mL-1和465.3、343.1、542.9、411.4、205.9μg·h·mL-1,最大药物浓度(Cmax)分别为33.48、16.91、26.44、18.71μg.g-1和15.30μg·mL-1,9.20、5.39、7.78、6.88μg.g-1和4.50μg·mL-1;药物在各组织中消除时间较长,消除半衰期(T1/2β)分别为169.0、141.4、113.4、36.7、63.5 h和27.3、49.2、77.0、38.5、62.7 h。结论:恩诺沙星以10 mg.kg-1剂量单次口服给药,对细菌引起的异育银鲫病可以起到较好的治疗作用,但需注意药物残留问题。