不同粒度猫尾草对羔羊体外发酵特性和微生物数量的影响

通过Rusitec-s体外发酵系统研究不同粒度猫尾草对羔羊体外发酵参数与微生物数量的影响,选取6种不同粒度(1.00、2.36、3.35、4.75、8.00和12.50 mm)的猫尾草作为试验饲粮的纤维来源,按照猫尾草的粒度将试验分为6个处理组,每个处理4个重复,利用Rusitec-s型人工瘤胃模拟装置进行48 h体外发酵,测定养分降解率、发酵参数及发酵液中6种微生物菌群的拷贝数。结果表明：与其他处理组相比,2.36 mm组显著提高了体外中性洗涤纤维降解率(IVNDFD)、丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸摩尔比和溶纤维丁酸弧菌(B. f)数量(P<0.05),且显著降低总产甲烷菌(TMe)数量(P<0.05)。总菌(TB)与氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度、乙酸摩尔比呈正相关(R²=0.84,P=0.038;R²=0.88,P=0.021);B. f数量与丙酸摩尔比呈正相关(R²=0.82,P=0.045),且与pH呈负相关(R²=-0.98,P=0.001);TMe数量与体外粗蛋白质降解率(IVCP...     

“云大— 120 ”浸种对水稻秧苗素质及产量影响的研究

试验结果表明：用“云大— 120 ”浸稻种对种子的发芽势、发芽率、秧苗素质、有效穗和稻谷产量具有一定的促进作用，发芽势比对照提高 12.68% — 23.94% ；发芽率提高 3.75% — 18.75% ；有效穗提高 0.5% — 7.43% ；产量增加 1.03% — 8.49% 。其使用方法简单易行，在生产上具有重要的推广价值。     

Dropwise Condensation Heat Transfer Coefficient on the Horizontal Circular Surface with Radial Gradient Surface Energy

A theoretical model is developed for the dropwise condensation heat transfer on the horizontal circular surface with radial gradient surface energy based on the heat transfer model of individual condensate drop and the size distribution model of condensate drop on homogeneous condensation surface.The effect of variation of contact angle on the gradient surface on condensation heat transfer and condensate drop size distribution is taken account of in this model.The theoretical calculation method was obtained to predict the dropwise condensation heat transfer coefficient on the horizontal circular surface with radial gradient surface energy under various wall subcooled temperature,contact angle profile on wall surface,and working fluid.The effects of surface energy gradient,wall subcooled temperature,and thermophysical properties of condensate on the condensation heat transfer are discussed respectively.The calculation results show that the condensation heat transfer coefficient increases slightly with the increase of wall subcooled temperature.As latent heat and surface tension increasing,the condensation heat transfer coefficient increases.A larger surface energy gradient induces a larger condensation heat transfer coefficient.     

半夏小块茎的形态发生及人工种子制作

离体培养中，经过小块茎发生途径从半夏叶柄诱导了完整植株。用实体解剖、连续切片和三维结构重组等方法观察分析得出：小块茎顶端的叶原基由于不对称生长逐渐将顶端分生组织复盖，随后叶原基的尖端和两侧生长延缓，生长中心转移到背轴面中央，结果导致叶原基长帽状结构。不同发育程度的雏叶和叶原基总是相互叠在一起顶端分生组织复盖于下面。小块茎枯端形成芽的同时，在顶芽附近分化根。     

Irrigation scheduling in a mature peach orchard using tensiometers and dendrometers

Three trickle irrigation schedules, two of which were scheduled according to soil water potential ( soil) (tensiometer method) and daily stem contraction (DSC) (dendrometer method) respectively and the other one was a schedule of restricted water supply, were applied to a mature peach orchard.The annual water application based on soil was greater than that based on DSC. However, tree growth, fruit size and leaf water potential (leaf) on the trees in the dendrometer scheduling plot did not differ from those in the tensiometer scheduling plot while the premature fruit drop and fruit bud initiation were greatly different. The restricted water supply treatment limited significantly both tree and fruit growth. In addition, the lower leaf was observed on the trees in this plot.Further study shows that use of the dendrometer method for scheduling irrigation satisfies the water needs of the plant and that the tensiometer method is less accurate.Abbreviations leaf leaf water potential - soil soil water potential - DSC daily stem contraction - LVDT linear variable displacement transducer - PET potential evapotranspiration     

