蜱传性疾病--莱姆病螺旋体研究进展

莱姆病是一种蜱传性人兽共患病,在我国北方各省广泛流行,其病原体为伯氏疏螺旋体。莱姆病可使皮肤、心脏、关节和神经系统等多种组织器官受损。本文综述了莱姆病螺旋体的形态、种下分类、生化特征、传播媒介和贮存宿主等方面的研究进展"     

Intramedullary Intervertebral Disk Extrusion in a Cat

Intervertebral disk extrusion is rarely reported in the cat. In this case, the clinical, radiologic, and magnetic resonance imaging findings of an acute intramedullary intervertebral disk extrusion in a 5-year-old domestic shorthaired cat are described. Radiographically, there was mineralized disk material within the vertebral canal. On magnetic resonance images, the disk material was found to be within the spinal cord. A linear disk trail extending from the disk space into the spinal cord may be specific for intramedullary disk extrusion.     

Viral diseases of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus)

The ostrich is an important animal in many livestock industries. A significant threat to this industry is losses from diseases. Newcastle disease is a notifiable, highly contagious viral infection of ostriches. Avian influenza may be transmitted from waterfowl, shorebirds and gulls to ostriches. Borna disease virus is a viral neurotropic infection spread mainly by rodents and felines. Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever is a viral disease transmitted by Hyalomma ticks to humans. Avipoxvirus afflicts ostrich chicks and is transmitted by mosquitoes or by direct contact with a pox lesion. Maintenance of a healthy and profitable enterprise requires the implementation, with assistance from the local veterinary authority, of comprehensive, practical and effective methods of health management and preventative medicine.     

Association of hyponatremia and hyperglycemia with outcome in dogs with congestive heart failure

Objective: To evaluate plasma sodium and glucose concentrations in dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF) prior to treatment and evaluate the differences between survivors and non‐survivors. Design: Retrospective study. Animals: Fifty‐nine dogs with CHF prior to receiving cardiac medication. Interventions: None. Measurements and main results: The mean plasma sodium concentration in dogs with CHF was below the reference range (144–156 mmol/L) and significantly lower (P=0.009) in non‐survivors (141±6 mmol/L) compared with survivors (147±4 mmol/L). The mean plasma glucose concentration was above the reference range (76–117 mg/dL) and significantly higher (P=0.004) in non‐survivors (128±52 mg/dL) compared with survivors (100±13 mg/dL). Forty‐four percent of non‐survivors had concurrent low plasma sodium and high plasma glucose concentrations, whereas no survivors had both abnormalities (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Lower plasma sodium and higher plasma glucose are associated with a worse outcome in dogs with CHF.     

苹果花脸病田间病情发展及ASSVd在组培条件下的传播

为了明确苹果锈果类病毒(apple scar skin viroid,ASSVd)引起的苹果花脸病在田间的病情发展情况以及ASSVd在组培条件下的传播方式,2012—2015年对河北省顺平南神南村3个果园进行持续调查和检测。结果显示,果园A、B、C的显症率分别从3.00%、19.35%和10.00%上升至10.00%、34.41%和22.00%,带毒率分别从11.00%、20.43%和14.00%上升至23.00%、37.63%和30.00%,带毒率和显症率都逐年增加,而且带毒率大于显症率,即有些带毒果树不显症。发病果树田间分布有明显的发病中心。通过高通量测序发现显症果树ASSVd vsiRNA reads数是带毒未显症reads数的4.08倍,同时实时荧光定量PCR检测发现显症树ASSVd病毒积累量显著高于带毒未显症树。以携带ASSVd的组培苗和无毒组培苗为试材,利用RT-PCR检测明确了ASSVd可通过伤口沾染带毒汁液、组培剪污染、含毒培养基、根系接触进行传播,其中根系接触传染率较高。     

中早熟辣椒新品种‘农大7号’

‘农大7号’辣椒是以HP1016为母本,Y0931为父本杂交选育而成。植株长势强,平均株高78.7 cm,中早熟。果实羊角形,青熟果黄绿色,果面光滑,果肉厚,平均单果质量80 g,平均单株结果数26.8个。果实维生素C含量0.56 mg·g^-1,粗纤维含量1.15%。抗疫病、炭疽病等。适宜河南全省各地(含烟区)早春保护地种植。     

高通量测序发现河南开封、中牟西瓜病毒病由多种病毒复合侵染导致

调查发现河南省开封市祥符区和郑州市中牟县西瓜田病毒病严重发生,症状表现为叶片黄化、蕨叶、皱缩、卷曲,枝梢翘起,果实变小和瓜纹不清。为明确其病毒种类,通过小RNA测序及生物信息学分析发现采集的西瓜样本中存在8种病毒。其中包括5种已知病毒:小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, ZYMV)、甜瓜蚜传黄化病毒(Melon aphid-borne yellows virus, MABYV)、西瓜花叶病毒(Watermelon mosaic virus, WMV)、黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(Cucumber green mottle mo-saic virus, CGMMV)和西瓜隐潜病毒(Citrullus lanatus cryptic virus, CiLCV);3种为新检出的RNA病毒:西瓜病毒A(Watermelon virus A, WVA)、西瓜皱叶相关病毒1号(Watermelon crinkle leaf-associated virus 1, WCLaV-1)和西瓜皱叶相关病毒2号(Watermelon crinkle leaf-associ...     

梨锈病对树体生长及果实品质的影响

田间感病情况下,研究梨锈病对华酥叶片光合作用、丰产性、果实品质及树体生长势的影响,结果表明：随着叶片病情指数增高,净光合速率逐渐降低,到9级时,净光合速率出现负值;树体感病程度越重,生长势越弱,果实越小,果实可溶性固形物和还原糖含量降低,可滴定酸含量增加。     

多种化学药剂对套袋苹果黑点病菌的室内毒力及田间防治效果

通过分离培养鉴定认为,山东栖霞、沂源两地发生的套袋苹果黑点病均由粉红聚端孢（Trictochecum roseum Link）、链格孢菌（Altemaria mali Roberts）、点枝项孢（Acremonium stictum Link）三种病原菌引起。采用菌丝生长速率法测定了多种杀菌剂对这3种病原菌的毒力,室内测定结果表明：戊唑醇、总司令、扑海因对这3种病菌均有较好的抑制效果。田间防治试验结果表明,10％宝丽安可湿性粉剂1000倍＋50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂700倍液、70％甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍液、55％氟硅唑·多菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍液等药剂对苹果黑点病有较好的防治效果。