Aortic expression of HSP22, TNF-α and eNOS in rats with hyperlipidemia and effects of atorvastatin

AIM:To establish a rat hyperlipidemia model for studying the aortic expression of heat shock protein 22 (HSP22), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the effect of atorvastatin intervention. METHODS:Hyperlipidemia model was established in SD rats. Afterwards, the rats were divided into normal control group, high fat group and high fat+atorvastatin intervention group. The expression of HSP22 and TNF-α in the rat aortas was detected by immunohistochemical assay and the expression of eNOS was assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS:No detectable expression of HSP22 and TNF-α in the normal control group was observed. However, the expression of HSP22 and TNF-α was positive in the high fat group and the atorvastatin intervention group. The mean densities of HSP22 and TNF-α positive particles were significant lower in the atorvastatin intervention group as compared with high fat group (both P＜0.05). The expression of eNOS protein in the high fat group and atorvastatin intervention group was significantly lower than that in normal control group (P<0.01). However, no marked difference of eNOS protein expression between high fat group and atorvastatins intervention group was observed. CONCLUSION: The expression of HSP22 and TNF-α in the rat aortas is increased in the hyperlipidemia rat model. This effect can be restored by atorvastatin treatment. The expression of eNOS in the rat aortas is decreased in the hyperlipidemia rat model, but this tendency could not be attenuated by atorvastatin.     

Study on Hsp90 Expression in Different Tissues and Its Antibody in Serum of Chickens Infected with Marek’s Diseases

To investigate the dynamic change of heat shock protein 90 （Hsp90） in the genesis and development of tumor, we successfully established tumor animal model using Marek’s disease and then determined the location of Hsp90 in the tumor tissue using immunohistochemistry method, the antibody titer level of Hsp90 in the serum and the expression level in the tissue using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） method. Our result showed that Hsp90 location in the tumor tissue was signiifcantly associated with the tumor cell and most in the cytoplasm of the tumor cell, and Hsp90 expression level in the tissue and the antibody titer level in the serum was most signiifcantly increased with the development of tumor. This is the ifrst report to show the presence of Hsp90 in tumor tissues induced by the Marek’s disease, with its expression correlated to the tumoral grading. These data may also be valuable for developing new molecular anti-cancer therapies.     

大鲵热应激同源蛋白70基因cDNA克隆及表达分析

结合同源克隆和RACE技术克隆大鲵热应激同源蛋白70基因(hsc70)cDNA序列全长,通过半定量PCR方法分析其在大鲵肾脏、脑、肺、皮肤、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、心脏、肌肉和垂体组织的表达特点。结果表明:大鲵hsc70基因cDNA全长为2 284 bp(GenBank登录号为HM998289),其中3′端和5′端非翻译区分别为87 bp(1~87)和253 bp(2 032~2 284),中间序列即编码区长为1 944 bp(88~2 031),编码647个氨基酸(AA);其核苷酸序列与其他物种相似性最高达83.5%,而编码的氨基酸序列则相对保守,与钝口螈的相似性达94%;根据其编码的AA序列构建进化树,结果大鲵hsc70首先与两栖类物种聚为一类,不同来源的hsc70基因与分类地位相似的物种分别聚类;半定量PCR结果表明,hsc70基因在大鲵的10种组织中都以较高的水平表达,但存在组织差异,在肾脏、脑、肺、皮肤、肝脏、胃、脾脏中表达量相对较高,在心脏中表达量次之,在肌肉和垂体中表达较低。     

基于转录组测序的苦瓜热激蛋白相关基因分析

为获得苦瓜叶片高温胁迫状态下表达的相关基因,本研究以高温胁迫下苦瓜叶片为实验材料,采用Illumina HiSeq 2500高通量测序技术对正常温度(26℃)和高温胁迫(38℃)下苦瓜叶片转录测序后进行组装,再利用KEGG、Pfam、Swiss-Prot和NR数据库平台对热激蛋白的相关功能基因筛选,共获得24个热激蛋白相关基因,包括得20个热激蛋白基因、2个位于叶绿体中的小热激蛋白以及2个热激转录因子。聚类分析研究表明,涉及到热激蛋白相关的20个Unigene广泛分布于3大类中,其中c42567和c43094这两个亲缘关系最近;两个小热激蛋白c42963和c12133的亲缘关系次之;c35683和c3040两个热激转录因子亲缘关系最远。通过本次研究中获取的24个热激蛋白相关Unigene信息,有助于深入研究苦瓜耐高温胁迫机理等提供数据信息。     