油菜脱出物在气流中的运动分析

测定了油菜脱出物的空气动力特性，基于ADAMS研究了气流参数的变化对脱出物运动状态的影响，并对油菜脱出物在流场中的运动进行了仿真分析，选择了适合于油菜脱出物分离的气流参数，同时指出了气流清选油菜脱出物时存在的局限性。     

保种群体遗传结构变化的模拟研究

本文运用电子计算机模拟的方法,分析了影响畜禽保种的主要因素,并通过不同参数组合(包括起始基因频率、群体有效含量和世代数等)的模拟试验得出三个主要结论: 1 在有性繁殖的有限群体中,原封不动地保存群体基因库中的每个基因(包括频率很低的基因)是根本不可能的。 2 在完全实行随机交配的情况下,长期保存频率较高的基因也需要相当大的群体才有可能。 3 频率较高基因的保存也不能单纯依靠群体大小,还需借助于选择。只有这样才能在小群体内长期保存频率较高的基因。     

加工专用型花生品种适宜栽培因子及加工属性研究简报

采用正交试验设计方法进行了品种(A)、穴粒数(B)及种植密度(C)三因素正交试验,同时进行品种加工属性研究。结果表明,品种和穴粒数的极差R′较大,其次是种植密度。泉花538的加工成品率和一级品率分别比对照高4.4和9.7个百分点,泉花627的加工成品率和一级品率分别比对照高5.3和9.3个百分点,这两个品种的产量分居第一、二位,而且加工属性较佳,适宜加工咸酥花生。另外还就各因素对产量影响以及最优处理组合进行了分析。     

优质脆李新品种‘中李5号’的选育

‘中李5号’李是以‘青脆李’为母本经自然实生选育而成。该品种生长势较强,树姿半开张;在河南省郑州市观察,3月上旬进入初花期,3月中旬进入盛花期,花期持续约10 d;果实发育期约120 d,于7月中旬成熟;果实近圆形,果顶扁平,缝合线浅,平均单果重46.8 g,果皮呈黄绿色,不着红色,果面有明显果粉层;果肉呈浅黄色,肉质细腻、硬脆,汁液多,纤维少,风味酸甜,无香气;果实可溶性固形物含量15.8%,维生素C含量6.82 mg/100 g,可溶性糖含量9.62%,可滴定酸含量0.82%,可食率97.9%;该品种5年生树的株产可达32 kg以上,丰产能力较强,在河南及周边省市李树适生区均可栽植。     

紫色土光谱特征及其碱解氮的预测研究

文章分析探索了应用可见近红外光谱技术快速、高效、便捷测定土壤营养参数的可能性。采集蓬莱镇组紫色土样本,比对分析了不同肥力水平、土壤厚度和土壤粒径条件下采集土壤光谱对可见近红外光谱特征的影响,筛选出不同厚度、粒径土壤条件下的碱解氮含量预测模型。研究结果表明,土壤样本厚度为30mm时具有最大的光谱反射率,建立的氮含量预测模型效果最佳,校正集和验证集的相关系数分别为0.84和0.83,均方根误差分别为1.79和1.87。土样粒径在0.25-0.85mm时氮含量的预测效果最佳,校正集和验证集的相关系数均超过0.8,且均方根误差较小;但当土样粒径<0.25mm时,氮含量预测模型效果明显下降。采用20目（<0.85mm）过筛、30mm厚度土壤样本采集可见近红外光谱和偏最小二乘法（PLS）模型预测,可以实现对蓬莱镇组紫色土碱解氮含量的较好光谱预测。