初乳清粉的货架期预测和贮藏稳定性

为了掌握初乳清粉的贮藏特性,采用货架期预测方程来估计初乳清粉在室温(25℃)、50％相对湿度(RH)条件下PET包装的货架期,并对90d贮藏期过程中其理化指标以及生化指标的变化进行研究.研究结果表明:在PET包装90d贮藏时间内,初乳清粉的水分含量、硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)值和羟甲基糠醛(HMF)含量均随贮藏时间的延长而显著增加(P＜0.05),色差随贮藏时间的延长有所波动,但总体呈现上升趋势,而免疫球蛋白(IgG)的含量在60d内逐渐降低,60d后其下降不显著;在25℃、50％ RH条件下PET包装的初乳清粉的货架期为99.40d.     

Effects of carvedilol treatment in dogs with chronic mitral valvular disease

BACKGROUND: Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system occurs during the development of heart failure in dogs with chronic mitral valvular disease (CMVD). HYPOTHESIS: The use of beta-blockers to modulate the activation of the sympathetic nervous system would be useful in dogs with CMVD. ANIMALS: Group A included 13 dogs who received the conventional treatment (digoxin, benazepril, a reduced sodium diet, and codeine, and a diuretic when indicated), and group B included 12 dogs who received the protocol above plus carvedilol (0.3 mg/kg q12h). METHODS: Blinded, placebo, controlled study. RESULTS: The main echodopplercardiographic variables, heart rate, biochemical data, functional classification (FC) (New York Heart Association) and quality of life score (functional evaluation of cardiac health questionnaire) were assessed at baseline (TO) and after 3 months (T1). Only group B showed improvement in score of quality of life (13.8 +/- 8.8 versus 6.0 +/- 6.3; P < .001), in FC (2.4 - 0.9 versus 1.8 +/- 0.7; P = .032) and a reduction in systolic blood pressure (151.2 +/- 18.3 versus 124.5 +/- 23.4; P = .021). Two deaths from group A and 1 from B were related to CMVD. CONCLUSION: The studied dose of carvedilol in this group did not improve the sympathetic activation and echocardiographic variables over 3 months of chronic oral treatment. However, the results suggested a beneficial effect on the quality of life score, functional classification, and a reduction on systolic blood pressure.     

超低温（LN2,—196℃）贮存牧草种子初探

在牧草种子的贮存过程中，最重要且最难于解决的问题就是克服所贮存种子的生理衰变。超低温技术（LN2，于－196℃条件）可以将种子内部新陈代谢降低到一个很低的水平，使所有的生化过程处于“停顿”状态，这样便可以大大延长种子的贮存寿命。本实验将9种在常规条件下难于保持活力的牧草种子放入液氮中贮存一年，解冻后测定贮存种子的发芽率、发芽指数、电导率、呼吸强度及ATP含量情况。结果表明，禾本科、豆科、藜科牧草种子属于液氮耐受类型，特别是短命种子驼绒藜与木地肤对液氮贮存表现特别适应。     

人工饲粮对幼年工蜂生长发育及生理代谢的影响

本试验利用液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS)对幼年工蜂进行代谢组学分析,旨在探究不同人工饲粮对幼年工蜂生长发育及生理代谢的影响,为蜂王邮寄的人工饲粮配制提供一定理论依据.试验选取1日龄的意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)300只,分为5组,分别饲喂5种人工饲粮,每组30只工蜂.对照组饲粮:...     

Influence of organic amendments on dissipation kinetics of two different pesticides in soil: a case study

A study was undertaken to investigate the remedial effect of some soil amendments (farmyard manure (FYM), press mud compost (PMC), cereal straw (CS) at 5 t ha^?1 and fresh cow dung slurry (FCD) @ 0.5 t ha^?1) on dissipation kinetics of imidacloprid and sulfosulfuron under laboratory conditions. Incorporation of CS or FCD was found to be most effective in degrading both the pesticides at faster rates. Dissipation of both the pesticides could be well accounted by two component (1 + 1) first order kinetics. The computed values of parameters revealed that use of organic amendments increased the dissipated fraction of imidacloprid and sulfosulfuron. Incorporation of CS or FCD in soil maintained relatively higher dissipation rate constants for both faster and slower dissipation processes of pesticides in comparison to control. Hence, eco-friendly practices of CS or FCD incorporation as soil amendment in soil can play a vital role in preventing soil and water pollution.     