苹果Hsf家族成员的序列特征、表达与进化分析

为全面了解苹果基因组中热激转录因子(Hsf)的序列特征及进化,采用生物信息学手段,在苹果全基因组水平上鉴定出50个MdHsf基因,并对其系统发育关系、序列特征、表达情况以及选择压力进行详细分析。系统发育与序列分析显示:与拟南芥和水稻相似,50个MdHsf基因可分为A、B、C 3个亚族;2个或多个MdHsf基因位于同一个末端进化支,说明该基因家族在苹果中发生了物种特异性扩增;尽管MdHsf基因的内含子数目和长度变异较大,但其蛋白的保守基序和功能结构域具有较高的保守性,这可能与功能约束有关。基于EST数目,可推知:除了MdHsfA2a和MdHsfA3a/b/c等14个基因没有相应的EST外,其余72%的基因都有转录活性。选择压力检测和结构建模分析显示:在36个MdHsf蛋白的选择压力检测中,位点模型未鉴定到正选择位点的存在;而在显著水平下(P0.05),分支-位点模型在d和e进化分支上,共检测到5个正选择位点,它们是28R、30L、35D、51M、67V,其中28R和30L位于Hsf结构域中,35D、51M和67V位于Hsf结构域之外,这说明除了MdHsfA4d/e和MdHsf C1a/b发生快速进化外,其他成员受控于纯净选择,具有高度保守性。综合以上研究结果,苹果基因组中存在多种热激转录因子,其蛋白的保守基序和功能结构域具有较高保守性,大多具有转录活性,在进化上该家族受纯净选择主导。     

Estrogen treatment enhances mesenteric lymphatic contractility in rats after hemorrhagic shock

AIM To investigate the effects of 17β-estradiol （E2） treatment on the mesenteric lymphatic microcirculation and isolated lymphatic contractility in rats after hemorrhagic shock, and to explore the relationship between contractility and the difference between intra- and extracellular calcium ion concentrations （［Ca²⁺］） of lymphatic smooth muscle cells （LSMCs）. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into sham group, shock group and shock+E2 group. The rats were subjected to hemorrhage ［（40±2） mmHg for 90 min］ and resuscitation with or without subcutaneous injection of E2 （2 mg/kg）. After resuscitation for 3 h, the mesenteric lymphatic microcirculation in vivo was observed. Moreover, the isolated mesenteric microlymphatic rings were prepared for the observations of lymphatic contractility evaluated by the indexes including end-systolic diameter, end-diastolic diameter, contraction frequency （CF） and passive diameter. Meanwhile, the difference between intra- and extracellular ［Ca²⁺］ of LSMCs was recorded during lymphatic contraction. RESULTS Treatment with E2 significantly enhanced the CF, total contractile fraction and lymphatic dynamics index in vivo in the rats after hemorrhagic shock, and increased the CF, the fractional pump flow and the difference between intra- and extracellular ［Ca²⁺］ of LSMCs in isolated lymphatics from the shocked rats （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Estrogen treatment enhances lymphatic contractility in rats after hemorrhagic shock, which is related to enhancement of difference between intra- and extracellular ［Ca²⁺］ of LSMCs.     

差速水稻钵苗Z字形宽窄行移栽机构设计

针对水稻钵苗宽窄行Z字形移栽农艺要求,提出了一种差速式水稻钵苗Z字形宽窄行移栽机构,利用差速轮系的不等速传动和空间传动,以空间轨迹实现水稻钵苗Z字形宽窄行移栽.将非均匀B样条曲线理论应用于非圆齿轮节曲线的拟合,并采用坐标变换方法建立了机构齿轮箱轮系的数学模型.将水稻钵苗Z字形宽窄行移栽的轨迹和姿态要求参数化为9个具体的运动学优化目标,编写了基于机构数学模型的可视化参数优化界面,利用该软件界面分析了传动箱非圆齿轮节曲线和齿轮箱非圆齿轮节曲线对轨迹形状的影响,以及斜齿轮螺旋角和取秧夹片长度与轨迹偏移量的关系.通过优化得到取秧段偏移量为3.9mm,取秧段轨迹有效长度为45.6mm,移栽机构离地高度为32.6mm,夹片离从动非圆齿轮牙嵌轴距离6.7mm的大环扣式移栽轨迹.完成了移栽机构的虚拟仿真与样机试制,利用自制试验台架、工业相机和图像处理软件对机构移栽臂运动轨迹和姿态进了分析,结果与理论数据吻合,验证了移栽机构方案的可行性和结构的合理性.