月季切花衰老与含水量、膜脂过氧化及保护酶活性的关系

研究月季品种萨蔓莎切花衰老过程中含水量、鲜重、保护酶活性的变化情况和膜脂过氧化水平．结果表明：花瓣含水量、鲜重和可溶性蛋白的质量分数在瓶插前期先升高, ４ ｄ 后迅速下降;瓶插过程中,细胞膜相对透性增加,过氧化物酶活性迅速上升,过氧化氢酶和超氧物歧化酶活性前２ 天上升后接着迅速下降．失水和膜脂过氧化水平的增加是月季切花衰老的主要生理原因     

茶鲜叶摊放过程中脂质过氧化作用特点初探

对新鲜茶叶在摊放过程中的失水率、细胞膜透性、三种保护酶（ＳＯＤ,ＣＡＴ,ＰＯＤ）活性及脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量的变化及其相互关系进行了研究．结果表明,随着摊放时间的延长和叶片失水程度的增加,鲜叶内ＳＯＤ,ＣＡＴ活性先增强然后迅速减弱,ＰＯＤ活性则一直保持增强的趋势,叶片细胞膜透性和ＭＤＡ含量则不断上升．反映出茶鲜叶在摊放过程中脂质过氧化作用不断加剧,并且其增加速率与保护酶活性变化有一定相关,这在一定程度上意味着茶鲜叶适度摊放的化学实质与脂质过氧化作用有关     

二种分离液对牛腔前卵泡卵母细胞体外培养效果观察

本实验通过２种无血清分离液,采用机械方法分离牛腔前卵泡卵母细胞,体外培养７ｄ,观察其体外培养效果结果表明,Ｍ１９９Ｈｅｐｅｓ组腔前卵泡卵母细胞发育率为６３．４％,ＰＢＳ组为３０．３％,二者差异极显著（Ｐ＜０,０１）;第７ｄ 卵泡平均增长直径以Ｍ１９９Ｈ＿组好于ＰＢＳ组,分别为（２８． ７± ２１． ２）μ和（２１． ６± ８． ０）μｍ,次级卵泡（Ｓｃ）增长速率大于初级卵泡（Ｐｍ）     

Effects of dietary protein to energy ratios on growth,body composition and digestive enzyme activities in Chinese mitten‐handed crab,Eriocheir sinensis

This study aimed to determine the optimal protein to energy ratio (P/E ratio) and evaluate the effect of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance, body composition and digestive enzymes activities in Chinese mitten‐handed crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Nine practical diets containing three levels both for protein (DP 30%, 35% and 40%) and lipid (DL 2%, 7% and 12%) with P/E ratios ranging from 13.69 to 19.79 mg KJ^?1 were fed to four replicates of crabs (3.39 ± 0.10 g) for 10 weeks. Weight gain increased significantly with the increase in DP level at each DL level. Moreover, weight gain increased in crabs fed with diets containing DL level from 2% to 12% and DP level from 30% to 35%. However, the diet containing 40% DP and 12% DL levels significantly decreased the growth performance and protein efficiency of the crabs. The whole crab and hepatopancreas lipid contents also increased as dietary lipid increased, but not dietary protein. The total protease activity increased significantly with the increase in dietary protein at each lipid level. The lipase activity was statistically comparable among different DL levels at each DP level. Taken together, the crab fed the diet containing 35% protein and 12% lipid levels with P/E 15.77 mg KJ^?1 revealed optimal growth, feed utilization efficiency and digestive enzymes activities. Moreover, our study indicated that the higher dietary lipid level at a relatively lower dietary protein level could provide protein sparing effect in Eriocheir sinensis.     

银杏叶提取物对断奶仔猪血清生化指标和抗氧化功能的影响

【目的】研究银杏叶提取物（EGB）对断奶仔猪血清生化指标和抗氧化功能的影响。【方法】将160头25日龄的“杜×长×大”三元杂交断奶仔猪随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每重复10头。第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;第2、3、4组分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加质量分数0.1%,0.2%和0.3% EGB的试验日粮。试验期为28 d,分别于第14和28天采集血样,测定断奶仔猪血清生化指标和抗氧化功能指标。【结果】与对照组相比,日粮中添加质量分数0.2%,0.3% EGB可显著降低断奶仔猪血清甘油三酯含量（P＜0.05）,显著提高血清球蛋白含量（P＜0.05）;添加质量分数0.1%,0.2% EGB,总体上可显著提高断奶仔猪血清总超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性和总抗氧化能力（P＜0.05）,显著降低血清丙二醛和一氧化氮含量（P＜0.05）。另外,与对照组相比,日粮中添加EGB使断奶仔猪血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总蛋白含量呈增加趋势,血清总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量呈降低趋势。【结论】断奶仔猪日粮中添加质量分数0.2% EGB效果最佳,此时EGB可降低断奶仔猪血脂含量,提高血清球蛋白水平和抗氧化能力。     

