Fate of heavy metals in a strongly acidic shooting‐range soil: small‐scale metal distribution and its relation to preferential water flow

To assess the mobility of Pb and associated metals in a highly contaminated shooting range soil (Losone, Ticino, Switzerland), we investigated the spatial distribution of the metals and their relation to preferential water flow paths. A 2.2 m² plot located 40 m behind the stop butt was irrigated with a solution containing bromide and Brilliant Blue, a slightly sorbing dye. A soil profile 50 cm in width was sampled down to 80 cm with a spatial resolution of 2.5 cm, resulting in 626 samples. Concentrations of elements (12 ≤ Z ≤ 92) were determined by energy‐dispersive Xray fluorescence spectrometry, and Brilliant Blue concentrations were determined with a chromameter. In the acidic (pH 3), organic matter‐rich, well drained Dystric Cambisol, maximum concentrations of 80.9 g kg^‐1 Pb, 4.0 g kg^‐1 Sb, and 0.55 g kg^‐1 Cu were measured in the topsoil. Within 40 cm soil depth, however, Pb, Sb, and Cu approached background concentrations of 23 mg kg^‐1, 0.4 mg kg^‐1, and 9.4 mg kg^‐1, respectively. The even horizontal distribution and the steep gradient along soil depth indicate tight metal binding in the topsoil, and a fairly homogeneous transport front. In contrast, water flow through the profile was highly heterogeneous. In the uppermost 20 cm, preferential flow was initiated by heterogeneous infiltration at the soil surface, but had no influence on metal distribution. Below 20 cm, however, preferential flow originated from larger tree roots, and metal concentrations were significantly elevated along these macropores. Spatial distributions of Pb, Sb, and Cu were similar, suggesting that all three metals are strongly retained in the topsoil and transported along preferential water flow paths in the subsoil.     

四季竹栽培管理和笋期调控技术

通过对四季竹的栽培试验表明,四季竹笋期为5~ 10月,但笋期主要集中在6月,采取肥培调控管理技术措施,即在10月以后深翻松土和施肥,7月下旬以前对林地采取不培育、不松土、不追肥、不浇水等措施,抑制笋芽萌发,推迟笋期,可提高其经济效益.     

麻竹高产最佳母竹结构研究

分析研究不同竹丛结构的相对生长速率、出笋数、退笋数、出笋数，退笋数、相对生长速率和笋重的规律，结果表明，1类竹丛是最佳的竹丛结构类型。     

浅议农药危险性的管理

本文讨论了农药的危险性管理随着管理制度不同而不同．且取决于其暴露途径和机会,建议不要重复管理,尽快与国际接轨,完善我国相关技术标准,提高测试水平。     

科学谋划彭阳县水利新蓝图

2012年是抢抓机遇实现水利跨越式发展的一个新的春天。水利前期工作将全面贯彻落实"中央1号"文件精神,建设生态、宜居、富裕、诚信、和谐"五个彭阳"的奋斗目标。     

湖北省农产品品牌建设的SWOT分析

针对湖北省农产品品牌建设的现状和特点,采用优势、劣势、机会、威胁(SWOT)分析方法分析了湖北省农产品品牌建设的优势与劣势、机会与威胁,并结合湖北省的实际情况对农产品品牌建设提出了相关建议.     

Linux进程调度策略的分析

描述了Linux的进程调度的过程,Linux采用时间片轮转和可剥夺调度优先级相结合的调度策略,它把进程分成两类:实时进程和非实时进程。实时进程总是在非实时进程之前运行。     

基于Exynos嵌入式的精密播种机自动射种装置的研究

为了提高田间播种效率和质量,满足农业现代化的精密播种需求,首先分析了精密播种机的结构及自动射种装置原理,然后基于Exynos嵌入式处理器,设计和实现了射种过程的自动控制。试验表明:基于Exynos嵌入式的精密播种机自动射种装置排种检测精确度、播深精准度及株距精准度均较高,能够满足设计要求。     

基于篮球投篮命中率的精量播种装置系统的设计开发

在农业大规模生产方式中,已改变了传统种植技术,部分采用穴盘移栽技术进行种植。穴盘移栽是通过在穴盘中播种种子,待植物幼苗长到一定程度后将其移栽至土中,需要在穴盘中投放定量的种子,要求一定的准确率,以确保种子准确投放进穴盘中,再进行覆土。将种子放进穴盘的工作可以采用机械化生产,该工作使用的设备为精量播种装置,该装置可以保证种子投放进穴盘中,也可保证每个穴盘中种子的数量。篮球投篮命中率的高低是评价球员技术的重要指标,而球员要有高的命中率就需要不断的练习,调整自己投篮的力度、角度等因素。为此,基于篮球命中率,设计了一种气吸滚筒式精量播种装置,由滚筒、气吸泵、落种机构及覆土装置等组成,可实现精量播种且伤种率低,播种合格率满足种植需求。     

版纳甜龙竹笋早发多发技术措施试验

对云南省勐海县竹类科技园的版纳甜龙竹笋用林进行4因素3水平正交试验L9(34),即施肥、晒塘、覆盖、断顶4种处理,每种处理3个水平。结果表明,施肥可明显提高竹笋总产量,达到极显著差异;晒塘、覆盖和断顶都能明显提高提前发笋产量,达到显著或极显著差异;施肥、晒塘和覆盖都能提高经济效益,而断顶对提高经济效益没有达到显著差异。版纳甜龙竹笋早发多发技术措施最优组合为在春节后对竹篼晒塘30天,原表土恢复后,再用砻糠覆盖20cm厚,在10中旬施底肥(农家肥),3月中旬施第一次追肥(尿素+复合肥),6月中旬施第二次追肥(尿素+复合肥),能明显提高其发笋总产量、提前发笋产量和经济效益。