苎麻蝙蛾发生规律的研究

苎麻蝙蛾（Phassus jianglingensis Zeng et Zhao）是近几年来严重为害苎麻蔸部的一种新害虫。它以幼虫蛀食苎麻地下茎,形成隧道,严重影响地上部分的生长;研究表明该虫在湖南年发生一代,以幼虫在地下茎的隧道中越冬;翌年4月中旬化蛹,蛹期25天左右;5月上旬羽化,成虫寿命6-10天,无趋光性,白天停歇,晚间也很少活动,无需补充营养。6月上中旬出现新一代幼虫,幼虫期可长达320天,有相互残杀的习性。     

论苏轼的茶意人生

北宋文学家苏轼宦海沉浮、命运多舛,颠沛流离中留下海量文献。挖掘梳理其茶诗词资源不难发现,苏轼一生与茶为伴,对茶有着独特体悟,以茶安命,是他的生存智慧。他品茶、种茶、斗茶、写茶,表现非凡茶意人生,是中国茶艺术之魂和中国茶文化推动者。     

褐飞虱在华中地区不同主栽水稻品种上的生活史和种群动态

为明确褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens对华中地区不同主栽水稻品种的适合度,利用两性生命表分析华中地区的5个主栽水稻品种C两优、岳优、深两优、华两优和红良优对褐飞虱生活史参数的影响,并模拟取食5个水稻品种后褐飞虱的种群动态。结果表明:不同水稻品种对褐飞虱的生长发育和繁殖存在显著影响,取食华两优和红良优的褐飞虱雌成虫寿命分别为10.73 d和11.43 d,显著短于取食C两优(14.71 d)、岳优(15.34 d)和深两优(14.52 d)时;取食红良优的褐飞虱雌成虫产卵量为108.30粒,较取食C两优(237.90粒)、岳优(218.40粒)和深两优(179.60粒)显著减少。褐飞虱取食红良优后,其种群净增殖率和世代周期均显著低于取食C两优和岳优时;而其种群内禀增长率和周限增长率均显著低于取食岳优时。表明华中地区5个主栽水稻品种中红良优可显著降低褐飞虱的繁殖力和种群参数,褐飞虱对红良优的适合度最低,可作为华中地区主栽水稻来防控褐飞虱。     

不同间伐强度下辽东栎种群结构特征与空间分布格局

种群结构是植物种群的重要属性,反映种群个体在空间上的组配方式和发展趋势;种群分布格局是指种群个体在水平空间的配置状况或分布状态,反映种群个体在水平空间上彼此间的相互关系(蒋     

肉桂精油对辣椒疫霉菌的生物活性

为了研究肉桂精油对辣椒疫霉菌Phytophthora capsici的生物活性,离体条件下测定了肉桂精油对辣椒疫霉菌各个生长发育阶段的影响;观察了处理后供试菌菌丝形态结构的变化;测定了对菌丝体细胞膜通透性的影响;盆栽试验测定了药剂对辣椒疫病的防治效果。结果表明,肉桂精油对辣椒疫霉菌菌丝生长的有效中浓度（EC₅₀）为111.89 mg/L;对病菌孢子囊产生的EC₅₀为61.09 mg/L;对孢子囊萌发的EC₅₀为95.14 mg/L;对游动孢子萌发的EC₅₀为54.88 mg/L。肉桂精油可显著降低辣椒疫霉菌菌丝的鲜重和干重,并使菌丝分支增多、变短;亦能提高该菌的细胞膜通透性。盆栽试验表明,肉桂精油对辣椒疫病具有很好的保护和治疗作用。可见,肉桂精油对辣椒疫霉菌具有明显的抑制作用,在防治辣椒疫病上具有较大的应用潜力。