槲皮素对PEDV感染幼龄仔猪肠道形态、抗氧化功能及空肠脂质代谢基因表达的影响

【目的】 通过研究槲皮素对猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）感染仔猪肠道形态、肠道抗氧化功能及空肠脂质代谢相关基因相对表达量的影响,旨在探讨槲皮素对PEDV感染仔猪肠道的保护作用。【方法】 选取18头健康的7日龄断奶仔猪,随机分为3组：对照组、PEDV组和槲皮素＋PEDV组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验期8 d,于试验第0~7天,对槲皮素＋PEDV组仔猪每天口腔灌服10 mg/kg BW的槲皮素,其余组灌服等体积的人工奶。于试验第5天晚上给PEDV组和槲皮素＋PEDV组仔猪口腔灌服10^4.5TCID₅₀的PEDV,对照组仔猪灌服相同体积的PBS溶液。于试验第8天早上屠宰,取仔猪十二指肠、空肠、回肠及结肠组织样品进行检测。【结果】 与对照组相比,PEDV组仔猪空肠和回肠的绒毛高度以及绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值极显著降低（P<0.01）,空肠、回肠和结肠中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）的活力显著降低（P<0.05）,十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠中过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活力显著降低（P<0.05）,回肠和结肠中丙二醛（MDA）的含量显著升高（P<0.05）,空肠中载脂蛋白A1（APOA1）、载脂蛋白B （APOB）、载脂蛋白C2（APOC2）、脂肪酸结合蛋白2（FABP2）、酰基辅酶A合成酶长链家族成员3（ACSL-3）和脂肪酸合酶（FASN）基因的相对表达量极显著下调（P<0.01）。与PEDV组相比,槲皮素＋PEDV组仔猪空肠和回肠的绒毛高度以及绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值极显著提高（P<0.01）,空肠、回肠和结肠中GSH-Px和T-SOD的活力显著提高（P<0.05）,十二指肠、空肠和结肠中CAT的活力显著提高（P<0.05）,回肠和结肠中MDA的含量显著降低（P<0.05）,空肠中APOB、FABP2和FASN基因的相对表达量极显著上调（P<0.01）。【结论】 添加槲皮素可有效缓解PEDV感染导致的仔猪肠道损伤,提高仔猪肠道抗氧化能力以及空肠脂质代谢的能力。     

Effects of administration of IH901, a ginsenoside intestinal metabolite,on muscular and pulmonary antioxidant functions after eccentric exercise

This study was conducted to investigate whether administration of IH901, a ginseng intestinal metabolite, ameliorates exercise-induced oxidative stress while preserving antioxidant defense capability in rat skeletal muscles and lung. Eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats per group were randomly assigned to the resting control, exercise control, resting with IH901 (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) consumption (R/IH901), or exercise with IH901 (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) consumption (E/IH901) group. The trained groups ran 35 min 2 days/week for 8 weeks. To analyze the IH901-training interaction, serum biochemical analysis, lipid peroxidation, citrate synthase, protein oxidation, antioxidant and superoxide dismutase in skeletal muscles and lung tissue were measured. Compared to the exercise control group, animals that consumed IH901 had significantly increased exercise endurance times (p < 0.05) and decreased plasma creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels (p < 0.05), while those in the E/IH901 groups had increased citrate synthase and anti-oxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, IH901 consumption in aging rats after eccentric exercise has beneficial effects on anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities through down-regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation and up-regulation of anti-oxidant enzymes.     

pH对洛美沙星与BSA之间结合常数的影响

[目的]研究洛美沙星与血清白蛋白之间的作用,了解药物分子在体内的运输和分布情况。[方法]采用毛细管区带电泳法,通过测定在不同pH值、不同牛血清白蛋白浓度的缓冲溶液条件下药物迁移时间的变化,计算出洛美沙星与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的结合常数（Kb）。[结果]pH分别为6.8,7.4和8.0时,洛美沙星与BSA之间的Kb分别为10.185×1045、.319×1045、.356×104 L/mol。[结论]环境pH对洛美沙星与BSA之间的相互作用有强烈影响,当pH处在6.8～7.4之间时,Kb对pH尤为敏感。     

饲料脂质对养殖鱼类品质的影响

目前,高脂饲料在鱼类养殖中的应用已越来越广泛。然而,目前全球每年鱼油产量虽然基本恒定,但水产饲料中鱼油的需求量却在持续上升,到2010年,鱼油的使用量将超出产量的70%。鱼油的有限供给和过量消耗,以及其中可能积蓄的二噁英和多氯联苯,使鱼类养殖业迫切需要采用其他脂肪源来代替饲料中的鱼油。然而,高脂饲料或用其他脂肪源替代饲料中的鱼油不仅影响养殖鱼     

Digestion of lipids and carbohydrates from microalgae (Chaetoceros muelleri Lemmermann and Isochrysis aff. galbana clone T‐ISO) in juvenile scallops (Pecten maximus L.)

The digestion of laminaran and neutral lipids from the microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri or mixtures of C. muelleri and Isochrysis galbana clone T‐ISO in 4‐mm scallops Pecten maximus were studied. The microalgae were cultivated at fixed low and high growth rate (5% and 60% of μ_max). The cultivation method clearly affected the lipid and carbohydrate contents, as well as their enzyme activity. Chaetoceros muelleri and T‐ISO grown at low growth rate exhibited a considerably higher content of lipids and carbohydrates than those algae grown at high growth rate. The specific activity of laminaranase and neutral lipase was the highest in C. muelleri grown at the low growth rate. Growth rate of scallops was best when they were fed a mono‐species diet of C. muelleri grown at low growth rate. The growth rate of the scallops was positively correlated to the dietary carbohydrate content as well as to the specific activity of neutral lipase and laminaranase in the diet. The capacity to digest carbohydrates (laminaran) might be limiting for the young scallops, and the content of carbohydrates and enzymatic activities of laminaran in the diet should be considered when formulating an optimal diet, both when the diet consist of live microalgae and formulated diets.