甲鱼“红脖子病”的研究

对某甲鱼养殖场1987年2～6月流行的甲鱼“红脖子病”进行了流行病学、临床,病理学、病原学、血清学等项检查,证明该病是由嗜水气单胞菌嗜水亚种所引起,故命名为甲鱼嗜水气单胞菌感染。     

Ocular morphology of the Leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)

Objective The Leatherback sea turtle is the largest extant reptile and the sole member of the family Dermochelyidae. Here, the eye of this critically endangered marine turtle was investigated to determine the anatomy, optics, and optical sensitivity. Animals studied Three Leatherback sea turtles, Dermochelys coriacea. Results The eye is small in proportion to body size of the adult compared to other vertebrates, with prominence of the retractor bulbi and pyramidalis muscles. The nictitans shows extensive folding of the bulbar conjunctiva as an apparent mechanism to increase the surface area for mucus secretion. The intraocular anatomy is consistent with an eye adapted to aquatic vision with minimal curvature of the cornea, a near‐spherical lens, deep ciliary cleft and highly vascularized ciliary body. The optical sensitivity, a measure of the sensitivity to light of a given optical system, is higher than in other marine turtles studied but lower than those found in teleost fish that share a habitat with the Leatherback sea turtle. Conclusions The Leatherback sea turtle shows ocular features that are characteristic of Chelonians with similarities to aquatic mammals. The calculated optical sensitivity suggests that compared to pelagic fishes, for instance, the Leatherback sea turtle eye is not particularly well adapted for vision in dim light even though this species is known to venture into deep, dark waters, and might feed at night.     

Non-governmental Organizations and Government Agencies Lead in Cultivating Positive Sea Turtle Conservation Attitudes

Considerable research has been conducted analyzing how demographic characteristics influence the public’s attitudes toward wildlife; however, less research of this type has been conducted in locations having long-standing species conservation efforts. Questionnaires were completed by residents living adjacent to such a location, the Archie Carr National Wildlife Refuge (ACNWR), to investigate which demographics explained residents’ knowledge of, attitudes toward, willingness to act for, and participation in sea turtle conservation. Residents who had a non-governmental organization (NGO) or government agency as their sea turtle information source had stronger positive attitudes toward sea turtles. Residents who possessed strong positive attitudes were more willing to engage in pro–sea turtle conservation behaviors. Overall, this research demonstrated that ACNWR residents’ source of sea turtle information being an NGO or government agency played a significant role in increasing residents’ knowledge of, attitudes toward, willingness to volunteer for, and participation in sea turtle conservation.     

中国龟类动物遗传多样性的研究进展

龟类动物是中国水产养殖业的重要组成部分.对中国龟类动物的种类进行了概述,结合目前的研究成果,从遗传多样性的个体、细胞、分子水平上进行了全面介绍.     

稻田鳖·鱼·虾混养技术研究

[目的]研究稻田鳖、鱼、虾混养技术模式,克服高密度单养造成生态环境恶化、疾病频发、风味下降等问题。[方法]选择3块水源、排灌设施等条件良好的稻田作为试验田,进行鳖、鱼、虾混养试验,分析其经济效益与生态效益。[结果]经过10个月饲养,共收获商品鳖6 904.3 kg、商品虾1 428 kg、商品鱼3 744 kg、收割稻谷24 625 kg,其中日本鳖、青虾饵料系数分别为1.8、1.6,实现总产值81.3万元,纯利润43.2万元,平均利润127 065元/hm2,投入产出比1∶2.13。[结论]该混养模式经济、生态效益显著,值得在安徽省大面积推广应用。     

花粉SR萃取脱壁法的机理及其应用前景的探讨

本文阐述了花粉ＳＲ萃取脱壁法的工作原理,根据这一原理对这一方法的机理进行了深入探讨,并对此法的安全性、可靠性、工艺性作了综合评价。由此认为,这一方法可广泛应用于食品、化妆品、药品、酒类等行业中的花粉的前处理工艺。     

全球海龟资源和保护概况

世界现存海龟仅2科6属7种,都属国际濒危物种。生物界很难找到像海龟—类受到众多世人强烈关注的动物了,国际上亦十分重视海龟的保护工作,不仅专门成立了海龟专家小组(MTSG),制定了许多国际公约,定期出版《海龟通讯》(MTN)等期刊,还成立了一些影响力广泛的国际组织,并经常召开一些与海龟保护相关的国际会议,掀起了全球范围的拯救海龟大行动。本研究概述了海龟资源现状、致危因素、国际保护措施及成果。近年来全球海龟资源总量呈直线下降趋势,海龟面临的主要生存威胁有:渔业副获、直接捕食、沿海经济发展、环境污染与疾病、全球变暖等。最后,简要介绍了海龟重要的经济、科研、观赏、文化和生态价值,并呼吁全人类共同保护海龟。     

凉血解毒散对鳖红脖子病的临床治疗

鳖的红脖子病是由嗜水气单胞菌引起的一种急性传染病 .本试验运用中医学理论对其进行辨证施治 ,组方凉血解毒散应用于预防和临床治疗 ,获得了很好的治疗效果 .证明该方与抗菌素一样能有效地防治鳖的红脖子病 .并通过抑菌试验 ,验证了本方对嗜水气单胞菌有抑制作用