池塘生态系基质C/N比对游离细菌群落生长和有机N矿化作用的影响

本文研究了向高产鱼池中人工添加有机C（葡萄糖）和有机N（甘氨酸）对水中游离细菌生长及其分解矿化有机N的影响。研究结果表明，向池塘水中添加有机C促进了细菌生长和细菌对N素的吸收；而添加有机N对细菌生长的影响不明显，但增强了有机N的矿化作用。在池塘水营养条件下，溶解有机C限制了细菌的生长，细菌在鱼池生态系统N循环中起着有机N分解者的作用。     

油研9号氮、钾、硼肥的施用技术

为了探讨油菜良种良法配套栽培技术,以新品种油研9号进行了氮肥的不同施用比例、钾肥的不同施用量、硼肥的不同施用方式的研究。结果表明:在相同施氮量下,以基肥:苗肥:薹肥为3:4:3时产量最高,与5:3:2和6:2:2 的施用比例达显著性差异;与4:3:3的施用比例差异不显著。不同钾肥施用量以底施氯化钾15 kg／667m2产量最高,底施氯化钾均与不施氯化钾达极显著性差异,但底施氯化钾15 kg／667m2比底施氯化钾7．5 kg／667m2增产不显著。不同硼肥的施用方式,以薹施硼肥1 kg／667m2产量最高,薹施(1kg／667m2)、底施(1 kg／667m2)、花喷(100g／667m2)硼肥分别比不施硼肥增产 31．5％、22．8％、5．5％,施用硼肥与不施硼肥均达显著性差异,薹施和底施硼肥增产效果明显,花喷增产效果较差。     

桃潜蛾性信息素合成技术研究进展

介绍了以化学手段合成桃潜蛾性信息素的技术,从桃潜蛾性信息素合成技术发展的2个阶段(外消旋体的制备阶段、手性化合物的制备阶段)及4种合成方法(5 13,6 12,7 11,8 10方法)进行了综述,展示了其最新的合成路线,并展望了未来发展的趋势.     

Affine invariant shape recognition with particle swarmoptimization algorithm

Focusing on the problem that affine transformation will exist among the contour images due to variation of the viewpoints, a new approach to extract affine invariant features and matching strategy is proposed for shape recognition. First, the centroid distance and azimuth angle of each boundary point are computed. Then, with a prior defined angle interval, all the points in the neighbor region of the sample point are considered to calculate the average distance for eliminating noise. After that, the centroid distance ratios(CDRs) of any two contour points with angle difference of 180° are achieved as the representation of the shape, which would be invariant to affine transformation. Since the angles of contour points changed non linearly among affine related images, the CDRs should be resampled to build corresponding relationship. It could be regarded as an optimization problem of path planning. In our method, a PSO based path planning model is presented to address this problem. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method in shape recognition with translation, scaling, rotation, distortion and noise interference.     

苹毛丽金龟性信息素嗅觉行为与释放模式

苹毛丽金龟在我国很多地区是重要经济害虫。在实验室利用采集的两性及寄主挥发物测试雌雄行为反应,结果表明,苹毛丽金龟通讯行为受寄主植物和性信息素调控。添加了雌性挥发物的寄主植物挥发物,能增加对雄虫的吸引力。喂食与不喂食李子花对性信息素释放具有显著影响。气相色谱及行为学研究证实至少有一种物质作为性信息素存在于雌性挥发物中。光期开始后4~6小时,是雌性信息素释放的高峰期。     

盆栽鸦胆子氮磷钾肥料配方的研究

[目的]为鸦胆子规范化种植的高效合理施肥提供理论依据。[方法]试验采用“3414”不完全正交回归设计,研究氮磷钾施用效果,并筛选适宜的肥料配方。[结果]氮肥对鸦胆子的生长有较大影响,氮、磷、钾肥间无明显的正交互作用。[结论]以鸦胆子植株总生物量干重为指标进行统计分析,得出盆栽鸦胆子氮（N）、磷（P2O5）、钾（K2O）的最大施用量为0.5~0.7、0.2~0.30、.2~0.3 g/kg。     

峨眉黄连传粉生物学研究

目的揭示峨眉黄连[Coptis omeiensis（Chen）C.Y.Cheng]开花规律与传粉特征,拟确定其繁育系统类型,为探索峨眉黄连野生居群减少成因与引种繁育奠定基础。方法观察峨眉黄连的花部综合特征与开花动态过程;运用杂交指数、花粉-胚珠比、套袋传粉实验等方法综合评价。结果峨眉黄连花期可分为3个时期,其杂交指数为4,花粉-胚珠比在474～907之间,其雄蕊-花粉粒、雌蕊-胚珠发育正常,能形成种子。结论峨眉黄连的繁育系统为兼性异交,部分自交亲和,需要传粉者,具有异花传粉的结构,又有自花传粉的趋向,在自然条件下50%以上的胚珠能形成种子,可进行种子繁育引种。     

佳木斯大学校园草坪杂草群落组成和多样性研究

采取"W"9点取样法对佳木斯大学校园草坪杂草进行调查分析.结果表明:校园常见的杂草主要包括15科24属27种,其中菊科种类最多.优势种杂草主要有紫花地丁、老鹳草、蒲公英和白三叶等.同时,根据草坪杂草的分布特点和危害状况,提出了草坪杂草的防除措施.     

基于人工智能的汽油机瞬态空燃比控制策略研究

介绍并对比了基于神经网络和模糊控制的瞬态空燃比控制方法,二者均不要求控制对象为非常精确的模型。特别在应用的非线性理论建模还不十分完善的情况下。神经网络控制器和模糊控制器的这个优点更为突出。     

Variability in energy partitioning and resistance parameters for a vineyard in northwest China

Grapevines are extensively grown in the semiarid and arid regions, but little information is available on the variability of energy partitioning and resistance parameters for the vineyard. To address this question, an eddy covariance system was applied to measure energy balance over a vineyard in northwest China during 2005-2006. Result indicated that 2-year average Bowen ratio (β) of vineyard was 1.0, canopy resistance (r_c) 289.3 s m⁻¹, aerodynamic resistance (r_a) 9.7 s m⁻¹ and climatological resistance (r_i) 117 s m⁻¹. This implied that the annual energy was split almost equally between sensible heat and latent heat. Compared to the corresponding values in other ecosystems reported by Wilson et al. [Wilson, K.B., Baldocchi, D.D., Aubinet, M., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Dolman, H., Falge, E., Field, C., Goldstein, A., Granier, A., Grelle, A., Halldor, T., Hollinger, D., Katul, G., Law, B.E., Lindroth, A., Meyers, T., Moncrieff, J., Monson, R., Oechel, W., Tenhunen, J., Valentini, R., Verma, S., Vesala, T., Wofsy, S., 2002. Energy partitioning between latent and sensible heat flux during the warm season at FLUXNET sites. Water Resource Research 38, 1294-1305.], the vineyard had a higher β, r_c and r_i than deciduous forests, corn and soybean, and grassland. Such difference was mainly attributed to (1) serious water stress in 2005, which resulted in a greater r_c up to 364.4 s m⁻¹; (2) sparse canopy with row spacing of 2.9 m and plant spacing of 1.8 m; (3) warm-dry climate and high attitude (1581 m) along with higher r_i and lower psychrometer (54 Pa K⁻¹) in the arid region of northwest China. These characters of vineyard revealed varying process of energy partitioning and surface resistance, and provided a scientific basis in understanding and modeling water and energy balance for the vineyard in the semiarid and arid regions.