卫生间蹲式大便器改进设计安装方法探讨

本文作者对国家标准设计中卫生间蹲式大便器排污管道为楼板下敷设常发生渗漏,影响环境 卫生,根据多年工作实践提出改进设计和便于施工安装的新做法。     

单一尺寸矩形板件最优化下料方法研究

讨论单一尺寸矩形件锯切下料排样方式的最优设计问题,提出一种单一尺寸矩形件优化排样方法,给出这一排样方法的数学依据、优化解的选择条件和特殊解的排样处理.     

新型抗冻太阳能冷管的试验研究

根据固体吸附制冷原理,利用太阳光作为热源,采用活性炭-甲醇作为工质对,首次研制成了抗冻型太阳能冷管,该冷管制冷温度可以达到-5℃以下,单支抗冻型太阳能冷管制冷量可以达到100 kJ,制冷系数COP达到0.11.     

不规则半导体超晶格的局域性研究

通过引入转移矩阵改进了边界匹配方法，并利用这种方法研究了不规则半导体超晶格中电子的局域性。结果表明，在只有一层垒层宽度改变时不形成电子的局域态。这个结果还说明，在全同性被破坏时，要产生局域态仍需要一定的条件。     

Dynamics of Bacterial Communities in Postharvested Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Maintained Under Refrigeration

The selective effect that refrigeration exerts on the autochthonous microbiota of the eastern oyster was investigated using culture-independent methods. Oysters from two different locations along the Gulf Coast of Mexico were analyzed concurrently during 2-week refrigeration. Ribosomal intergenic sequence analysis (RISA) generated complex bacterial community fingerprints that provided a strong association between RISA-defined clusters and sample date. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles obtained with universal primers did not reflect any association based on date or geographic origin of the samples. During the storage period, Vibrio parahaemolyticus was replaced, at least in overall abundance, with other nonpathogenic Vibrio species better adapted to cold temperatures. This study shows that refrigeration itself does not limit the growth of the bacterial community nor reduces its richness.     

基于H桥驱动电路的半导体制冷片恒温控制系统

设计了一种以单片机HT46R47为核心,半导体制冷片为发热制冷体的智能恒温控制系统.通过H桥驱动电路控制半导体制冷片进行加热或制冷,实现了自动恒温控制.     

西宁市冷库贮藏动物产品监管问题与对策

冷库贮藏动物产品监管,是畜产品质量安全监管面临的一个新的课题。本文通过对冷库贮藏动物产品监管现状的调查、分析、总结,对存在问题有针对性地提出了加强监管的对策,期望能对今后加强冷库贮藏动物产品质量全监管,确保畜产品质量安全提供参考。     

A model to predict productivity of different chipping operations

The chipping operation is an important component of harvesting systems producing biomass and pulp chips. This paper aimed to develop a valid model to predict the productivity of chipping as part of these operations. Over a number of years more than 200 different time studies were conducted on chipping operations in Italy and Australia. Multiple regressions and backward stepwise data analysis methods were applied to develop a productivity prediction equation, considering the following variables: machine power (kW), piece size (m³), crew size, harvesting method, species, tree part, wood condition, wood lay-out, chipping type, propulsion, feeding method, point of chipping, season, location of chip discharge, country (Italy or Australia) and type of operation (biomass chip operation or pulp chip operation). The final productivity model included machine power, average piece size, location of chip discharge and type of operation as significant variables. The internal validation test was conducted using five witness samples from Italy and Australia, which confirmed the validity at α=0.05. Additional international case studies from North America, South America, and central and northern Europe were used to test the accuracy of the model, in which 15 studies confirmed the model's validity and two failed to pass the test.     

二氧化碳制冷技术在农产品冷链物流保鲜中的应用研究进展

随着中国“双碳”政策措施的逐步落地，绿色环保的新型制冷技术成为发展重点。二氧化碳(CO₂/R744)作为无色、无味、无毒、不可燃的天然工质，具有热稳定性好、单位容积制冷量高、全球温室效应低的特点，是一种理想的传统制冷剂替代品。CO₂制冷技术逐步应用于农产品仓储物流、制冰、空调等领域，但当前中国农产品仓储物流过程普遍存在能耗高的突出问题，亟需研发绿色节能制冷技术。该文阐述了CO₂制冷原理与发展历程，并从制冷系统、制冷设备及相关配件的角度，深入分析了CO₂制冷技术与压缩机、换热器、节流装置等CO₂制冷设备的国内外研发情况；综述了CO₂制冷技术在农产品储存和运输环节中的应用进展，提出了亟待解决不同工况下CO₂制冷设备匹配度、低温环境下CO₂压缩效率与液化效率等技术难点；基于中国农产品冷链物流最先一公里和最后一公里断链的突出问题，建议加快研发适宜中国农产品冷链物流产业特点的CO₂移动式冷库和立体智能...     

复配天然保鲜剂对青虾冷藏保鲜效果的影响

采用复配天然保鲜剂(保鲜剂中含有壳聚糖12.5 g/L,卡拉胶1.75 g/L,迷迭香提取物0.9 g/L,Nisin 0.7 g/L)对青虾进行保鲜处理,以青虾肌肉的pH值、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)值、硫代巴比妥酸反应物(TBARS)值和青虾菌落总数为指标,结合青虾肌肉蛋白质的SDS-PAGE电泳结果,分析复配天然保鲜剂对青虾4℃冷藏保鲜效果的影响.结果表明:与对照组相比,采用复配天然保鲜剂处理能延缓青虾冷藏期间肌肉pH值、TVB-N值、TBARS值和菌落总数的增长;SDS-PAGE图谱表明,该复配天然保鲜剂有利于维持青虾肌肉蛋白质结构和性质的稳定性.以上结果说明,在4℃冷藏条件下,复配天然保鲜剂处理青虾能够抑制其蛋白质降解、脂肪氧化酸败和微生物的生长,从而延缓青虾的腐败变质,货架期达到7 d,保鲜效果良好.